Environment challenges of LNG terminal in Klaipeda port Dr ...
Environment challenges of LNG terminal in Klaipeda port Dr ...
Environment challenges of LNG terminal in Klaipeda port Dr ...
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<strong>LNG</strong> <strong>in</strong> Lithuania: <strong>Environment</strong>al issues<br />
<strong>Dr</strong>. Nerijus Blažauskas<br />
2010-09-16, Klaipėda
OUTLINE:<br />
•Impact to <strong>Environment</strong>al components<br />
•Risk assessment<br />
•Social issues
Impact to <strong>Environment</strong>al components<br />
•Open sea<br />
•Curonian lagoon<br />
-Coasts<br />
-Bio-diversity<br />
-Water exchange
Open sea<br />
Potential Impact:<br />
Changed hydrodynamics<br />
•Sand drift along the shore<br />
•Erosion and Accumulation<br />
•Coastl<strong>in</strong>e position<br />
<strong>Dr</strong>iv<strong>in</strong>g forces:<br />
Selected approach<br />
•Location<br />
•Arrangement<br />
•Permeability <strong>of</strong> the facilities<br />
Measures needed:<br />
•Long term coast<br />
ma<strong>in</strong>tenance measures<br />
Sand drift
Curonian lagoon<br />
Potential Impact:<br />
Changed hydrodynamics<br />
•Water exchange: lagoon-sea<br />
•Erosion (<strong>in</strong>tensive currents)<br />
•Ice drift<br />
•Ecosystem changes<br />
<strong>Dr</strong>iv<strong>in</strong>g forces:<br />
Selected approach<br />
•Location<br />
•Arrangement<br />
•Proximity to the protected areas<br />
•<strong>Dr</strong>edg<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Nemunas discharge<br />
Measures needed:<br />
•Hard structures along the shore<br />
•Capital and ma<strong>in</strong>tenance dredg<strong>in</strong>g<br />
•Sea water <strong>in</strong>fluence control
Risk assessment<br />
•Explosion/fire risk<br />
•Safety zones<br />
•Activity adjustment and limitations
Uncerta<strong>in</strong>ties<br />
Ma<strong>in</strong> factors:<br />
Ma<strong>in</strong> risks:<br />
- Jet flame<br />
- Explosion<br />
Risk triggers:<br />
- Term<strong>in</strong>al Capacity<br />
- Pressure<br />
- Gas discharge<br />
- <strong>LNG</strong> Carrier (unload process)<br />
- FSRU<br />
- <strong>LNG</strong> <strong>term<strong>in</strong>al</strong> (onshore/<strong>of</strong>fshore)<br />
- Pipel<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Fire (jet flame <strong>in</strong>fluence) risk zone could reach: 250-630 m;<br />
Explosion risk zone: 1-2 km;<br />
Explosion direct impact zone: 200-300 m;<br />
Pipel<strong>in</strong>e safety corridor: 50m;<br />
Activity limitation zone: ~ 300 m.
Social issues<br />
•Development <strong>of</strong> <strong>Klaipeda</strong> City and region<br />
•Recreation<br />
•Fishery<br />
•Land property and <strong>in</strong>frastructure corridors
Social issues: land property
Social issues: compensations<br />
16<br />
15
INFRASTRUCTURE CORRIDORS: NORDBALT HVDC l<strong>in</strong>e?
Social issues<br />
Impact – strong,<br />
compensation measures will have to be<br />
foreseen.
Thank You for the attention<br />
N.Blažauskas
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