Indirect Effects: Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics Ulrike Lohmann
Indirect Effects: Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics Ulrike Lohmann
Indirect Effects: Aerosol and Cloud Microphysics Ulrike Lohmann
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Outline<br />
• What are aerosol indirect effects?<br />
– Twomey effect<br />
– <strong>Cloud</strong> lifetime effect<br />
– Semi-direct effect<br />
• Evidence of the different indirect aerosol effects<br />
from field studies<br />
• Estimates of global mean indirect aerosol effects<br />
• Conclusions
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