download full issue - Our Dermatology Online Journal

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Outbreaks have occurred recently in the Asia-Pacific region: Malaysia (2000-2003), Taiwan (1998-2005), Singapore (2000), Brunei (2006), Thailand (2008-2009), Korea (2008- 2009), and Hong Kong (2008) [5]. The viruses implicate in HMFD spread by fecal-oral and respiratory routes,the contamination of other family members commonly occurs and the reinfection within the same family was recently described. There is usually a prodrome consisting of low-grade or even high fever (especially in small children), anorexia, sore mouth, and malaise. Children younger than 5 years are most commonly affected. Oral lesions occur chiefly on the anterior buccal mucosa and tongue, where the vesicles transform rapidly in superficial ulcers with erythematous bordersand sometimes very painful. The lesions on the palms and soles are papules or vesicles on a surrounding zone of erythema. Less commonly, the dorsal or lateral surfaces of the hands and feet may also been affected [6]. Involvement of the buttocks is common in small children. The eruptions are nonpruritic and usually resolve without crusting. Onycomadesis is considered a more severe form of Beau lines. The definition of onycomadesis is: the separation of nail plate from nail bed starting at the proximal end and resulting in shedding of the nail. Onycomadesis is a silent sign of HFMD that can appear a few weeks after the viral infection [7,8]. The viral determination from stool, pharynx and vesicle is the mainstay of the diagnosis, although,because of the high price of these methods (not to mention the newest RT-PCR), the diagnosis is established in most cases by clinical grounds. Enteroviruses persist 1-4 weeks in the naso-pharynx and 1-18 weeks in the stool [9,10] We confrunted during summer-autumn 2012 with many cases, especially in children,but not rare in adults too. It was quite unusual to see so many different and interesting cases in a part of Europe (north-eastern of Romania) where we were used to diagnose one or two cases per year, or even in a few years. We were teaching our residents about this disease using pictures from books or from articles published in the last years, mostly in Asia. All our cases were not severe, with no complications, a 6-10 days evolution, high contagiosity among children; the diagnosis was only clinical, no virology tests were performed; with different and sometimes atypical picture, with all the laboratory parameters within normal limits. REFERENCES 1. Brzeziński P, Pessoa L, Galvão V, Barja Lopez JM, Adaskevich U, Niamba PA, et al: Dermatology Eponyms – Sign – Lexicon – (H). Our Dermatol Online. 2013;4:130-43. 2. Javed M: Clinical spectrum of neonatal skin disorders at Hamdard University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Our Dermatol Online. 2012;3:178-80. 3. Lee M-S, Tseng F-Ch, Wang J-R, Chi Ch-Y, Chong P, Su1 I-J: Challenges to Licensure of Enterovirus 71 Vaccines. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6:e1737. 4. Guan D, van der Sanden S, Zeng H, Li W, Zheng H, Ma C, et al: Population Dynamics and Genetic Diversity of C4 Strains of Human Enterovirus 71 in Mainland China, 1998–2010. PLoS One. 2012;7:e44386. 5. Huang YC, Chu YH, Yen TY, Huang WC, Huang LM, Cheng AL, et al: Clinical features and phylogenetic analysis of Coxsackievirus A9 in Northern Taiwan in 2011. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13:33. 6. Toya M, Endo Y, Tanizaki H, Fujisawa A, Tanioka M, Miyachi Y: An adult case of severe hand-foot-mouth disease accompanying persistent fever and systemic arthritis. Dermatol Online J. 2012;18:14. 7. Hoy NY, Leung AK, Metelitsa AI, Adams S: New concepts in median nail dystrophy, onychomycosis, and hand, foot, and mouth disease nail pathology. ISRN Dermatol. 2012;2012:680163. 8. Clementz GC, Mancini AJ: Nail matrix arrest following handfoot-mouth disease. Pediatr Dermatol. 2000;17:7-11. 9. Li J, Lin C, Qu M, Li X, Gao Z, Zhang X, et al: Excretion of enterovirus 71 in persons infected with hand, foot and mouth disease. Virol J. 2013;10:31. 10. Khanh TH, Sabanathan S, Thanh TT, Thoa le PK, Thuong TC, Hang Vt, et al: Enterovirus 71-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease, 10. Southern Vietnam, 2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18:2002-5. Figure 7. Onycomadesis in a small child (proximal separation of the nail plate from the nail bed with the shedding of the nail). Copyright by Anca Chiriac, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. © Our Dermatol Online 2.2013 229
Review Article DOI: 10.7241/ourd.20132.57 CLAVES PARA EL DIAGNÓSTICO DERMATOPATOLÓGICO DE LOS QUISTES CUTÁNEOS DERMATOPATHOLOGICAL CLUES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SKIN CYSTS Beatriz Di Martino Ortiz Source of Support: Nil Competing Interests: None Cátedra de Dermatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Paraguay Corresponding author: Dr. Beatriz Di Martino Ortiz beatrizdimartino@gmail.com Our Dermatol Online. 2013; 4(2): 230-236 Date of submission: 11.11.2012 / acceptance: 12.12.2012 Resumen Los quistes cutáneos son patologías frecuentes en la práctica dermatológica. Tienen etiologías variadas, y aunque la mayoría son adquiridos también pueden representar un fenómeno determinado genéticamente. Pueden ser esporádicos o aparecer de forma familiar. Son clínicamente fáciles de diagnosticar como “quistes”, pero el diagnóstico de certeza es estrictamente anatomo-patológico, ya que los mismos se nombran por el tipo de epitelio que los reviste, los elementos que se observan en sus paredes y en su interior. Los pacientes con quistes consultan por preocupaciones cosméticas o debido a las molestias de la irritación mecánica o inflamación del quiste. Las lesiones pueden ser proliferantes e incluso pueden desarrollarse tumores a partir del epitelio. Hacemos una breve revisión de los quistes y pseudoquistes cutáneos más importantes y presentamos tres casos clínicos. Abstract Skin cysts are common conditions in dermatology practice. They have varied etiologies, and while most are acquired they may also represent a genetically determined phenomenon. They can be sporadic or familial. They are easily diagnosed clinically as „cysts”, but the definitive diagnosis is strictly pathological, since they are named for the type of epithelial lining, the elements seen in the walls and the elements inside. Patients with cysts consult for cosmetic concerns and for inconvenience caused by mechanical irritation or inflammation of the cyst. The lesions may proliferate and even tumors may develop from the epithelial coating. We briefly review the most important skin cysts and pseudocysts and present three clinical cases. Palabras clave: quiste; pseudoquiste; quiste epidérmico; quiste triquilemal; esteatocistoma Key words: cyst; pseudocyst epidermal cyst; trichilemmal cyst; steatocystoma Cite this article: Beatriz Di Martino Ortiz: Claves para el diagnóstico dermatopatológico de los quistes cutáneos. Our Dermatol Online. 2013; 4(2): 230-236. Introducción Se define como quiste a una cavidad de contenido líquido o semi-sólido revestida por epitelio [1]. Su apariencia clínica no es específica por lo que su diagnóstico de certeza es estrictamente anatomo-patológico y se los designa según el tipo de epitelio que tapiza sus paredes. En general los quistes cutáneos se hallan revestidos por un solo tipo de epitelio, el cual suele ser en la mayoría de los casos de tipo escamoso estratificado. Existen algunos casos en que se pueden presentar más de un tipo de epitelio de revestimiento y en ese caso se denominan híbridos. Se diferencian de los pseudoquistes en que éstas son lesiones que forman cavidades que carecen de revestimiento epitelial. Un seno es un trayecto tapizado por epitelio o recubierto por tejido de granulación, de origen malformativo o inflamatorio, y una hendidura es pequeña depresión en la superficie epidérmica. Los quistes cutáneos se originan de las diversas porciones de los anexos, ya sean las unidades pilosebáceas o las glándulas sudoríparas. En un breve repaso de la anatomía de los anejos cutáneos, la unidad pilosebácea recordemos se divide en tres porciones: 1. Infundibular: entre el ostium folicular y la glándula sebácea. De esta porción derivan el quiste epidérmico, de milium, folicular pigmentado y de pelo velloso. 2. Istmica: entre la glándula sebácea y la inserción del músculo piloerector. De esta porción derivan el quiste triquilemal y el esteatocistoma. 3. Inferior: entre la inserción del músculo piloerector y la papila dérmica del pelo. De las porciones secretora y excretora de las glándulas sudoríparas ecrinas y apocrinas se originan los hidrocistomas. Solo en muy escasas ocasiones los quistes se originan a causa de alteraciones del desarrollo. 230 © Our Dermatol Online 2.2013 www.odermatol.com
Page 1 and 2:
Volume 4, Number 2, April 2013 ISSN
Page 3:
Editorial Board: Abdel-Naser Mohame
Page 6 and 7:
CONTENTS E d i t o r i a l O r i g
Page 8 and 9:
Original Article DOI: 10.7241/ourd.
Page 10 and 11:
Figure 1. Survival time of HIV/TB-
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Figure 3. A. melanocytic naevus on
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
82% of the children belonged to the
Page 20 and 21:
Comment to the article DOI: 10.7241
Page 22 and 23:
The skin around body openings such
Page 24 and 25:
Figure 1. Finger nail dystrophy in
Page 26 and 27:
Comment to the article DOI: 10.7241
Page 28 and 29:
Similar type of rash was also prese
Page 30 and 31:
13. Mastaglia FL, Ojeda VJ: Inflamm
Page 32 and 33:
Figure 1. Atrophic areas on left up
Page 34 and 35:
5. Brocard A, Quereux G, Moyse D, D
Page 36 and 37:
Figure 1. Macroglossia Figure 2. Ma
Page 38 and 39: Case Report DOI: 10.7241/ourd.20132
Page 40 and 41: Figure 4a, b. Skin biopsy shows hyp
Page 46 and 47: Discussion Poikiloderma of Civatte
Page 50 and 51: Comment to the article DOI: 10.7241
Page 52 and 53: Case Report A 56 year old Caucasian
Page 54 and 55: Using a battery of neurotoxic agent
Page 56 and 57: Figure 1. Multiple lesions on the u
Page 60 and 61: Figure 1. a PAS positive accentuati
Page 62 and 63: The patient was put on melanocyl 0.
Page 66 and 67: The type of treatment prescribed by
Page 68 and 69: On the basis of these clinical find
Page 70 and 71: Surgery has been reported to be the
Page 72 and 73: Figure 1. Histological section show
Page 76 and 77: Discussion The breast location of t
Page 78 and 79: Figure 2. The epithelial nests show
Page 82 and 83: Discussion SCACP is one of the cuta
Page 84 and 85: Figure 1. Tumor of the nasal colume
Page 86 and 87: Figure 2. Vesicles and crusts aroun
Page 90 and 91: Clasificación En base al epitelio
Page 92 and 93: - Microcefalia, hipoplasia mediofac
Page 94 and 95: Caso Nº 3: · Niña, edad desconoc
Page 96 and 97: Clinical Images DOI: 10.7241/ourd.2
Page 98 and 99: Figure 7. Fixed cutaneous sporotric
Page 100 and 101: Letter to the Editor DOI: 10.7241/o
Page 102 and 103: Historical Article DOI: 10.7241/our
Page 104 and 105: Figure 6. Henri Mondor (1885-1962).
Page 108 and 109: Figure 5. Alfred Guido Miescher (18
Page 112 and 113: Names of ''Lines'', in dermatology
Page 114 and 115: Figure 1. Erik Adolf von Willebrand
Page 116 and 117: THOMAS INMAN English physician, 182
Page 118 and 119: There are three type of tinea capit
Page 120: Our Dermatology Online www.odermato
show all

download full issue - Our Dermatology Online Journal

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?