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EDUCATION UNDER ATTACK 2014<br />
buildings. In this regard, they are closer in type to<br />
attacks on teacher trade unionists.<br />
The countries with the highest number of reported<br />
attacks on higher education included Sudan and<br />
Yemen. The largest number of university students<br />
killed was reported in Yemen, where 73 higher<br />
education students were killed during the 2011<br />
uprising and 139 were injured, 38 of whom were<br />
permanently disabled as a result of their injury,<br />
according to the Wafa Organization for Martyrs’<br />
Families and Wounded Care. 93 However, it is not<br />
known how many of these killings and injuries<br />
occurred on campus or in the vicinity of universities, or<br />
because the victims were being targeted as students.<br />
By contrast in Sudan, far fewer university students<br />
were reportedly killed (15), but far more were injured<br />
(479), many when police and security forces used<br />
excessive force against students demonstrating on<br />
campus over university policies. 94<br />
The largest number of university student arrests was<br />
reported in Sudan – with more than a thousand<br />
Rescue workers and family members gather to identify<br />
the shrouded bodies of students killed during an<br />
attack on the Yobe State College of Agriculture that left<br />
some 50 students dead in Gujba, Yobe state, Nigeria,<br />
29 September 2013.<br />
© 2013 AP Photo<br />
arrested, mostly in incidents directly related to<br />
protests on education issues or carried out at<br />
university dormitories or other education facilities. 95<br />
Where killings took place, in many cases they were<br />
related to excessive use of force by security forces<br />
against student demonstrators or were targeted<br />
killings of individual academics and students. Some<br />
of the most serious incidents involved raids carried<br />
out on student dormitories or other forms of campus<br />
residence in Côte d’Ivoire, Indonesia, Iran, Nigeria,<br />
Pakistan, Sudan and Syria. 96 For instance, in<br />
September 2013, gunmen stormed a dormitory in the<br />
middle of the night at a college in Yobe, Nigeria, and<br />
opened fire, killing at least 50 students; 97 and security<br />
forces killed seven students, injured 49 and arrested<br />
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