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Box 2.8. The Column Model In case of doubt, the immediate higher level of classification should be systematically selected. Risks: level/type Very high High Medium Low Negligible Acute health hazards (single affection) R26, R27, R28, R32 R23, R24, R25, R29, R31, R32, R42, R43 R20, R21, R22, R34, R41, R64, R36, R37, R38, R65, R66, R67 Chronic health hazards (repeated affection) R45, R49 R33, R40, R60, R61, R68 R63 Others (no R-Phrase associate, but hazardous Harmless substances by experience (e.g. sugar, water, paraffin and similar) Environmental Hazards R50, R51, R53, R54, R55, R56, R57, R58, R59 R52, R53 R10 Fire and explosion hazards R2, R3,R12, R17 R1, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11, R15, R16, R18, R19, R30, R44 Hardly flammable substances/ preparations (55-100°C) Inflammable or very hardly flammable substances/ preparations (100°C) Exposure potential • Gases; • Liquids which evaporate at room temperature; • Dust producing solids; • Aerosols. Liquids which evaporate between 30 and 50°C Liquids which evaporate between 50 and 150°C Liquids which evaporate at more than 150°C Liquids which evaporate at more than 200°C Hazards caused by procedure • Open processing; • Possibility of direct skin contact; • Application on large area. Closed processing but exposure possibilities e.g. when filling sampling or cleaning • Tightly closed equipment; • Closed equipment, with exhaust facilities at points of emission. Source: Based on the classification provided by Berufsgenossenschaftliches Institut für Arbeitssicherheit (BIA) www.hvbg.de/bia 72
What to do? 1. Check the hazard potential of the existing chemical substances (see as an example annex 2 card 4); 2. Carry out regular inspections with standard checklists for particular chemicals and chemical processes; 3. Investigate workers’ complaints; 4. Use accident and sickness records; 5. Survey regularly workers’ health; 6. Monitor environmental and biological parameters; 7. Investigate the causes of accidents and their prevention; and 8. Develop a workplace chemical register. 73
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Sound and Sustainable Management of
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SOUND AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF
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Training Manual Prepared by the Int
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UNEP Review / Editon Team: • Oliv
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BACKGROUND The Training Manual on S
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NOTES: 10
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world. According to the Internation
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(f) capacity for rehabilitation of
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MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMICALS
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There are different international i
Page 23 and 24: PHYSICAL HAZARDS The physico-chemic
Page 25 and 26: Although some chemicals are less ha
Page 27 and 28: Below are listed some of the most t
Page 29 and 30: These effects may appear at extreme
Page 31 and 32: LD 50 (lethal dose) refers to the a
Page 33 and 34: accumulative substances (TPB). For
Page 35 and 36: Box 1.8. Asbestos: the world’s bi
Page 37 and 38: • Dermal absorption: skin contact
Page 39 and 40: • The nervous system is sensitive
Page 41 and 42: ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 43 and 44: fall on earth as rain, snow, mist,
Page 45 and 46: maximum “tolerable” levels. Add
Page 47 and 48: • Substitution of equipment and p
Page 49 and 50: The production and use of chemicals
Page 51 and 52: Box 1.15. Clean Production Cleaner
Page 53 and 54: Module 1 references Official websit
Page 57 and 58: MODULE 2: SAFE USE OF CHEMICALS IN
Page 59 and 60: Box 2.1. Collective agreements and
Page 61 and 62: In this case, they should first ide
Page 63 and 64: Manufacturers and suppliers, in par
Page 65 and 66: Every chemical container in the wor
Page 67 and 68: 14. Transport information: provides
Page 69 and 70: In drafting this list, workers and
Page 71 and 72: The risk factors, i.e. the conditio
Page 73: Unit 3: IS YOUR JOB PUTTING YOU AT
Page 77 and 78: Box 2.9. Benefits associated with r
Page 79 and 80: A personal protective equipment pro
Page 81 and 82: Several factors need to be taken in
Page 83 and 84: When a spillage occurs, suitable pr
Page 85 and 86: Unit 5: SAFE CHEMICALS - SAFE PRODU
Page 87 and 88: Questions to raise, among others:
Page 89 and 90: Box 2.16. Informative matrix on the
Page 91 and 92: Unit 6: KEEP AN EYE ON WHAT IS HAPP
Page 93 and 94: A chemical leak or spill can have d
Page 95: NOTES: 93
Page 98 and 99: UN RECOMMENDED SYMBOLS FOR THE TRAN
Page 100 and 101: R 22 R 23 R 23/24 R 23/24/25 R 23/2
Page 102 and 103: still appear in cards not modified
Page 104 and 105: R 68/21/22 R 68/22 Harmful: possibl
Page 106 and 107: S 34 S 35 S 36 S 36/37 S 36/37/39 S
Page 108 and 109: Annex 2: CARDS The following cards
Page 110 and 111: Card 4 - Risk evaluation On a scale
Page 112 and 113: 9. Have you suffered or are you suf
Page 114 and 115: 7. Are workers told of the hygienic
Page 116 and 117: Annex 4: EXAMPLE OF A BASIC CARD TO
Page 118 and 119: 116
Page 120 and 121: Unit 1: INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE OF
Page 122 and 123: The main working areas are Occupati
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In the late 1980s, a tightening of
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Likewise, old ships are exported to
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What still needs to be done… 42 T
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Examples of substances regulated…
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national policy of chemical safety
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It is important, then, to demand th
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What still needs to be done… REAC
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Social dialogue, which includes all
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Box 3.10. ITUC Annual Survey of vio
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Box 3.14. Successful alliances on p
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Collective bargaining serves a dual
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Module 3 references Official websit
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EP 05/08#2008-40693
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