Muscular system

• Fishes:
Appendicular musculature
– Muscles develop from myotomes + somatic hypomere.
• Hypaxial musculature.
– Steering, balance, orientation.
• Extend (abduct) or flex (adduct) fins.
• Tetrapods:
– Muscles form within limb buds.
• Mostly from somatic hypomere.
• Some from branchiomeric musculature (trapezius,
mastoid).
• Some from axial musculature (serratus, levator
scapulae, rhomboideus).
– Locomotion.
• Complicated limb movements.