SAPEM Chapter 2 - Sanral

South African Pavement Engineering Manual
Chapter 2: Pavement Composition and Behaviour
Geotextile
Seal
Split Seal
stone
penetration coat
thin layer of aggregate
tack coat
existing substrate
3 rd layer - stone
penetration coat
2 nd layer - stone
1 st layer stone
tack coat
existing substrate
Choked
Seal
2 nd layer - stone
1 st layer stone
tack coat
existing substrate
Inverted
double
seal
2nd layer - stone
penetration coat
1 st layer stone
tack coat
existing substrate
Graded
aggregate
seals
(Otta)
sand
tack coat
graded aggregate
tack coat
existing substrate
Figure 12. Schematic Illustrations of Seal Types (b)
6.1.2 Rigid Pavements
In South Africa and overseas, a number of concrete
pavement types have been constructed, and are
illustrated in Figure 13. The following types, which
differ only by the crack control criteria, are the most
common concrete road pavements in South Africa.
Jointed unreinforced (plain) concrete
Continuously reinforced concrete pavement
(CRCP)
Ultra-thin concrete pavement (UTCP)
Concrete Pavements
Good references for concrete pavements are:
Fulton’s Concrete Technology. 2009. 9th edition,
Cement & Concrete Institute.
Concrete Road Construction. 2009. Cement and
Concrete Institute (C&CI).
In SAPEM, concrete pavements are discussed in:
Chapter 3, Materials Testing: Section 5.1
Chapter 4, Standards: Section 5.1
Chapter 9, Materials Utilisation and Design:
Section 12
Chapter 10, Pavement Design, Sections 2.2 and 8
Chapter 12, Construction Equipment and Method
Guidelines: Sections 2.9, 3.12 and 4.2
Chapter 13, Quality Management: Section 8
Chapter 14, Post-Construction, Section 3.2
Section 6: Pavement Types
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