Proceedings of National Workshop on Priority Tree Species

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Advantage <strong>of</strong> species selection There are several comments on which species should be planted, in order to reach the program. In general, the species selected for planting are to: • Enable genetic conservation (in-situ conservation and ex-situ conservation combined with reforestation program), • Match plant with site for increasing forest quality, • Meet the need <strong>of</strong> end-user, and • Meet variety demand <strong>of</strong> large-scale reforestation program. In the past reforestation in Cambodia was small scale with the planting rate approximately 500 ha per year and species were planted without studying its origin or provenance. The species planted before were: a) Exotic species: - Acacia hybrid - Acacia auriculiformis (Acacia auri) - Acacia mangium (Acacvia sleuk thom) - Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Preng kyal) - Eucalyptus tereticornis (Preng kyal) - Eucalyptus grandiflora (Preng kyal) - Eucalyptus europhylla (Preng kyal) - Tectona grandis (May sak) b) Indigenous species - Anisoptera glabra (Phdeak) - Afzelia xylocarpa (Beng) - Aquilaria crassna (Chann krasna) - Azadirachta indica (sdav) - Cassia siamea (Ang kanh) - Dalbergia bariensis (Neang nuon) - Dipterocarpus alatus (Chheuteal toeuk) - Khaya senegalensis (Kroabek) - Hopea odorata (Koki msav) - Pterocarpus macrocarpus (Thnorng) - Tarrietia javanica (Daun chem) - Peltophorum ferrugineum (Trosek prey) Seed selection methods Tree seed is the important component in a reforestation program, because through the correct selection we can get more effective production with less expense. In order to produce seed or seedling meeting the need <strong>of</strong> market, the seed producer and consumer have to prioritize tree species. After recognizing the priority seed species for the consumer, producer must produce seed based on technical procedures to provide seed with high quality and <strong>of</strong> known provenance. 5.1 Seed production zone preparation A seed production zone should be selected in natural forest or plantation with flat landform, well drain, trees not so young or old, and area at least 5 ha. 26
5.1.1 Seed production zone demarcation After determining seed production zone, the boundary should be identified by opening a line <strong>of</strong> 2 m wide around the seed production zone and demarcation with red paint on the trees. Beside this demarcation the zone have to be divided into small lots <strong>of</strong> 1 ha area. 5.1.2 Signboard In order to easy recognize the site and avoid local people disturbing the seed production zone a signboard should be established. 5.2 Seed stands 5.2.1 Characteristic <strong>of</strong> seed stands The characteristics <strong>of</strong> seed stands are the following: - High straight stems, - Healthy, - Big canopy (the angle between the stem and branch are close to 90 degree). - Middle age (not too old nor too young), - The neighboring tree should have nearly the same quality. 5.2.2 Identification number <strong>of</strong> plus trees The tree selected to be plus tree have to be marked with identification number and other information <strong>of</strong> each plus tree such as height, age, crown, location, and distance to road is to be recorded. 5.2.3 Preparations <strong>of</strong> seed production stands In order to get good quality seed from a good seed stand with abundance <strong>of</strong> good seed, we have to remove the inferior trees. Other trees that are not considered to be seed stand (e.g. grow too closely to the seed stand) are also to be removed or to ring the bark <strong>of</strong> the tree as not to fall on the seed stand to break the branches. 5.2.4 Clearance around the seed stand Around the seed stand we have to remove the weeds within 9m radius. The removal <strong>of</strong> the weeds is better for seed collection, but avoid disturbing the soil around the seed stand. Another way is to lay the net or plastic cloth under the seed stand, but if the small tree under the seed stand is valuable and we don't want to remove them, then we hang the net or plastic cloth above them. 5.3 Seed collection Seed collection is one <strong>of</strong> the most important works in seed production program, because we must collect during seed maturity otherwise it will be damaged or loose quality (some seed have a short germination period). Seed collection can be done by crown collection (climbing) or ground collection. 5.4 Seed store After collection the seed should be cleaned, dried and packaged immediately, then transported to the seed store with suitable temperatures or sent directly to nurseries for production <strong>of</strong> seedlings. Good implementation follows the technical instructions given us - and seed with high quality responds to the need <strong>of</strong> the consumer. 27
Page 1 and 2: Kingdom of Cambodi
Page 3 and 4: Contents page I. Introduction 4 II.
Page 5 and 6: uild the capacity of</stron
Page 7 and 8: Agreement. The project period is 15
Page 9 and 10: IV. Workshop Discu
Page 11 and 12: Appendices 1. Programme of<
Page 13 and 14: Annex 2. Welcome address of
Page 15 and 16: Annex 3. Opening speech of<
Page 17 and 18: Annex 4. Mr. John Stellwagen, Co-co
Page 19 and 20: SECOND OVERHEAD (SECTOR ANALYSIS) D
Page 21 and 22: Annex 5. Introduction to the projec
Page 23 and 24: IV. National and r
Page 25: Annex 6. Present knowledge on prior
Page 29 and 30: 44 - Srey Marona Ministry Environme
Page 31 and 32: Annex 7.2 List of
Page 33 and 34: Ranking of Timber
Page 35 and 36: 23 Smach Melaleuca leucadendron, My
Page 37 and 38: III- Non-timber Products Species: S
Page 43 and 44: III- Non-timber Product Species: Sc
Page 47 and 48: National Ranking <
Page 49 and 50: National Ranking <
Page 51 and 52: Annex 12. Concluding remarks for Mr
Page 53 and 54: Annex 13. Closing remarks by H E Ch
Page 55 and 56: KIP LTSP LFA Lao PDR currency unit,
Page 57 and 58: timber species in long rotation as
Page 59 and 60: Annex 16 Tree Species Priority <str
Page 61 and 62: 8. Promote research on species, pro
Page 63 and 64: 102 Hopea pierrei x x 103 Hopea sp.
Page 65 and 66: 32 Illicium verum x x 33 Khaya sene
Page 67 and 68: Annex 17 Questionnaires on Tree See
Page 69: CAMBODIA TREE SEED PROJECT Expresse

Proceedings of National Workshop on Priority Tree Species

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