Ethiopia - Country Progress Report - unaids
Ethiopia - Country Progress Report - unaids
Ethiopia - Country Progress Report - unaids
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<strong>Report</strong> on <strong>Progress</strong> towards Implementation of the UN Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS<br />
3.2.1.5. Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT)<br />
Related UNGASS Indicator<br />
Indicator # 5: Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Disaggregation Value Source/Year<br />
Indicator Value: Percentage of HIV infected pregnant women who received<br />
antiretroviral drugs to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission<br />
All 6.48%<br />
Numerator: Number of HIV infected pregnant women who received antiretrovirals<br />
during the last 12 months to reduce mother-to-child transmission<br />
Denominator: Estimated number of HIV infected pregnant women in the last 12<br />
months<br />
All 4,888 HAPCO<br />
M&E Dept<br />
2008<br />
All 75,420 Single point<br />
estimate,<br />
2007<br />
A national PMTCT Guideline was issued in late 2001, and the program started to scale up in 2003. The National ARV<br />
Guideline, which was endorsed in 2003 and subsequently revised in 2004, promotes the free provision of PMTCT<br />
drugs to pregnant women who test positive. In 2006, 3.24% of HIV infected pregnant women received antiretroviral<br />
drugs to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission. In 2007, coverage increased to 7.03%.<br />
With initiation at four selected sites in 2001/02, the number of facilities providing the service has shown significant<br />
increase. Facilities providing PMTCT services have increased from 32 in 2004/05 to 184 in 2005/06, and by the end of<br />
December 2007, 428 facilities were providing ANC and the basic minimum package of PMTCT services (see Figure<br />
12) 34 . From January to December 2007, 454,407 pregnant women visited ANC clinics. Among these, 241,945 (53.2%)<br />
received pretest counseling and 157,919 (34.8%) were tested for HIV 35 . Out of those tested, 7,317 women were found<br />
to be HIV-positive, and 4,888 received antiretrovirals to reduce the risk of mother-to-child-transmission. After child<br />
birth, 3,031 infants born to HIV-infected women received ARVs for PMTCT 36 . Uptake of Nevirapine has shown an<br />
almost twofold increase from 2005/06 to 2006/07 (2.09% and 9.7%, respectively) 37 . This is a significant improvement<br />
in program performance compared to previous years and the expectation is that the service provision will increase<br />
with the expansion of the service to more health facilities.<br />
PMTCT Site Expansion<br />
450<br />
400<br />
350<br />
408<br />
300<br />
250<br />
200<br />
150<br />
100<br />
50<br />
32<br />
184<br />
0<br />
2005 2006 2007<br />
Figure 12. PMTCT Site Expansion<br />
Source: HAPCO: The Multisectoral Plan of Action for Universal Access to HIV Prevention, Treatment, Care and Support in <strong>Ethiopia</strong> 2007 – 2010<br />
However, the ANC coverage in the country is far lower than national targets, and in most settings ANC and PMTCT are<br />
not strongly linked. Surveys have demonstrated a very low level of awareness and knowledge about the possibility of<br />
HIV transmission from infected mother-to-child, with most people not being aware of the existence of antiretroviral<br />
medication to reduce the risk of transmission. Thus, HIV counseling and testing utilization in pregnant women is<br />
poor thus far. Recent Health Facility Survey data regarding the percentage of facilities providing PMTCT services is<br />
34 HAPCO, UNICEF, WHO; PMTCT and Pediatric HIV Care <strong>Report</strong> Card, January 2008.<br />
35 Ibid.<br />
36 Ibid.<br />
37 FHAPCO: Annual HIV/AIDS Monitoring and Evaluation <strong>Report</strong>, 2006/07.<br />
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