CONTENS - International Organization of Plant Biosystematists

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O 03 Phylogeographical structure of alpine plants in the Carpathians: a comparative study Michał Ronikier 1 & Intrabiodiv Consortium 2 1 Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: michal.ronikier@ib-pan.krakow.pl; 2 www.intrabiodiv.eu The Carpathians belong to major mountain ranges forming the European alpine system and form a mountain arch extending over ca 400 km. With a comparable spatial extension but deviating in topography and glacial history, the Carpathians provide a different system than the European Alps for studying the Quaternary history of alpine plants. Alpine areas form here a discontinuous island system, separated by large forested and subalpine areas. Unlike the Alps, the Carpathians were not extensively glaciated during the Quaternary; glaciers developed only locally, while lower massifs remained ice-free. Only the highest Carpathian ridges, like the Tatra mountains (the highest massif, 2663 m a.s.l.), showed more extended glaciation. In contrast, while plant habitats in the Alps were mostly limited to marginal refugia, alpine areas were extended in the large ice-free and treeless Carpathian ranges, potentially enabling range extensions for high-mountain plants. In the present study, populations of 14 high-mountain species distributed in alpine habitats across the Carpathians were studied using AFLP markers to infer their genetic structure. Additionally, chloroplast DNA sequences were examined in part of species to test the phylogeographical groups detected. Most species were characterized by a significant phylogeographical structure in the Carpathians and several well-supported regional groups were detected. A main genetic break supported by results from most taxa separated Western and South-Eastern Carpathians, following the well-known phytogeographical boundary. Further genetic groups were found in the SE Carpathians, suggesting for several species a last glacial isolation in several regional refugia rather than population expansion potentially favoured by extension of ice-free and treeless areas. 4
O 04 Contrasting phylogeographies inferred for the two alpine sister species Cardamine resedifolia and C. alpina (Brassicaceae) Judita Lihová 1 , Tor Carlsen 2 , Christian Brochmann 2 & Karol Marhold 1 1 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 14, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; judita.lihova@savba.sk 2 National Centre for Biosystematics, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, NO-0318 Oslo, Norway Two sister species were studied using AFLPs to address the history of disjunctions in the European alpine system: Cardamine alpina (Alps, Pyrenees) and C. resedifolia (mountain ranges from Sierra Nevada to the Balkans). We explored differentiation among their disjunct populations as well as within the contiguous Alpine and Pyrenean ranges, and compare the phylogeographic histories. Samples of the closely related, predominantly arctic C. bellidifolia were also included in attempt to explore its origin and postglacial establishment. In the snow-bed species C. alpina we resolved two strongly divergent lineages, one Alpine and one Pyrenean, possibly representing cryptic species. While multiple glacial refugia were invoked in the Pyrenees, we inferred only a single one in the Maritime Alps - from which postglacial colonization of the entire Alps occurred, accompanied by a strong founder effect. In C. resedifolia the genetic structuring was rather weak and did not correspond to the main geographic disjunctions. Two widespread and largely sympatric main genetic groups were found, one of them subdivided into four geographically more restricted groups, with frequent secondary contacts among them. The conspicuously different histories of these two species are likely associated with their different ecologies. The more abundant habitats available for C. resedifolia may have increased its probability for gradual migration during colder periods and for successful establishment after long-distance dispersal, whereas C. alpina has been more restricted by its dependence on snow-beds. Surprisingly, the arctic C. bellidifolia formed a very divergent lineage with little variation, contradicting a scenario of recent, postglacial migration of this species from the Alps or Pyrenees. The origin of C. bellidifolia likely followed a more complex scenario, perhaps taking place in the Asian part of its distribution area. 5
Page 1 and 2: Xth Symposium of the International
Page 3: O 02 Comparative phylogeography of
Page 7 and 8: O 06 Molecular phylogeography of Rh
Page 9 and 10: O 08 Phylogenetic and biogeographic
Page 11 and 12: O 10 Phytogeographical relationship
Page 13 and 14: O 12 Did vascular plants and bryoph
Page 15 and 16: O 14 Gentianella (Gentianaceae): A
Page 17 and 18: O 16 Crocus - Evolution and domesti
Page 19 and 20: O 18 Is hybridization between Pinus
Page 21 and 22: O 20 Evolutionary studies in a grou
Page 23 and 24: O 22 Polyploid evolution and ecolog
Page 25 and 26: O 24 Species delimitation in a comp
Page 27 and 28: O 26 Phylogeography and polyploid e
Page 29 and 30: O 28 Chromosome evolution in select
Page 31 and 32: O 30 Evolutionary-related changes i
Page 33 and 34: MOLECULAR APPROACHES IN PLANT EVOLU
Page 35 and 36: O 34 Molecular studies of Amarantha
Page 37 and 38: O 36 Comparative genomics in the Br
Page 39 and 40: O 38 How alpine landscapes and disp
Page 41 and 42: O 40 Habitat exploitation and diver
Page 43 and 44: O 42 The Andean uplift and its infl
Page 45 and 46: O 44 Glucosinolate diversity in New
Page 47 and 48: ROLE OF APOMIXIS IN PLANT EVOLUTION
Page 49 and 50: O 48 Facultative apomixis in the al
Page 51 and 52: P 01 Mediterranean vegetation and L
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P 05 A biosystematic study of biodi
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P 07 Breakdown of heterostyly and t
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P 09 Possible hybrid origin of the
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P 11 Molecular phylogenetics of fam
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P 13 Phylogeography of the arctic-a
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P 15 A preliminary approach to the
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P 17 Polyploid evolution in plants:
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P 19 Biosystematic study on the gen
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P 21 Anatomical, ecological and pal
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P 23 Seed flavonoids in some member
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P 25 The genus Onosma in the Alps V
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P 27 ENSCONET, the European Native
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P 29 Differentiaton of Salix herbac
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P 31 Mediterranean mountains: plant
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P 33 Historical-geographical backgr
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P 35 Studies of seed morphological
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P 37 Morphological traits in Dianth
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P 39 Origin and evolution of agamos
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P 41 Modeling reticulate evolution
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P 43 Biosystematic study on Oxytrop
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P 45 Phytogeographical relationship
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P 47 Systematics of Lachemilla (Ros
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P 49 Genetic variation in natural p
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P 51 Flora investigation of Ulubey
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P 53 Notes on species of Papaver (P
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P 55 Polyploidization and adaptive
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P 57 The alpine violet Viola lutea
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P 59 Variation of Pinus mugo in the
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P 61 Biogeography of tall-herb spec
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P 63 Genetic structure of endangere
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P 65 Cytogeography of the Alyssum m
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P 67 Diversity of Draba L. sect. Ai
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P 69 Alpine aromatic and medicinal
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P 71 Phylogeographic relationships
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P 73 Evolutionary Trends in Genus A
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P 75 Evolutionary processes in Sout
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CONTENS - International Organization of Plant Biosystematists

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