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Fundamentals of Private Equity and Venture Capital - PEI Media

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Contents<br />

About the author<br />

iv<br />

Getting the most out <strong>of</strong> this module 5<br />

Introduction 5<br />

Aftercare 5<br />

Protecting value 5<br />

Reporting structure 6<br />

Modern trends in reporting 6<br />

Informal reporting 6<br />

Board structure <strong>and</strong> composition 7<br />

Executive directors 7<br />

Non-executive directors 7<br />

Representing the investor 7<br />

Monitoring progress <strong>and</strong> performance 7<br />

Contributing to growth <strong>and</strong> development 8<br />

Characteristics <strong>of</strong> the effective non-executive 8<br />

Board committees 8<br />

The chairman <strong>and</strong> board meetings 8<br />

Operating partners 9<br />

Aftercare – who does it 9<br />

Underperformance 10<br />

Causes <strong>of</strong> underperformance 10<br />

Addressing underperformance 10<br />

Anticipation 10<br />

Analysis 10<br />

Action 11<br />

Follow-on investments 11<br />

Fund reporting 11<br />

Annual report 11<br />

Valuation 12<br />

The valuation process 12<br />

Calculating the enterprise value 12<br />

The multiple 13<br />

The earnings figure 13<br />

EBITDA multiples 13<br />

Early stage companies 13<br />

Calculating the value <strong>of</strong> the fund’s investment 13<br />

Structuring issues 14<br />

Exits 14<br />

Types <strong>of</strong> exit 15<br />

Stock market flotation (IPO) 16<br />

The secondary buyout 17<br />

Re-leveraging 17<br />

Summary 18<br />

COPYING WITHOUT PERMISSION IS UNLAWFUL<br />

THE FUNDAMENTALS OF PRIVATE EQUITY iii

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