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Ecoscenario: Yellowstone National Park 4/16/03 3:25 PM In autumn 1995, amid the protest of ranchers, 14 Canadian gray wolves were released in the Lamar Valley of Yellowstone National Park. The next year, 17 more wolves were released at Blacktail Plateau and Firehole Valley. The wolves each had a radio collar so their movements could be monitored. Art Explosion Art Explosion A wolf feeds on a deer carcass. Female wolf with pups Some people tried to stop wolf reintroduction, claiming that it was illegal. They wanted the gray wolf removed from areas in which it was released. The wolves that were released had been raised in Canada. Some people were upset that the wolves had come from so far away. In January 2000 the wolf reintroduction program was ruled legal. As of December 2001 there were about 216 wolves in the park, living in 24 packs. There are 14 breeding pairs. Usually there is one breeding pair for each pack of about ten wolves. People are also discussing whether gray wolves should file:///Ecoscenario/yellow/content.html Page 12 of 15
Ecoscenario: Yellowstone National Park 4/16/03 3:25 PM be released in other wild places in North America, such as the southern Rockies of Wyoming, Colorado, and northern Utah. THE DEBATE Before making decisions that affect an ecosystem, it is important to gather information from a variety of sources. Below are the views of several individuals or groups that have an interest in the future of the Yellowstone ecosystem. After each quote the hyperlink goes to the original source of the quote. Refer to these sites for more information. Use the information provided to decide where you stand on this debate. DEBATE: Should wolves be reintroduced to the Yellowstone ecosystem? People who support the reintroduction of wolves to the Yellowstone ecosystem Wildlife biologist "Wolves will not be a threat to humans or livestock. We won't find them hanging around the garbage dumps like bears. There are plenty of elk, and wolves are not going to be attracted to areas where people live." National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Wolf Restoration to Yellowstone "Their social structure and pack behavior minimizes their need to scavenge food or garbage available from human sources. Compared to bears, whose diet is predominantly vegetarian...The wolves' primary need is for prey, which is most likely to be elk, deer, and other ungulates in these recovery areas." http://www.nps.gov/yell/nature/animals/wolf/wolfrest.html Ecologist "The wolves have been successful in establishing territories in the park. They have become a part of their ecosystem again." National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, Wolf Restoration to Yellowstone "An estimated 20,000 park visitors have observed wolves since their return in 1995. The program's visibility has resulted in opportunities to educate audiences about predator-prey relationships, endangered species restoration, and the importance of maintaining intact ecosystems." http://www.nps.gov/yell/nature/animals/wolf/wolfrest.html Wolf researcher "The wolves are meant to be in this ecosystem. Even when we try to help them re-establish packs, they manage to do well without us." National Wildlife Federation, Rebirth of Yellowstone's Wolves: The Saga of the First Wolf Pups Born in the Region in Seven Decades "A fierce summer storm swept through the area, knocking down the holding pen's fences. Moments later, the pups fled the compound. Phillips and other Park Service staff eventually returned six of the youngsters to their mother. The other two eluded capture and soon found an adoptive parent: a year-old male from another pack called Number 8." http://www.nwf.org/nationalwildlife/1997/wolfas7.html People who oppose the reintroduction of wolves to the Yellowstone ecosystem Resident of Jackson, Wyoming "The wolves are going to get used to people and soon they will be coming into our towns looking for food. We have had this problem with coyotes in the past. It will be too dangerous for children to play outdoors." Bearman's Yellowstone Wolf Update "In the past, coyotes have been fed by visitors, only to then attack cross country skiers and sometime visitors standing near the roadway after they become habituated to humans and learn that humans often have food with them. Wolves could do the same thing, and they also will lose any fear they have of humans and leave the park, placing them in even greater danger." http://www.yellowstone-bearman.com/w_update.html CNN Interactive, Wolves' Return to Yellowstone Sparks Controversy "(Wolf) number 27 killed almost 50 sheep a few weeks ago, and had to be destroyed. The rancher who lost sheep was compensated with money from Defenders of Wildlife, a pro-wolf group." http://www.cnn.com/EARTH/9711/12/yellowstone.wolves/ file:///Ecoscenario/yellow/content.html Page 13 of 15
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