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Watermarks - Islamic manuscripts

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Qur’an 8:1-13.<br />

The first line reads:<br />

الله ورسوله ان كنتم مومنين،‏ انما<br />

المومنون الذين<br />

One of the oldest known<br />

Qur’anic <strong>manuscripts</strong>,<br />

possibly datable to the end of<br />

the first century Hijra<br />

(beginning 8th century CE).<br />

The writing material is<br />

parchment, the backward<br />

leaning (ma’il) script is called<br />

Hijazi. It is entirely without<br />

punctuation and without<br />

vowels.<br />

Source: MS Paris, BnF, Arabe 328a, f. 40a

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