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Watermarks - Islamic manuscripts

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Complexities: Not all <strong>Islamic</strong><br />

<strong>manuscripts</strong> are always in<br />

Arabic, though written in<br />

Arabic script. Example:<br />

Fragment of an old (15thcentury<br />

CE?) text in Berber.<br />

This extremely rare (just this<br />

damaged leaf preserved!)<br />

example of a work written in<br />

Berber proves that already in<br />

the Middle Ages there was a<br />

written Berber culture. There<br />

are several words<br />

recognizable in Arabic, but<br />

the overall text is in Berber.<br />

Source: MS Leiden Or. 23.306, recto side

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