Ethiopia - Country Progress Report - unaids

Report on Progress towards Implementation of the UN Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS
Knowledge of HIV/AIDS was also disaggregated by regions in the country for further identification of particular
geographic areas requiring directed interventions. The report of the 2005 DHS shows that the level of comprehensive
knowledge in both women and men is lowest in Somali Regional State (3.9% in women and 8.5% in men) and highest
in Addis Ababa City Administration (50.1% in women and 53.8% in men). The knowledge score of women was
generally lower than men across all regions of the country, and the variation of knowledge between urban and rural
women—42.4% and 10%, respectively—was particularly large.
Although Ethiopia has a generalized HIV epidemic, there are specific groups of the population that are at higher
risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV. Recognizing this fact, Ethiopia has been conducting a periodic Behavioral
Surveillance Survey (BSS) of target population groups such as youth, uniformed forces, female sex workers, truck
drivers, teachers and industrial workers.
Although there are no comparable reports from the 2002 BSS in Ethiopia, the 2005 BSS revealed that nearly one-third
of in-school youth, female sex workers, truck drivers, teachers and road construction workers have comprehensive
level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS 21 . Pastoralists have the lowest (8.9%) level of knowledge compared to other target
population groups. Those in the uniformed services (police, ground and air forces) and factory workers have better
comprehension in both correctly identifying ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and rejecting the major
misconceptions about HIV/AIDS. Amongst youth, those attending school have a higher level of comprehension (29.5%)
than those out-of-school (17.2%). Though not exclusively mentioned, BSS 2005 has reported that the comprehensive
knowledge of HIV/AIDS for male out-of school youth is 3.5 times greater than that of female out-of-school youth.
2.4.2. Behavior
Related UNGASS indicators
Indicator # 15: Sex Before the Age of 15 Disaggregation Value Source/Year
Indicator Value: Percentage of young women and men aged 15-24 who have had
sexual intercourse before the age of 15
Numerator: Number of respondents (aged 15-24 years) who report the age at
which they first had sexual intercourse as under 15 years
Denominator: Number of all respondents aged 15-24 years
Males
Females
Males
Females
Males
Females
1.7%
15.8%
41
918
2,399
5,813
Indicator # 16: Higher-risk Sex Disaggregation Value Source/Year
Indicator Value: Percentage of women and men aged 15-49 who have had sexual
intercourse with more than one partner in the last 12 months
Numerator: Number of respondents/population aged 15-49 who have had sexual
intercourse with more than one partner in the last 12 months
Denominator: Number of all respondents aged 15-49
Males
Females
Males
Females
Males
Females
2.4%
0.1%
131
14
5,464
14,070
Indicator # 17: Condom Use During Higher-risk Sex Disaggregation Value Source/Year
Indicator Value: Percentage of women and men aged 15-49 who have had more
Males 8.5% DHS 2005
during their last sexual intercourse 22
than one sexual partner in the past 12 months reporting the use of a condom
Numerator: Number of respondents/population (aged 1549) who reported having
had more than one sexual partner in the last 12 months who also reported that a
condom was used the last time they had sex
Denominator: Number of respondents/population (1549) who reported having
had more than one sexual partner in the last 12 months
Males 11
Males 129
DHS
2005
DHS
2005
continued...
21 National HAPCO, Second “Annual HIV/AIDS Monitoring and Evaluation Report – Ethiopia”, 2006/07
14