CONTENS - International Organization of Plant Biosystematists

More documents

Recommendations

Info

O 47 Geographic parthenogenesis and phylogeography in Hieracium alpinum L. (Asteraceae) Patrik Mráz 1,2 , Philippe Choler 1 , Jindřich Chrtek 3 , Delphine Rioux 1 & Pierre Taberlet 1 1 Université Joseph Fourier, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR UJF-CNRS 5553, PO Box 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; patrik.mraz@unifr.ch 2 University of Fribourg, Unit of Ecology and Evolution, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland 3 Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic Hieracium alpinum s.str. is an arcto-alpine species spreading from the far North (Greenland, Iceland, Scotland, Scandinavia, Northern Russia) to the southerlysituated European mountain system (Alps, Carpathians, Sudetes, Vosges, Vranica planina). While sexually reproducing diploids occur solely in the Eastern and Southern Carpathians, apomictic triploids cover the rest of the range. We used AFLP markers and ITS sequencing for inferring of genetic structure and origin of geographical parthenogenesis in this species. AFLP data suggest polytopic origin of triploid apomicts with almost no genetic relatedness to the recent diploids. Although triploid populations show usually very low genetic variation, several populations from Central Europe are very variable because they include genetically very distant clones. Past migration among different triploid populations and independent recolonization might explain the extant of genetic variation of some triploid populations in Central Europe. Northern populations consist virtually from only one or several closely related AFLP genotypes, suggesting very strong genetic bottleneck during postglacial recolonization of northern Europe. Genetic data, non-overlapping range of diploids and triploids, and occurrence of many closely-related microspecies within triploid range indicate that triploid plants of H. alpinum are likely not descendants of recent diploid populations, but rather they are remnants of extinct diploid lineages. 48
O 48 Facultative apomixis in the alpine Ranunculus kuepferi (Ranunculaceae) enhances colonization of previously glaciated areas Anne-Caroline Cosendai & Elvira Hörandl Department of Evolutionary and Systematic Botany, Faculty Center Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria, annecaroline.cosendai@univie.ac.at elvira.hoerandl@univie.ac.at Ranunculus kuepferi is distributed along the Alps, in Corsica and in the north of the Apennines. Of the three ploidy levels known (2n = 2x, 3x and 4x), the diploids occur only in the Alps Maritimes on the western border and are sexual, whereas the tetraploid apomicts (flowers, pollen and fruit irregular) are more widespread and occur also in previously glaciated areas. This general phenomenon, known as geographical parthenogenesis, sensu Hörandl (2006), is being studied on population samples out of the range of the species using molecular markers and flow cytometry. In the mixed area, the putative hybrid origin of triploids and amount of introgression of apomixis into sexuals will be analyzed. Flow cytometry revealed that triploids and pentaploids occur in the hybrid zone but some triploids and hexaploids are present in the area of tetraploid apomicts, suggesting facultative sexuality. Pseudogamous mode of reproduction of the tetraploids could be ascertained using flow cytometric seed screen (Hörandl et al. in press). Preliminary results of AFLPs show as much genetic variation within the tetraploid populations compared to the diploids, but each population has its own gene pool, suggesting founder events. Apomicts have superior colonizing abilities and grow in a broader range of altitude than the sexuals. A Mantel test computed between F ST genetic distance and the geographical distance shows a weak correlation and suggests a spread of the tetraploids in the Alps from the Alps Maritimes. Analysis of private bands suggests autopolyploid origin of tetraploids and hybridization between diploids and tetraploids. References Hörandl, E. 2006. New Phytologist 171: 525 – 38. Hörandl, E., Cosendai, A.-C. & Temsch, E. (in press) Plant Ecology and Diversity. 49
Page 1 and 2: Xth Symposium of the International
Page 3 and 4: O 02 Comparative phylogeography of
Page 5 and 6: O 04 Contrasting phylogeographies i
Page 7 and 8: O 06 Molecular phylogeography of Rh
Page 9 and 10: O 08 Phylogenetic and biogeographic
Page 11 and 12: O 10 Phytogeographical relationship
Page 13 and 14: O 12 Did vascular plants and bryoph
Page 15 and 16: O 14 Gentianella (Gentianaceae): A
Page 17 and 18: O 16 Crocus - Evolution and domesti
Page 19 and 20: O 18 Is hybridization between Pinus
Page 21 and 22: O 20 Evolutionary studies in a grou
Page 23 and 24: O 22 Polyploid evolution and ecolog
Page 25 and 26: O 24 Species delimitation in a comp
Page 27 and 28: O 26 Phylogeography and polyploid e
Page 29 and 30: O 28 Chromosome evolution in select
Page 31 and 32: O 30 Evolutionary-related changes i
Page 33 and 34: MOLECULAR APPROACHES IN PLANT EVOLU
Page 35 and 36: O 34 Molecular studies of Amarantha
Page 37 and 38: O 36 Comparative genomics in the Br
Page 39 and 40: O 38 How alpine landscapes and disp
Page 41 and 42: O 40 Habitat exploitation and diver
Page 43 and 44: O 42 The Andean uplift and its infl
Page 45 and 46: O 44 Glucosinolate diversity in New
Page 47: ROLE OF APOMIXIS IN PLANT EVOLUTION
Page 51 and 52: P 01 Mediterranean vegetation and L
Page 53 and 54: P 03 Comparative study effects of P
Page 55 and 56: P 05 A biosystematic study of biodi
Page 57 and 58: P 07 Breakdown of heterostyly and t
Page 59 and 60: P 09 Possible hybrid origin of the
Page 61 and 62: P 11 Molecular phylogenetics of fam
Page 63 and 64: P 13 Phylogeography of the arctic-a
Page 65 and 66: P 15 A preliminary approach to the
Page 67 and 68: P 17 Polyploid evolution in plants:
Page 69 and 70: P 19 Biosystematic study on the gen
Page 71 and 72: P 21 Anatomical, ecological and pal
Page 73 and 74: P 23 Seed flavonoids in some member
Page 75 and 76: P 25 The genus Onosma in the Alps V
Page 77 and 78: P 27 ENSCONET, the European Native
Page 79 and 80: P 29 Differentiaton of Salix herbac
Page 81 and 82: P 31 Mediterranean mountains: plant
Page 83 and 84: P 33 Historical-geographical backgr
Page 85 and 86: P 35 Studies of seed morphological
Page 87 and 88: P 37 Morphological traits in Dianth
Page 89 and 90: P 39 Origin and evolution of agamos
Page 91 and 92: P 41 Modeling reticulate evolution
Page 93 and 94: P 43 Biosystematic study on Oxytrop
Page 95 and 96: P 45 Phytogeographical relationship
Page 97 and 98: P 47 Systematics of Lachemilla (Ros
Page 99 and 100:
P 49 Genetic variation in natural p
Page 101 and 102:
P 51 Flora investigation of Ulubey
Page 103 and 104:
P 53 Notes on species of Papaver (P
Page 105 and 106:
P 55 Polyploidization and adaptive
Page 107 and 108:
P 57 The alpine violet Viola lutea
Page 109 and 110:
P 59 Variation of Pinus mugo in the
Page 111 and 112:
P 61 Biogeography of tall-herb spec
Page 113 and 114:
P 63 Genetic structure of endangere
Page 115 and 116:
P 65 Cytogeography of the Alyssum m
Page 117 and 118:
P 67 Diversity of Draba L. sect. Ai
Page 119 and 120:
P 69 Alpine aromatic and medicinal
Page 121 and 122:
P 71 Phylogeographic relationships
Page 123 and 124:
P 73 Evolutionary Trends in Genus A
Page 125:
P 75 Evolutionary processes in Sout
show all

CONTENS - International Organization of Plant Biosystematists

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?