IWMP-3 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State

Detail project Report- Anand-2 Project 

IWMP-3 

Project Implementing Agency: 

SOCIAL FORESTRY DIVISION 

211, Seva Sadan 

Anand-388001 

Gujarat, INDIA

CHAPTER -1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 14 

1.1 Project Background .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 17 

Table no. 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed .............................................................................................................................................................. 18 

Table no.3: Watershed information ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 

1.3 Other developmental projects/schemes running in the ANAND-2 Project ....................................................................................................................................... 20 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: ................................................................................................................................................... 20 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 

CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY .............................................................................................................................................................................. 22 

2.1. Project Implementing Agency ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23 

2.2 About District Forest Office, Anand .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23 

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 

2.2.2 Programmes/projects of District Forest Office, Anand: .................................................................................................................................................................. 24 

Gujarat State Watershed Management Agency, Gandhinagar Page 10

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the District Forest Office: .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 24 

2.3.1 Strength: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 

2.3.2 Weakness: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 24 

2.3.3 Opportunities: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 

2.3.4 Threats: ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 

CHAPTER – 3 BASIC INFORMATION OF THE PROJECT AREA ......................................................................................................................................................... 27 

3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 

3.1.1 Land use pattern: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 

3.1.2 Soil and topography: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 30 

3.1.3 Land and Agriculture: ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 

3.1.4 Livestock: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 

3.2. Socio-Economic Profile .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 

3.2.1 Demographic Status: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 36 

3.2.2 Migration Pattern:............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38 

3.2.3 Infrastructure facilities: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 

3.3. Livelihood pattern: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40 

3.3.1 Dependence on Common Property Resource ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 

3.4. Comparative data of the crop productivity of the area: project area vs. District vs. State vs. Country vs. World: ............................................................ 42 


CHAPTER – 4 WATERSHED ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 45 

4.1. Scientific Planning: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 46 

4.2. Institution building.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50 

4.2.1 Watershed Committee (WC)......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 50 

4.2.2 Self Help Group .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 55 

4.2.3 User Group: .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 57 

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP-3, ANAND-2 ............................................................................................................................................................ 58 

4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA).............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 58 

4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 59 

4.4. Capacity Building: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 76 

CHAPTER – 5 BUDGETING .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 79 


CHAPTER – 6 EXPECTED OUTCOMES ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 83 

6.1 Expected Outcomes .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 84 

6.1.1 Employment ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 84 

6.1.2.Migration .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 85 

6.1.3 Ground water table .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 85 

6.1.4 Drinking water ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 86 

6.1.5 Crops ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 87 

6.1.6 Horticulture ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 87 

6.1.7 Vegetative cover ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 88 

6.1.8 Livestock ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 88 

6.2 Logical Framework Analysis ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 90 

CHAPTER -7 QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES ...................................................................................................................................................................... 94 

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 95 

7.2 Plans for Project management: ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 96 

7.3 Watershed Development Fund: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 96 

7.4 User Charges: .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 96 

CHAPTER -8 MAPS ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 97 


CHAPTER -1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 


1.1 Project Background 

ANAND - 2 (IWMP-3) project is located at ANAND Taluka of Anand District of Gujarat State. The project is cluster of three micro-watersheds with 

5E1C2a1, 5E1C1b2, 5E1C1b3 as their respective codes. The total project area of the watershed is about 3592.2 ha. of which 3272.7 is proposed to be treated 

under Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP). 

The nearest town is ANAND which is about 20 km from Vahrakhadi well connected by pucca road. The project area lies in the edge of ravines of Mahisagar 

river. Chauhan, Patel, Parmar, Thakor, Bhoi, Rohit and Harijans, Padhiyar are the primary inhibitant of the village. The livelihood is primarily based on 

agriculture, wage labour and livestock farming. 

Table no.1: Basic project information 

S. 

No. 

1 

Name of the 

project 

Name 

Villages 

C2k code 

Gram 

Panchayats 

VAHRAKHADI 241500040105670000 VAHRAKHADI 

2 ANKALVADI 241500040105760000 ANKALVADI 

ANAND - 2 

3 RAJUPURA 241500040105770000 RAJUPURA 

Taluka 

District 

Area of the 

project 

ANAND ANAND 3592.2 

Area 

proposed to 

be treated 

1238.5 

435.8 

337.6 

Total 

project 

cost 

392.74 

(lakh) 

PIA 

Forest 

Office, 

Anand 

4 VASAD 241500040105780000 VASAD 

1260.9 

Total 

3272.8 


Figure 1: Geographic location of ANAND-2 


1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme 

Watershed Development Programme is prioritised on the basis of thirteen parameters namely Poverty Index, Percentage of SC/ST, Actual wages, 

Percentage of small and marginal farmers, Ground water status, Moisture Index, Area under rain fed agriculture, Drinking water situation in the area, 

Percentage of the degraded land, Productivity potential of the land, Continuity of another watershed that has already developed/treated, Cluster approach for 

plain or for hilly terrain. Based on these thirteen parameters a composite ranking was given to ANAND-2 Watershed project as given in table no. 2. 

The total number of families under BPL is 1842 which is more than 20 per cent of the total households of the village. Hence a score of 5 is allotted. 

The percentage of schedule castes and schedule tribes in the village is about 0.12 percent to the total population; hence a score of 3 was allotted. More than 

60 per cent of the farmers are small and marginal by nature and the actual wages earned by the labour is less than the minimum wages hence a composite 

rank of 5, 3 and 5 are allotted respectively. 

Since the rainfall received is uncertain and irregular, the moisture index is medium and the area is classified under IWDP block. Majority of land 

is degraded due to heavy ravines. The soil is very permeable and production of the land can be significantly enriched with the availability of timely 

irrigation. ANAND-2 watershed falls in continuity with other proposed (2010-11) watersheds. Thus a cumulative score of 70. 

All the parameters taken together give a cumulative score of 70 to the watershed (reference Table 2.1 below). 

Table no. 2: Weightage of the project 

Project 

name 

IWMP -3 

Project 

type 

OTHERS 

Weightage 

i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii Xiii Total 

5 3 5 5 2 10 5 5 10 5 10 5 0 70 


Table no. 2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed 

S. 

No 

. 

i 

Criteria 

Maximum 

score 

Ranges & scores 

Poverty index (% of poor 

to population) 

5 Above 80 % (10) 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20 % (5) Below 20 

% (2.5) 

ii % of SC/ ST population 3 More than 40 % (10) 20 to 40 % (5) Less than 20 % (3) 

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages are 

significantly lower than 

minimum wages (5) 

Actual wages are equal 

to or higher than 

minimum wages (0) 

iv % of small and marginal 5 More than 80 % (10) 50 to 80 % (5) Less than 50 % (3) 

farmers 

v Ground water status 2 Over exploited (5) Critical (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0) 

vi Moisture index/ 

DPAP/ DDP Block 

15 -66.7 & below (15) 

DDP Block 

-33.3 to -66.6 (10) 

DPAP Block 

0 to -33.2 (0) 

Non DPAP/ DDP Block 

vii Area under rain-fed 

agriculture 

15 More than 90 % (15) 80 to 90 % (10) 70 to 80% (5) Above 70 

% (Reject) 

viii Drinking water 10 No source (10) Problematic village (7.5) Partially covered (5) Fully 

covered (0) 

ix Degraded land 15 High – above 20 % (15) Medium – 10 to 20 % 

(10) 

Low- less than 10 % of 

TGA (5) 

x Productivity potential of 

the land 

15 Lands with low production 

& where productivity can be 

significantly enhanced with 

reasonable efforts (15) 

Lands with moderate 

production & where 

productivity can be 

enhanced with 

reasonable efforts (10) 

Lands with high 

production & where 

productivity can be 

marginally enhanced 

with reasonable efforts 

(5) 


xi 

Contiguity to another 

watershed that has already 

been developed/ treated 

xii Cluster approach in the 

plains (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the project) 

xiii Cluster approach in the 

hills (more than one 

contiguous microwatersheds 

in the project) 

10 Contiguous to previously 

treated watershed & 

contiguity within the 

microwatersheds in the 

project (10) 

15 Above 6 micro-watersheds 

in cluster (15) 

15 Above 5 micro-watersheds 


Contiguity within the 


project but non 

contiguous to previously 

treated watershed (5) 

4 to 6 microwatersheds 




Neither contiguous to 

previously treated 

watershed nor 

contiguity within the 


project (0) 





Total 110 150 90 41 2.5 

Table no.3: Watershed information 

Name of the project No. of watersheds to be treated Watershed code Watershed regime/type/order 

IWMP 3 – ANAND-2 3 5E1C2a1a, 5E1C1b2#, 5E1C1b3# Mini Watershed 


1.3 Other developmental projects/schemes running in the ANAND-2 Project 

This village being very back ward, has been on top priority of a number of developmental projects. These programmes are Mahatma Gandhi National Rural 

Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY), Indira Awas Yojana 

(IAY) and Sardar Awas Yojana (SAY). 

ii. 

iii. 

i. MGNREGS: Construction of check dams, deepening of village pond, bori bunds and afforestation activities has been taken-up under MGNREGA. 

iv. 

Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC): Individual toilets are constructed under TSC programme. Moreover compost kit is also given in the villages. 

Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) – Many families are linked with bank and given loan for various purposes like animal husbandry 

and to start up small scale livelihood projects. 

Awas Yojana: (Total 381 house have been constructed in the Anand-2watershed under various Awas Yojana (in which under Indira Awas Yojana= 

147, sardar Awas Yojana =234) 

Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area: 

S 

no 


programme/scheme 

1 MGNREGS 

2 IAY 

3 SAY 

Sponsoring agency 

Rural Development 

Dept. 


Dept. 


Dept. 

Objectives of the 

programme/scheme 

Year of 

commencement 

Villages covered 

Estimated number of 

beneficiaries 

Employment 2009 10 745 

Housing 2005 10 2768 

Housing 2005 10 2413 

Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area 

S. 

No 

Project 

name 

Year 

started 

Name 

of 

villages 

No. of 

micro 

watershed 

Watershed 

codes 

Area 

under 

treatment 

Funding 

source 

N/A 

Nodal 

agency 

PIA 

Total cost 

Expenditure 

incurred up 

to start of 

IWMP 

% financial 

completion 

% physical 

completion 


Figure 2, A Synoptic View of ANAND-2 

Loss of whole farm land due to heavy erosion in monsoon of 2010. 


CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY 


2.1. Project Implementing Agency 

The Project Implementing Agencies (PIA) is selected by an appropriate mechanism by Gujarat State Watershed Management Agency (GSWMA), the State 

Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) for Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) in Gujarat. The PIAs are responsible for implementation of 

watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous organizations under State/ Central Governments, Government 

Institutes/ Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayats, Voluntary Organizations (VOs). The PIA for Anand-2watershed Project is District Forest Office, 

Anand. 

2.2 About District Forest Office, Anand 

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives: 

The District Forest Office, Anand is a nodal agency and was established in 2002 to oversee the Forest security, new plantation, nursery, and to give averness 

of global worming effect in the district. The District Development Officer (DDO) is the chairman of the IWMP. The District Forest Office, has dedicated 

and experienced staff comprising one D.C.F. (Deputy Conservation of Forest), Watershed Development Team of two R.F.O. (Range Forest Officer) as 

Nodal Officer, WDT Agriculture , WDT Civil Engineer, WDT Community Mobilization, Data Entry Operator, and WDT Accountant. The objectives of the 

District Forest Office, Anand are supervising, planning, implementing, documenting and promoting watershed development projects and related 

developmental activities in the project area as per guidelines. 


2.2.2 Programmes/projects of District Forest Office, Anand: 

At present 5 IWMP projects have been sanctioned by Government of India for Anand district. The entry point activities of all the five IWMP projects have 

been identified by the respective PIAs in the district. Anand Forest Division is PIA for 3 projects (IWMP- 3, 4 & 5) and DWDU itself is PIA for rest of the 

two projects (IWMP-1 & 2). 

Apart from the 3 IWMP projects, District Forest Office, Anand is involved in a other project like MGNREGS . 

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the District Forest Office: 

2.3.1 Strength: 

(1) Independent District Level PIA for 3 IWMP Projects. 

(2) Strong linkages with national and state level institutions, Agricultural Universities and NGOs for capacity building and technical guidance. 

(3) Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of BISAG, Gandhinagar. 

(4) District level Monitoring, Co-ordination & Co-operation Committee. 

2.3.2 Weakness: 

(1) No permanent Project office building. 

(2) Project area is in ravines area of Mahi river so fund is not sufficient to treat ravine areas. 

(3) Insufficient funds for complete watershed projects per hectare. 


2.3.3 Opportunities: 

(1) A number of different other development schemes of the government are running; so, there can be horizontal integration and convergence of 

programmes. 

(2) Better financial provision under IWMP. 

(3) Usage of new ICT tools like GIS, GPS,MIS 

2.3.4 Threats: 

(1) Rainfall being very unreliable in the project area, the activities planned to be taken up may yield limited impact. 

(2) Irregularities in fund flow can derail the smooth functioning. 

(3) Lack of contribution and cooperation from local people. 

(4) Low literacy rate in the project area. 

Table no. 6: PIA: 

Sl. No. Names of project Details of PIA 

1 


ANAND-2 

(i) Type of organization District Level PIA 

(ii) Name of organization District Range Forest Office, Anand 

(iii) Designation & Address District Forest officer, Anand 

(iv) Telephone 02692264855 

(v) Fax 02692264855 

(vi) E-mail dcf.anand.forest@gmail.com 


Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level: 

Sl 

Monthly 

Name Age Sex Designation Qualification Experience Job assigned 

no 

remuneration 

1 

Shri C.K.SONWANE 

(D.F.O) 

40 Male D.F.O. B.Tech (Comp.Engg) IFS 15 Years P.I.A 45000/- 

2 Shri M.M.RAJGURU 46 Male R.F.O. GFS 20 years 

Nodal Officer- 


40000/- 

3 PATEL SHREYA G. 22 Female WDT CIVIL Dip. civil 1 Years 

Project Estimation & 

Execution 

8000/- 

4 PATEL VIPUL J. 25 Male WDT-Agri B.R.S. 3 Years Agricultural Activities 8000/- 

5 PARAMAR INDIRA H. 38 Female WDT- Commu B.SC, M.S.W 12 Year 

6 RABARI SATISH. C. 25 Male WDT D.E.O H.S.C (D.C.A) 5 year 

7 SHAH PREMA D. 27 Female WDT- Account M.Com 4 years 

Community 

Mobilization 

Project Estimation & 

Execution 

To maintain all 

accounts 

8000/- 

5000/- 

7000/- 

8 CHAVADA BHARAT. 36 Male Massanger H.S.C 3 years To office work 3000/- 


CHAPTER – 3 BASIC INFORMATION OF THE PROJECT AREA 



3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology 

3.1.1 Land use pattern: 

The net geographical area of ANAND-2 watershed is about 3592.8 ha. About 1787.7 ha of land is under rainfed-agriculture.; mainly a Kharif crop is 

taken. About 26 percent of the total land is classified under wasteland of which 58.68 percent is cultivable and rest 41.31 percent is uncultivable and ravines. 

Table no. 8: Land use pattern: 

S. No. 

Names of 

villages 

1 VAHRAKHADI 

2 ANKALVADI 

3 RAJUPURA 

4 VASAD 

TOTAL 

ANAND-2 

Geographical Area 

of the village (ha) 

1288.5 

610.8 

337.6 

1358.3 

3595.2 

Forest Area 

(ha) 

Land under 

agricultural use (ha) 

Rain-fed area 

(ha) 

Permanent 

pastures (ha) 

Cultivable 

(ha) 

Wasteland 

Non-cultivable 

(ha) 

0 430 380.0 0 476.5 382.0 

0 457 282.0 0 0.0 153.7 

0 242 242.0 0 7.6 88.0 

0 981.6 883.7 0 0.0 376.7 

0 2110.6 1787.7 0 484.1 1000.4 


3.1.2 Soil and topography: 

ANAND-2 Watershed Project (AWP) falls under Middle Gujarat Agro Climatic Zone. The soil is mainly sandy and sandy loam. The soil is yellowish to 

light brown in surface colour. The depth of soil is moderate to deep about 75 to 100 cm. The soil fertility is very poor with low nitrogen, phosphorus. The 

topography of the area is moderate ranging from 30-50% slope. 

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography: 

S. No. 

Name of the Agro-climatic zone 

covers project area 

Area in ha 

Names of the villages 

Major soil types 

a)Type b) Area in ha 

Topography 

1 

Middle Gujarat Agro climatic 

zone 

3272.7 ANAND-2 Goradu 3272.7 

Flat&Revines(due 

toMahi river) 

Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition: 

S.No Villages Flood (Incidence in last 5 years) Drought (Incidence in last 5 years) 

1 VAHRAKHADI Once - 

2 ANKALVADI Once - 

3 RAJUPURA Once - 

4 VASAD Once - 



Table no. 11.2: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress) 

Name of the Villages Survey Number Soil pH Type of Salinity (Inherent/Ingress) 

VAHRAKHADI 504/p 7.70 Neutral 

ANKALVADI 51 7.10 Neutral 

RAJUPURA 59 8.10 Neutral 

VASAD 699 7.70 Neutral 

Table no.12: Climatic conditions 

Sr. No year Rainfall (in mm) Temperature ( 0 C) Highest intensity of Rainfall (mm in a day) 

Max 

Min 

1 2004 810 33.7 19.8 230 

2 2005 1710 33 19.5 433 

3 2006 1270 33.4 20.5 170 

4 2007 1088 33.8 20.5 145 

5 2008 945 33.2 20.1 110 

6 2009 375 34.5 20.1 84 

*From Meteorology Department, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 

This uneven distribution is leading to runoff of soil every year to the streams, rivulets and depressed area near by Mahi river. 

Table no. 13: Physiographic and relief: 

Project name Elevation(MSL) Slope range (%) Major streams 

ANAND-2 45 30-50 % Mahi River 


3.1.3 Land and Agriculture: 

Lack of drinking water line and lack of proper channel for irrigation. The average land holding is about 0.20 ha ranging from 0.25 to 3 ha. The major 

crops cultivated by the farmers are Tobacco and Bajra (Pearl millet) in monsoon. The land conservation measures such as earthen bunds and farm bunds in 

the area will help them to take up a rabi crop of Wheat and other vegetable crops in the residual moisture. Better Employment in Nearest cities like Baroda 

and Anand Leads to Migration so, Next generation youth is not taking much interest in agriculture. 

Table no. 14: Land ownership details 

Sr. No. 

Villages 

Total owned land (in ha) 

Gen OBC SC ST 

1 VAHRAKHADI 812 421 1.7 - 

2 ANKALVADI 287 80 10 - 

3 RAJUPURA 210 70 8 - 

4 VASAD 804 500 0.5 - 

TOTAL 2113 1071 202 - 

Table no. 15: Agriculture 

Sr. No. 

Villages 

Net sown area(ha) 

One time Two times Three times 

1 VAHRAKHADI - 400 - 

2 ANKALVADI - 425 - 

3 RAJUPURA - 242 - 

4 VASAD - 830 - 

TOTAL - 1897 - 


Table no. 16: Irrigation 

Source 1 : Canal Source 2 : Check dam / Pond Source 3 : Well 

Sr. 

Villages 

No 

Availability 

Gross Availability 

Availability 

Gross 

Net area 

Net area Gross area 

Net area 

months 

area months 

months 

area 

1 VAHRAKHADI 12 271 271 12 651 651 

2 ANKALVADI 12 200 200 12 258 258 

3 RAJUPURA 12 242 242 

4 VASAD 12 324 324 12 532 532 

Table no. 17: Crop details: 

Kharif (Monsoon) 

Sr. 

Bajara Tobacco Paddy 

Villages 

No 

Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity 

Production Productivity 

Area (ha) 

(ha) (000’kg) (kg/ha) (ha) (000’kg) (kg/ha) 

(kg) (kg/ha) 

1 VAHRAKHA 

Production in 

25 1,13,500 4540 

150 4,50,000 3000 320 

- 

DI 

Rabi 

2 ANKALVADI 70 2,06,500 2950 156 -//- - 15 60,000 4000 

3 RAJUPURA 50 1,56,800 2800 110 -//- - 15 61,650 4110 

4 VASAD 115 3,27,750 2850 350 -//- - 28 1,25,160 4470 

Rabi (Winter) 

Sr. 

Wheat 

Tobacco (Kharif Continue..) 

Villages 

no 

Area Production Productivity 

Production Productivity 

Area (ha) 

(ha) (000’kg) (kg/ha) 

(kg) (kg/ha) 

1 VAHRAKHADI 95 266000 2800 320 896000 2800 

2 ANKALVADI 67 178750 2750 150 429000 2750 

3 RAJUPURA 42 121500 2700 110 305250 2775 

4 VASAD 86 242250 2850 350 997520 2850 

Area 

(ha) 

Production 

(kg) 

Productivity 

(kg/ha) 


3.1.4 Livestock: 

The villages has 1296 cows, 7742 buffaloes, 80 bullocks, 1002 goats and 60 sheep. Majority of rabari community depends on goat and sheep rearing for 

their livelihood. Cows and buffaloes are of local breed. very small land holding reduced fodder and pasture availability for their animals. This leads to 

heavy migration to other parts of the state with their herds of goats and sheep. 

Table no. 18: Livestock 

Total Milk 

Sr. 

Buffalo (Lit/annum) Cow (Lit/annum) 

Goat Sheep Bullock Hen Others 

Villages 

(Buffalo+Cow) 

No 

No milk No Milk (Lit/annum) No Milk - - - Camel 

1 VAHRAKHADI 1620 4861 421 1895 6756 312 156 60 36 1800 5 

2 ANKALVADI 2983 8949 677 3385 12334 236 118 - 12 16 2 

3 RAJUPURA 850 2553 109 436 2989 168 84 - 14 22 2 

4 VASAD 2289 6872 89 409 7281 286 143 - 18 2200 1 

TOTAL 7742 23235 1296 6125 29360 1002 501 60 80 4038 10 

Table no. 19: Drinking water 

Sr. 

no 

Villages Ground water table (m) Source of drinking water Availability in months Quality 

1 VAHRAKHADI 45 Panchayat Water Works 12 Good Quality 

2 ANKALVADI 47 

3 RAJUPURA 50 

4 

VASAD 55 

Panchayat Water Works 



12 Good Quality 




Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources 

Sr. 

No. 


project 

1 IWMP-3 

CPR 

Particulars 

Total Area (ha) Area owned/ In possession of 

Pvt. persons 

Govt. 

(Specify dept.) 

PRI 

Any other 

(Pl. Specify) 

Pvt. 

persons 

Area available for treatment (ha) 

Govt. 

(Specify 

dept.) 

PRI 

Any other 

(Pl. Specify) 

Wasteland/ degraded land 0 640 0 0 0 595 0 0 

Pastures 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Orchards 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Forest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Village Ponds/ Tanks 0 15 0 0 0 45 0 0 

Community Buildings 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Permanent markets 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Temples/ Places of worship 0 25 0 0 0 12 0 0 

Others (Pl. specify) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

3.2. Socio-Economic Profile 

3.2.1 Demographic Status: 

ANAND-2 watershed project has a total of 5002 households with a population of 25413 out of which 12999 are male and 12414 female .The sex 

ratio is 955 female to 1000 male. There are 1842 BPL families. The average family size is 5. The literacy rate is.73.43 per cent; male literacy rate is 84.77 

per cent (of total male population) and female literacy rate is as low as 61.57 per cent (of total female population). 


Table no. 21: Demographic information 

S no Villages Population SC ST 

Total Male Female Total Male Female % Total Male Female % 

1 VAHRAKHADI 7045 3781 3264 194 105 89 2.75 134 72 62 1.90 

2 ANKALVADI 2281 1152 1129 52 28 24 2.27 42 22 20 1.84 

3 RAJUPURA 3600 1813 1787 975 600 375 27.08 0 0 0 0.00 

4 VASAD 12487 6253 6234 984 496 488 7.88 942 477 465 7.54 

25413 12999 12414 2205 1229 976 0.08 1118 571 547 0.04 

Table no. 22: Literacy rate 

Literacy 

Sl no 

Villages 

Total % Male % Female % 

1 VAHRAKHADI 3987 66.00 2559 79.80 1428 50.60 

2 ANKALVADI 1347 70.70 854 85.20 493 54.50 

3 RAJUPURA 2128 70.10 1347 84.60 781 54.20 

4 VASAD 9050 82.80 5225 90.80 3825 73.80 

TOTAL 16512 72.40 9985 85.10 6527 58.27 


3.2.2 Migration Pattern: 

People migrate for their livelihood to different parts of the state like Vadodara, Savli, Anand, as daily wagers, industry workers and construction 

workers. Better Employment in Nearest cities like Baroda and Anand Leads to Migration so, Next generation youth is not taking much interest in 

agriculture. 

Table no. 23: Migration details 

Migration 

Migration by months 

Sl 

Total 

Main reason for 

Village 

Up to 3 3-6 More than 

no 

population Total Male Female 

migration 

months months 6 months 

Income during migration / month 

1 VAHRAKHADI 7045 493 285 208 204 74 53 For better employment Rs 5000/month More than 

2 ANKALVADI 2281 160 97 63 74 45 38 For better employment Rs 5000/month More than 

3 RAJUPURA 3600 252 156 96 187 37 26 For better employment Rs 5000/month More than 

4 VASAD 12487 874 469 405 216 96 154 For better employment Rs 5000/month More than 

Table no. 24: Poverty 

S. no Village Total Household 

BPL 

% of BPL 

% of land less 

Total Land less HH 

0-16 16-20 Total HH 

HH 

1 VAHRAKHADI 1312 198 319 517 39.40 199 15.16 

2 ANKALVADI 476 48 118 166 34.87 155 32.56 

3 RAJUPURA 700 61 233 294 42.00 193 27.57 

4 VASAD 2514 407 458 865 34.40 1113 44.27 

TOTAL 5002 714 1128 1842 37.66 1660 29.89 


3.2.3 Infrastructure facilities: 

ANAND-2 watershed is well connected with ANAND Taluka with pucca roads. All villages have electricity connectivity under Jyotigram Yojana of the 

State Government. Nearly 85 per cent of households in the villages have their personal electric meters. ANAND-2 watershed have primary schools in all 

villages with all facilities. For middle and higher secondary education, the students have to go to Vasad & Vaherakhadi village which is about 4 to 13 

kilometres away from different villages of watershed area. Some villages do not have a Primary Health Centre for which villagers have to go to Vasad 

Table no. 25: Village infrastructures 

S 

no 

Village 

Pucca 

road to 

the 

villages 

(Y/N) 

Schools 

LP UP 

HS 

Colleges 

(Number) 

Post Office 

(Distance) 

Banks 

(Number) 

Distance 

from 

nearest 

market 

yard 

(ANAND) 

Milk 

collection 

centre 

(Number) 

Milk 

cooperative 

(Number) 

Other 

cooperatives 

/ CBIs 

(Number) 

1 VAHRAKHADI Y 4 1 1 0 0 1 23 1 1 0 0 

2 ANKALVADI Y 2 - - 0 6 0 22 1 1 0 0 

3 RAJUPURA Y 2 1 - 0 0 0 21 1 1 0 0 

4 VASAD Y 5 2 1 2 0 4 18 1 1 1 0 

Any other 

institution 

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets 

Sl 

no 

Village 

HHs with 

electricity 

HHs with 

safety 

latrines 

HHs with phones 

HHs with vehicle 

Land line Mobile 2-wheeler 4-wheeler 

HHs with 

TV set 

HHs with 

cooking 

gas 

HHs with 

Drinking 

water 

1 VAHRAKHADI 1312 1255 150 1617 503 25 802 220 1701 152 

2 ANKALVADI 315 182 5 500 352 20 402 - 393 107 

3 RAJUPURA 700 687 25 1318 253 21 301 511 532 51 

4 VASAD 2514 2498 1011 5012 2735 432 3219 1574 3545 2975 

HHs 

with 

fridge 


3.3. Livelihood pattern: 

The villagers earn their livelihood from animal husbandry and agriculture and during lean seasons they migrate for daily wage labourers in 

Agriculture labour of their own villages and as agriculture labour in other parts of the state. 

Table no. 27: Per capita Income per year 

Sr. No. Village Agriculture (in Rs.) Animal husbandry (Approx) Casual labour (in Rs.) Others (in Rs.) Total (in Rs.) 

(in Rs.) 

(Approx) 

1 VAHRAKHA 70000 25000 16000 60000 171000 

2 ANKALVADI 30000 30000 14000 70000 179000 

3 RAJUPURA 50000 22000 15000 87000 174000 

4 VASAD 32000 32000 40000 96000 248000 

*Calculated per capita of persons those who have related resources. 


3.3.1 Dependence on Common Property Resource 

Most of the people’s livelihood is depends on Agriculture and related activities. Ravine formation is major problem due to which farmers lost their valuable 

land and those who are landless, work as a agricultural labour in farm land. There is no forest land in the project area, so there is no scope of dependence on 

forest. 

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR 

Sr No Village 

Charcoal making 

Fodder 

% sells Income (Rs) % sells Income 

Total income (Rs) 

1 VAHRAKHADI 0 0 0 0 0 

2 ANKALVADI 0 0 0 0 0 

3 RAJUPURA 0 0 0 0 0 

4 VASAD 0 0 0 0 0 

Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution) 

Sr No 

Village 

Total 

workforce 

Agriculture 

Animal 

husbandry 

(AH) 

Agriculture + 

AH 

Casual 

labour 

Services 

Handicraft 

1 VAHRAKHADI 3625 680 430 

250 

2500 15 13 

2 ANKALVADI 736 344 162 182 202 7 5 

3 RAJUPURA 501 304 197 107 540 36 10 

4 VASAD 665 450 215 235 617 686 20 

TOTAL 5527 1778 1004 774 3859 744 48 

Salt Pan 

Labours 


3.4. Comparative data of the crop productivity of the area: project area vs. District vs. State vs. Country vs. World: 

“The term productivity in general means the total output per unit of factor input. For example land productivity means output per hectare of land. 

Productivity is an average and is calculated by dividing the total output of a particular crop by the total cultivated area under that crop.” 

Data are made available by the Baseline survey; Handbook of Agriculture and Final district plan (DAP) of Dept. of Agriculture (for Anand). The 

results indicate that project area has very low productivity compared to world, India, Gujarat and Anand. The productivity is low not only because that the 

land is unproductive or the farmer’s lack the skills to manage their crop but also due lack to of source of irrigation, salty water and scarcity of rain. 

The ANAND-2 watershed comes under semi-arid zone. So farmers grow crop according to the rainfall. If they get good rainfall they generally grow 

high value crop like tobacco. In case of low rainfall they go for sorghum and pearl millet. So we can say that monsoon decides cropping patterns of 

ANAND-2 watershed. 

The world productivity of Tobacco is 1145 kg/ha. In India productivity is about 1393 kg/ha. Gujarat is leading state in India followed by A.P. in the 

production of Tobacco with productivity almost near to 1750 kg/ha. Anand known for Tobacco cultivation and thereby also known as Charotar Area with 

productivity almost near to 2500 kg/ha. In Anand district almost 50-60 percentage of land covered by Tobacco crop in monsoon season. But in ANAND-2 

project area has only 2200 kg/ha productivity. It is slightly low compare to district. 


2500 

2000 

1500 

1000 

500 

0 

2500 

2200 

1750 

1393 

1145 

World India Gujarat 

Tobacco Productivity 

Anand Anand-2 

1600 

1400 

1200 

1000 

800 

600 

400 

200 

0 

1425 

1250 

790 

906 900 

World India Gujarat Anand Anand-2 

Bajra Productivity 

Figure 5: Compartative Productivity of Tobacco and Bajra (Pearl millet) ANAND -2 

Pearl millet is the fourth most important grain crop next to rice,wheat and sorghum.The crop is cultivaed for grain as well as fodder in the semi arid tropical 

regions. Pearl millet traditionally is an indispensable component of dry-land farming system. In world pearl millet productivity is 790 kg/ha and India has 

906 kg/ha of Bajara productivity. Gujarat has almost 900 kg/ha productivity. But Anand and Umreth is far better than world and India. The productivity of 

pearl millet is 1250 kg/ha for Anand, whereas for ANAND-2 watershed, it is 1425 kg/ha. 


The Anand-2 Project area has low productivity because of the following reasons: 

i) Lack of other facilities such as storage and marketing: 

5-10% of agriculture product damage after harvesting due to scarcity of proper storage and proper market for sale. So he sells to local traders at the 

low prices. Farmers mainly face proper means of transportation and roads. And second problem is farmers don’t have proper storage facilities. 

ii) 

Lack of proper marketing channels for high value crops like Tobacco: 

In the project area major crop is Tobacco and it cannot be stored long time at home of farmer due to loss in quality in monsoon season, so farmer 

need to immediately sold their products to trader or market available. So traders gain major margin in trading activities. 

iii) 

Lack of Processing facility in growing are: 

Lack of processing of Tobacco and other high value crops like Banana is major problem. There is ample scope of involving SHGs to processing of 

Banana and selling it through Producer’s Company. 


CHAPTER – 4 WATERSHED ACTIVITIES 


Watershed Activities 

Watershed management as a strategy has been adopted by Government of India especially in the rain-fed regions of semi-arid tropics. These regions 

are characterized by low and undependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, low literacy and high incidence of migration. Several 

studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed development. The common guidelines generate 

a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development. 

4.1. Scientific Planning: 

i) Cluster Approach 

This envisages a broader vision of Geo-hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro-watershed. The ANAND-2 Project 

consists of five microwatersheds namely 5E1C2b2#, 5E1C2b3#, 5E1C2a1a as their respective codes. 

ii) Base line Survey 

To access the impact of any watershed development programme a detailed baseline survey has to be conducted. This acts a benchmark for any 

intervention during and post implementation of any development programme. A detailed baseline survey was undertaken which involved household 

census survey, Bio-physical survey and Village level data collection from Talati –cum mantri. Household census survey includes a detailed 

questionnaire which was been filled by visiting each and every household in the village. This gave in the details of the demographic profile of the 

village, the literacy percentage, SC/ST population, number of BPL household, cattle population, net consumption rate in the village, average milk 

production of the cattle and various schemes running and their benefits 

Bio-physical survey was undertaken to identify various natural resources available in the village. It included the soil typology, well in the 

area, crop taken in the field, Cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of irrigation in the field. 


iii) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) 

The past experience of watershed has given tremendous input to focus on creating accountability of the stakeholders towards the 

programme. This has created an emphasis to include all the stakeholder communities and their local and Indigenous Technological 

Knowledge (ITK) while planning for any activity. Participatory approach provides a new path for planning, implementing, monitoring 

and post- withdrawal activities with a complete accountability of the stakeholders. Various PRA techniques like resource mapping, social 

mapping, and season calendars were used to understand the physical and social orientation of the village in general and watershed in 

specific. These tools put the villagers in ease than the complicated questionnaires. Various tools like Matrix ranking, Venn Diagram were 

used to identify various local vegetations (apt for afforestation), Fodders crops, various institution and their significance in the life of the 

farmers. 

iv) 

Use of GIS and Remote sensing for planning 

Use of various high science tools has been promoted at various stages of watershed development. 

a) Prioritization 

Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process. Various layer maps were created like Geomorphological, 

Soil, BPL Population, SC/ST population, Ground water Status, Drinking water situation Slope percent. These were all 

given proper weightage according to the DoLR specification. This helped in prioritization of various watershed areas. 


) Planning 

A action plan matrix was formulated by State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) taking into account various features like the Slope Percent, 

Soil Depth, Soil Texture, Soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agricultural land. Global positioning System (GPS) was 

used to identify each and every water conservation structures available in the project area. This was used to create a map. Contour Map of 

vertical interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:15000 was used for identifying various locations for soil and water conservation structures. 

c) Hydrological modelling 

Hydrology modelling technique was used for locating drainage, stream length, flow direction, sink, and Flow accumulation. This model 

overlaid over cadastral map to calculate the catchments area of each structures like the check dam etc. This has helped to remove the 

human error which generally occurs while calculating the catchments area of a check dam. 


Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects 

S. No. Scientific criteria/ inputs used 

Whether scientific criteria was 

used 

Planning 

Cluster approach 

Yes 

Whether technical back-stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the name of the 

Institute 

----- 

Baseline survey 

Yes 

Hydro-geological survey 

Yes 

Contour mapping 

Yes 

Participatory Net Planning (PNP) 

Yes 

Remote sensing data-especially soil/ crop/ run-off cover ----- 

Ridge to Valley treatment 

Yes 

Online IT connectivity between 

(1) Project and DWDU cell/ZP No 

(2) DWDU and SLNA No 

(3) SLNA and DoLR Yes 

Availability of GIS layers 

1. Cadastral map Yes 

2. Village boundaries Yes 

3. Drainage Yes 

4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) Yes 

5. Land use Yes 

6. Ground water status Yes 

7. Watershed boundaries Yes 

8. Activity Yes 

Crop simulation models # 

No 

Integrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy for high speed 

soil nutrient analysis 

No 

Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# 

No 

Weather Station 


Inputs 

1. Bio-pesticides Yes 

2. Organic manures Yes 

3. Vermi-compost Yes 

4. Bio-fertilizer Yes 

5. Water saving devices Yes 

6. Mechanized tools/ implements Yes 

7. Bio-fencing Yes 

8. Nutrient budgeting No 

9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers No 

Any other (please specify) 

4.2. Institution building 

4.2.1 Watershed Committee (WC) 

It is a committee that is constituted by Gram Sabha to implement the watershed project with technical support of WDT in the village. This committee is 

registered under Society Registration Act 1860. The Gram Sabha of the village selects the chairman of the watershed committee with the secretary who 

will be a paid functionary. A watershed Committee was formed accordingly in ANAND-2 watershed. Since the watershed has only one village so no 

separate watershed sub-committee was formed in the village. Capacity building training to the watershed committee is given by WDT. 

The watershed committee has a pivotal role to play during and after the project implementation period. 


Table no. 31: Watershed Committee details 

VEHRAKHADI Watershed Committee 

No. Names of WCs 

Date of 

Registration 

as a Society Name Designation M/F SC ST SF MF 

L 

F 

Land 

-less 

U 

G 

SH 

G 

G 

P 

WD 

T 

Patel Saileshbhai 

1 

Isaverbhai President M 

Paramar Gulambhai vice, 

2 

Mehbubbhai 

President M 

Paramar Thakorbhai 

3 

Mahijibhai Member M 

Gamechi Dineshbhai 

4 

Manubhai Member M 

Solanki Manubhai 

5 

Chhatrashih Member M 

6 

VEHRAKHADI 

Jadav Ramilaben 

Under 

Watershed 

Pravinbhai 

progress 

committee 

Dabhi Aanadiben 

Member F 1 

7 

Bharatbhai Member F 1 

Rathod Kailashben 

8 

Natubhai Member F 1 

Vankar Kusumben 

9 

Dilipbhai Member F 

Rohit Ramanbhai 

10 

Somabhai Member M 1 

Bhoi Dineshbhai 

11 

Ramabhai Member M 1 

12 Patel Shreyaben G. WDT F 1 

Any 

other 

Education 

Function 

assigned# 


ANKALVADI Watershed Committee 

Sl. 

No. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 


WCs 

ANKALVADI 

Watershed 

committee 


Registra 

tion as a 

Society 

Under 

progress 

Name Designation M/F SC ST SF MF LF 

Gohel Dhanjibhai 

Motibhai 

Gohel Ganpatsinh 

Samantsinh 

Tatod Bharatsinh 

Chandrasinh 

Patel Gopalbhai 

Ambalal 

Gohel Pankajbhai 

Naransinh 

Gohel Urmilaben 

Chatrasinh 

Rohit Naranbhai 

Hirabhai 

Gohel Shardaben 

Naginbhai 

Chauhan Jujiben 

Mohanbhai 

Padhiyar Kanubhai 

Dahyabhai 

Solanki Thakorbhai 

Chatrasinh 

Patel Shreyaben 

Ghanshyambhai 

President 

vice, 

President 

Member 

Member 

Member 

Member 

M 

M 

M 

M 

M 

F 

Member M 1 

Landless 

Member F 1 

Member F 1 

Member M 1 

Member M 1 

UG SHG GP WDT 

WDT F 1 

Any 

other 

Education 

Function/s 

assigned# 


RAJUPURA Watershed Committee 

Sl. 

No. 


WCs 


Registra 

-tion as 

a Society 

Name 

Designation 

1 

Chavda Kanjibhai Motibhai President M 

2 Solanki Takhatsinh Bhagvansinh 

vice, 

President 

M 

3 Chauhan Chotabhai Mahijibhai Member M 

M/ 

F 

S 

C 

ST 

SF 

M 

F 

L 

F 

Land 

-less 

U 

G 

S 

H 

G 

G 

P 

WD 

T 

Any 

other 

Education 

Function/ 

s 

assigned# 

4 Mahida Gabhirsinh Khumansinh Member M 

5 Mistri Dahyabhai Mangalbhai Member M 

6 Parmar Kanubhai Dajibhai Member M 

7 Solanki Kantibhai Narayanbhai Member M 

8 Chauhan Visabhai Mangalbhai Member M 

RAJUPURA 

9 Under Parmar Ashaben Pratapbhai Member F 1 

Watershed 

10 progress Parmar Pritikaben Rajendrasinh Member F 1 

committee 

11 Chavda Manjuben Maheshbhai Member F 1 

12 Bhoi Dineshbhai Girdharbhai Member M 1 

13 Chavda Bhavnaben Pravinbhai Member F 1 

14 Chauhan Mahijibhai Shivabhai Member M 1 

15 Bhoi Ganpatbhai Dahyabhai Member M 1 

16 Patel Shreyaben Ghanshyambhai WDT F 1 


VASAD Watershed Committee 

Sl. 

No. 


WCs 


Registratio 

n as a 

Society 

Name 

Designatio 

n 

1 

Patel Dineshbhai Manilal President M 

2 

Parmar Poonambhai 

Vice 

Dhulabhai 

President 

M 1 

3 Patel Atulbhai Kantilal Member M 

4 

Parmar Rameshbhai 

Bhudhabhai 

Member M 

5 Patel Subhasbhai Jashbhai Member M 

Gohel Rameshbhai 

6 

Member M 

Ravjibhai 

VASAD 

Under Patel Gaurangbhai 

7 Watershed 

Member M 

progress Arvindbhai 

committee 

Parmar Shantaben 

8 

Member F 1 

Poonambhai 

9 

Gohel Sushilaben 

Poonambhai 

Member F 1 

10 

Bhoi Rekhaben 

Jayeshkumar 

Member F 1 

11 

Parmar Minaben 

Rajeshbhai 

Member F 1 

12 

Patel shreya 

Ghanshyambhai 

WDT F 1 

M/ 

F 

S 

C 

ST 

S 

F 

MF 

L 

F 

Land 

-less 

UG 

SH 

G 

GP 

WDT 

Any 

other 

Educat 

ion 

Function/s 

assigned# 


4.2.2 Self Help Group 

Self Help Groups are motivated, small homogenous groups organized together through credit and thrift activities. Self help group initiative 

especially for women help uplift their livelihood. Generally self help groups include landless and poor women. 

Before formation of the SHGs, during PRA activities, Focussed Group Discussions (FGDs) were held with the women, which came up with the 

following observations: 

a) Lack of proper credit facilities due to low intervention of formal financial credit institution. 

b) Excessive exploitation of weaker section by money lenders 

c) Lack of attitude for saving among poor people 

d) Lack of knowledge on credit and thrift activity and banking. 

With a detailed discussion with some of the local NGOs working in the area like SEWA, it was planned to have some capacity building training 

regarding SHG activities. It was also proposed to have some livelihood activities which will promote women empowerment. 

Table no. 32: SHG details 

Sr. No. 

With 

only 

Men 

Total no. of registered SHGs 

With only 

Women 

With 

both 

Total 

members 

1 0 2 2 47 

No. of members 

No. of SC/ST in each 

category 

No. of BPL in each 

category 

Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i) Landless 2 30 32 1 11 12 2 28 30 

(ii) SF 1 14 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 0 2 2 47 3 44 47 1 11 12 2 28 30 



4.2.3 User Group: 

User Groups are normally formed to manage an activity or asset created under the programme on a long term basis. The user group collect user charges from 

their members, oversee the works and manage the benefits. 

It was decided that each group would formulate certain internal rules and have a feeling of ownership with community spirit. 

Table no. 33: UG detail 

No. of SC/ST in each No. of BPL in each 

Total no. of UGs 

No. of members 

S. No. 

category 

category 

Men Women Both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total 

(i)Landless 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

1 2 1 0 27 

(ii) SF 6 5 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iii) MF 4 6 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 

(iv) LF 3 3 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 2 1 0 27 13 14 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 

*User Group making is under process.. 


4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP-3, ANAND-2 

4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA) 

EPA activities are taken up under watershed projects to build a rapport with the village community at the beginning of the project; generally, certain 

important works which are in urgent demand of the local community are taken up. A Group Discussion was conducted with watershed Development 

Committee regarding the EPA activity, it was conveyed to the WC that an amount of Rs. 15.70 Lakh was allotted for EPA activity, which was 4 per cent of 

total allocated budget. The villagers discussed various activities which they felt is important but after a brief discussion it was conveyed to them that only 

those activities can be taken, which revive the common natural resources. It was also taken into priority that there should be an instrument of convergence 

which will result in sustainability of activities. 

Table no.34: Entry point activities (EPA) (All financial figures in Rs.) 

S. No. Names of Villages Amount earmarked for EPA Entry Point Activities planned Estimated cost (` in Lakh) 

RCC Wall 4.88 

1 VAHRAKHADI 594480 

Protection Wall 0.79 

Books for Granth Mandir 0.14 

U V Plant from WASMO in school 0.13 


2 ANKALVADI 209184 





3 RAJUPURA 162000 




R C C WALL 3.80 

4 VASAD 605232 




Total 1570896 


Table no.35: Details of activities of preparatory phase 

S. 

No. 

Name of villages 

Initiation of 

village level 

institution 

Capacity 

building 

IEC activities 

Baseline 

survey 

Hydro-geological 

survey 

Technical support 

agencies 

Printing DPR 

and mapping 

of project Area 

Estimated Cost 

(Rs. in lakh) 

1 VAHRAKHADI 10000 650000 10000 7000 5000 12000 25000 719000 

2 ANKALVADI 10000 170000 8000 3000 5000 6000 12000 214000 

3 RAJUPURA 10000 145000 7500 2500 5000 5000 7000 182000 

4 VASAD 10000 645000 12000 11000 5000 11500 26000 720500 

4.3.2. Watershed Development Works: 

Watershed development works are to be done during second phase of watershed project. A multi-tier ridge to valley sequence approach should be taken 

towards implementation of watershed development projects. A net budget of 50 percent is allotted for this work. 

(A) Ridge Area Treatment Plans: 

It is very important to treat the ridge as this is where the major water resources originate. This involves mainly ravines in ANAND-2 watershed. For the 

ravines area treatment of ANAND-2 watershed following structure are been proposed after interaction between the Watershed Committee, WDTs and PIA in 

consultation of MDTs of DWDU. 

1. Bori Bundh 

2. Grass seeding 

1. Bori Bundh 

A bund with bories filled with sands is to be made as low cost structure which will help to stop soil erosion and also conserve water. Series of boribundh in 

ravine area will help to reduce velocity of water flow which will help to stop soil erosion and also help to stop further ravine formation. Due to limited fund 

in IWMP , conversion from other schemes like MGNREGS would help to make sufficient amount of Bori-bunds in treatment area. 


2. Grass Seedling 

Dense grass which is very suitable for fodder also will be grown on border of sloppy farm land and also on farm bund made during programme. 

(B) Slope treatment: 

The second tier treatment is the slope treatment. This is generally done on agricultural land or waste land. This generally includes water conservation 

or surface water storage structures. This being highly labour intensive, will involve more of manual labour; so, funds from Mahatma Gandhi National Rural 

Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) can be taken. 

Following structures are been proposed in these areas 

a. Farm Bund 

b. Check Wall 

c. Gabian Structure 

d. Check Dam 

e. Afforestation 


Farm Bund 

Table No. 36.1: Technical Details of Farm Bund 

Particulars 

Value 

Bund Length Per Ha. 400.00 M. 

Proposed Area (area of farm) 1.00 Ha. 

Total Bund Length For Proposed Area 400.00 M. 

Top Width 0.45 M. 

Side Slope 1:1 

Height 0.60 M. 

Base Width 1.65 M. 

Cross-Section of Farm bund 0.63 SqM. 

Table No. 36.2: Quantity Excavation for Farm bund 

Sr. No Description Unit Quantity 

1 Earth Work 

Earthwork for embankment including breaking clods. Dressing with all lead and lift (Excluding watering and 

consolidation) 

Cum 200.00 

c] From borrow area within 1.0 km Cum 133.00 

2 Vegetative Work 

Sowing of seed on the constructed ridge M 400.00 

3 Supply of Stylo/Dhaman Seed @ 4gm/m in(single line) Kg 1.60 


Check Wall 

Table No. 37 : Technical Details of Check Wall 

Particulars Value 

Length ..... M. 

Width 0.5 M. 

Height 1.5 M. 

Below Foundation 1.2 M. 

Kundi Volume 0.81 CuM 


d. Check Dam 

Table No. 38.1: Technical Details of Check Dam 

Particulars 

Value 

Top width 1.00 M. 

Bottom width 1.20 M. 

Height 1.50 M. 

Foundation depth 1.20 M. 

Length 10 M. 

Side Slopes 

a. Upstream 1:1 

b. Downstream 1.5:1 

Length of downstream apron 1.5 M. 

Table No.38.2: Quantity Excavation for Check Dam 

Sr. 

No 

Description Unit Quantity 

1. Earth Work 

Excavation for foundation upto 1.5 M depth including sorting out and stacking of useful materials and disposing of the 

excavated stuff up to 50 meter lead. 

Cum 29.00 

a. Loose or soft soil 

2. 

Providing and laying cement concrete (1:4:8 ) and curing complete excluding cost of form work in Foundation and 

plinth 

Cum 4.00 

3. Providing and laying cement concrete (1:2:4) and curing complete excluding cost of form work in Foundation and plinth Cum 19.00 

4. 

Providing and laying controlled cement concrete M 150 and curing complete excluding the const of form work and 

(B) Walls from top of foundation level upto floor two level 

Cum 24.5 


e. Afforestation 

Table No. 39.1: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities 

Particulars 

Value 

Crop Name 

Neem / Babool 

Plant To Plant Spacing 8.00 M 

Row to Row Spacing 8.00 M 

Pit Length 1.00 M 

Pit Width 1.00 M 

Pit Depth 1.00 M 

No. of Plants 156 Nos. 

Plantation Area 50.00 ha. 

No. of Plants per ha 1,560 Nos. 

Gap Filling 20 % 

Table No. 39.2: Cost Estimation for afforestation activity 

Description No. Length Width Depth Unit Quantity Rate Amount 

(m.) (m.) (m.) 

1 Digging of pits for plants in Soft murum 1,560 1 1 1 Cum 1,560.00 10 15600 

2 

Plants samplings for plantation in Govt. pasture area, sampling 

not less than 30 cm. height 

1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 10 15600 

3 Transportation of plants from nursery to camp site up to 40Km 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 5 7800 

4 Loading and unloading of plants 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 1 1560 

5 

Rehandling of plants from camp site to actual planting site upto 

500m. 

1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 2 3120 

6 Cost of fertiliser & insecticides incl. application) 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 10 15600 

7 Weeding and Hoeing two times (Twice in year) 1,560 Nos. 1,560.00 2 3120 

Total / ha 54600 

Totals for 60 ha 3276000 


Table no.40: Activities related to Surface water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) 

Proposed target 

SR. 

No. 

Villages name 

Type of structures 

No. 

Construction of new structures 

Area to be 

irrigated (ha) 

Storage 

capacity(lit) 

Estimated cost 

(in lakh) 

Area to be 

irrigated (ha) 

Total target 

Storage 

capacity 

Estimated cost 

(in lakh) 

1 

Check Dam 0 0 0 0 

2 VAHRAKHADI Check Wall 214 109.6 

ANKALVADI 

3 Bori-Bundh 444 8.88 

RAJUPURA 

5 VASAD 

6 

Total 118.48 

Table no. 41: Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas 

Major activities of the SHGs 

SR. Names of 

Average annual income from activity per SHG 

No. Villages 

Name of activity 

No. of SHGs involved 

(in ` Approx) 

1 

Vermi composting 10 50000 

2 

VAHRAKHADI 

Banana processing and packaging 4 20000 

ANKALVADI 

3 Nursery Raising 6 45000 

RAJUPURA 

4 VASAD 

Handicraft 2 15000 

5 Acid making 2 20000 


Table no. 39: Other activities of watershed works phase – Proposed target 

SR. Name of villages 

Land development 

No. 

Nursery raising (Earthern Farm bund) Crop demonstrations Total Estimated cost (Rs. 

(unit) (in lakh) (in ha) (in lakh) (unit) (in lakh) 

In lakhs) 

1 VAHRAKHADI 3 1.5 22 11 12 6 18.5 

2 ANKALVADI 3 1.5 21 2.6 0 0 4.1 

3 RAJUPURA 2 1 33 4.75 0 0 5.75 

4 VASAD 4 2 40 15 12 6 23 

Total 12 6 116 33.35 24 12 51.35 


Cross Section of Earthen Bund 

Sr.No. Height Top Width Bottom Width Cross Section Area U/S Slope D/S slope 

1 2 1 7 8 1:1 1:2 


Table no.42: Details of allied / other activities 

Sr. 

No. 

VAHRAKHADI 

ANKALVADI 

RAJUPURA 

VASAD 

Type of land 

Executing 

agency 

(i) UG 

Name of activity 

(ii) (iii) Others (ii)SHG Estimated cost 

(i) Private 

Community (pl. specify) (iii) Others (pl. (Rs. in lakh) 

specify) 

Handicraft Private 2.0 

Acid Making Private 2.1 

Animal Husbandry Private 17 

Kitchen garden Veg Kit Private 4.7 

25.8 

Total of Livelihood intervention 

Crop demonstration Private 12 

Vermi-composting Community SHG 3.5 

SHG revolving fund SHG 5.0 

Seed Kit 5.0 

Micro-nutrient kit 2.25 

Bio-Pesticide Kit 2.25 

Micro Irrigation Kit 

Revolving Fund 3.0 

Establishment cost for 

Producer’s Company 4 

For Neem based ME 

for 3 clusters 8 

Total of the Production system intervention 45 

Target 

Expected month & 

year of completion 

(mm/yyyy) 


Production System-1: Neem Based Micro Enterprise: 

Introduction: 

“In ravine lands Village Watershed Committee will be doing huge Neem Plantation to check Soil Erosion and User Group (Landless) formed to maintain this 

plantation will collect Neem Kernels and Sell it to NDDB’s Neem Processing Unit, Anand. NDDB is ready to give primary training to this User Group and 

will buy Neem Kernels at Market Rate at prevalent time. 

Objective of a Neem Based Micro Enterprise: 

1. Build a local institution to cope up with problems of landless farmers/labours. 

2. Establish and maintain village level plantation that enhance vegetation and also stop soil erosion in ravines. 

3. Control regulates and charge in the community grazing and plantation lands. 

4. Undertake the distribution of revenue generated from NME in the village. 

Feasibility of Neem based Micro Enterprise (NME): 

A detailed survey and Focused Group Discussion was conducted in ANAND-2 watershed area. Data on type of trees naturally grown is collected 

during Field to Field visit. In focused group discussion several factors like the type of crops can be grown in ravine land to check erosion is discussed and as 

part of it group decided to do huge Neem plantation with the help of BPL Job card holders in the scheme of MGNREGS and group of Landless people will 

form User Group to maintain this Neem Plantation and income earned by selling Neem Kernels will be equally devided into User Group which is 

maintaining this Neem Plantations. 


Table 34 .1 Primary Model for A Neem based Micro Enterprise (NME) 

C. 

A. 

B. 

Total Beneficieries (Member of MNE-UG) 30 

No. of Neem Trees to be planted 

No. of Existing Neem tree Neem Trees to be planted 

1000 5000 

Total 6000 

Neem Kernels yielded every year 

1,00,000 Kg 

Cost of cultivation for Neem Tree (See table no. 34.2.1) 

72,500 Rs 

Area development for neem plantation required Approx. 3000 m 2 

(preferably land will be allotted by Gram Panchayat @ Rs.1000 per month) 

Rs 12000 

Total Cost for (1year) (A+B) 

Rs. 84,500/- 

Table no: 34.2 Cost of cultivation for Neem Tree production 

Cost Detail 

Unit cost 

1. Cost for Digging pit (1 x 1 x 1 Foot) 27000 Rs 

2. Cost for seed 18000 Rs 

3. Cost for fertilizer 10,000 Rs 

4. Cost for irrigation 10,000 Rs 

5. Depreciation cost of C1. (5%) 7500 Rs 

Total cost for 5000 Neem Tree plantation Rs. 72,500 

Table No. 34.2.1. Initial investment for Neem based Micro Enterprise (NME) 

A. 

Total Cost for Neem based Micro Enterprise (1year) 

(A+B+D) 

Rs. 84,500/- 

B. C1.Fencing + Weighing machine + Small shed + Other tools. Rs.1,50,000 

C. 

Required labour for kernel management (drying and packing) 

(2 person @2000 per month for each) 

Rs.48,000 

D. Total initial cost Rs.2,82,500 


Table No. 34.3 Revenue and return Details. 

S. No Return Details Cost (in Rs.) 

1 Cost of Kernels Per Kg 

= 2,82,500/100000 

2.82 Rs/kg 

2. Selling Price of Kernels Rs 4 /Kg 

3. Net selling Price Rs. 4,00,000 

4. Net Profit Rs 1,18,000 

Technical Support/Assistance: 

To ensure proper technical support for Neem based Micro Enterprise, we will take help and proper guidance from NDDB’s Neem Processing Unit located 

Nearby Anand City. 

Production System - 2: Vermi-compost unit for ANAND-2 watershed 

One of the important occupations of the villagers is animal husbandry. At present, the animal waste is not used by the villagers as agricultural input. If the 

farmers start realising the benefits of compost and vermicompost in particular, the productivity of their land can increase manifold. As part of direct 

livelihood support, the villagers (mainly land less) are going to receive cows, buffaloes and small ruminants. These animals in turn are going to produce 

more waste, which can be used to prepare vermicompost. 

It is planned that a vermicompost unit by another SHG would be supported by the project. The SHG members, with the help of hired manpower, can collect 

animal-dung. They would process this dung to prepare vermicompost and sell it to the farmers in the village or outside, as per demand. 

The process of composting crop residues using earthworms comprise spreading the agricultural wastes and cow dung in layers of 1.5 m wide and 0.9 m high 

beds of required length. Earthworms are introduced in between the layers @ 350 worms per m 3 of bed volume. The beds are maintained at about 40 - 50% 

moisture content and a temperature of 20 - 30 o C by sprinkling water over the beds. The earthworms being voracious eaters consume the biodegradable 

matter and give out a part of the matter as excreta or vermi-castings. The vermi-casting containing nutrients are rich manure for the plants. 


About The Worms 

Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae, and Perionyx excavatius are some of the species for rearing to convert organic wastes into manure. The worms feed on 

any biodegradable matter ranging from coir waste to kitchen garbage and Vermicomposting units are ideally suited to locations / units with generation of 

considerable quantities of organic wastes. One earthworm reaching reproductive age of about six weeks lays one egg capsule (containing 7 embryos) every 7 

- 10 days. Three to seven worms emerge out of each capsule. Thus, the multiplication of worms under optimum growth conditions is very fast. The worms 

live for about 2 years. Fully grown worms could be separated and dried in an oven to make 'worm meal' which is a rich source of protein (70%) for use in 

animal feed. 

Use 

Vermi compost has more nutrient compare to other manures and fertilizer; so, by the use of vermin-compost we can reduce use of chemical fertilizer. Vermicompost 

not only supply nutrient but also improve quantity of hormones for plant growth, improves the soil structure leading to increase in water and 

nutrient holding capacities of soil. 

Components of a commercial unit 

Sheds 

ANAND-2 watershed has high temperature in summer; so, a shed structure is needed for the vermin-compost unit. It can be made by the use of concrete 

pillars. While designing the sheds adequate room has to be left around the beds for easy movement of the labourers attending to the filling and harvesting the 

beds. 

Vermi-beds 

Scientific bed side is 75 cm - 90 cm thick depending on the provision of filter for drainage of excess water. The whole bed area should be above the ground. 

The bed should have a uniform height over the entire width to the extent possible to avoid low production owing to low bed volumes. The proper bed width 

should not be more that 1.5 m to allow easy access to the centre of the bed. 


Land 

About 125 square meter of land will be required to set up a vermin compost production unit in ANAND-2 watershed. It should have at least 2-3 sheds each 

of about 180-200 sq.ft. It should have a good watering arrangement and other equipments as required because moisture is very essential for vermin-compost 

production. 

Seed Stock 

This is very important thing because worms multiply at the rate of 350 worms per m 3 of bed space over a period of 6 month to a year. 

Fencing 

The entire area has to be fenced to prevent the animals and other unwanted elements. These could be estimated based on the length of the periphery of the 

farm. 

Water Supply System 

50% moisture content has to be maintained all the time. Water for the purpose would come from a well nearby. 

Machinery 

Farm machinery and implements are required for cutting the raw material in small pieces, conveying shredded raw material to the vermi-sheds, loading, 

unloading, collection of compost, loosening of beds for aeration, shifting of the compost. Costs of providing necessary implements and the machinery have 

to be included in the project cost. 


Estimate for a vermin-compost unit: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Requirement of nitrogen for 1 hectare sorghum fodder production=90 kg. 

1.6% N available in vermin compost. 

90 kg N fulfill by the use of 90/1.6*100= 5625 kg vermicompost (5.5 ton). 

Need of vermicompost to fulfill the requirement of nitrogen for 15 hectare 5.5*15 =82.5 (80 ton). 

45 kg phosphorus required for 1 hectare sorghum fodder production. 

Requirement of phosphorus for 15 hectare fodder production 15*45=675 kg. 

Supply of phosphorus through vermin compost 0.7/100*80000=560 kg. 

Remaining requirement of phosphorus 675-560=115 kg. 

Remaining dose of phosphorus will be supplied by rock phosphate. 

One compost cycle need 45 days so we need 8 cycle for 80 ton vermin compost production. 


Table: 42.4: Model for A Vermi-compost Unit 

SR. No Particulars Quantity Rate (Rs.) Amount (Rs.) 

1 Wooden ballies (3 m long) 20 50 1000 

2 Wooden (4 m long) 25 60 1500 

3 Shade mats for covering the roof 125 25 3125 

4 Binding wire for tying wooden ballies & mats 20 Kg 50 1000 

5 Labour charges for erection of sheds 20 100 2000 

6 Shovels, spades, crowbars, iron baskets, 2500 

7 Weighing scale (100 kg capacity) 1 2000 2000 

8 Cow dung 10 ton 800 8000 

9 Worms @ 3 kg per ton 30 kg 80 2400 

10 

Formation of vermin bed with agro-waste, cow dung and 

worms 

20 bed 250 5000 

11 Miscellaneous 

Total cost 

28,525 Rs. 

Cost for 8 cycles 

2,28,200 Rs. 

Table No.42.5: Returns from vermin-composting 

Benefits 

1. Sale of vermin compost of 80 tones @ Rs.3500/- per ton 80*3500=2,80,000 Rs 

2. Sale of worms @ 5 kg per ton of compost and Rs. 50 per kg 400*50=20,000 Rs 

Total 

3,00,000 Rs/- 

Net benefit 

3,00,000-2,28,200=71,800 Rs/- 


Table no.43: Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas 

Target 

S. No. Name(s) of the villages CPR particulars Activity proposed 

Target area under the 

activity (ha) 

Estimated expenditure 

(Rs.) 

Expected no. of 

beneficiaries 

1 

VAHRAKHADI 

ANKALVADI 

RAJUPURA 

VASAD 

Waste land 

Fodder & Forest 

Development 

20 6.5 330 household 

4.4. Capacity Building: 

Capacity Building is the process of assisting the group or individuals to identify and address issues and gain the insights, knowledge and experience 

needed to solve problems and implement change. 

There is a realization in the development sector that there is a need to appraise the success of development interventions by going beyond the 

conventional development targets and measures of success (e.g. in the form of commodities, goods and services) to take into account improvements to 

human potential. Capacity building of stakeholders is also increasingly viewed as an important factor in developmental projects that involve participation of 

stakeholders at all levels for effective implementation of projects. 


Scope of capacity building at ANAND-2 watershed 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alternative Land Use Plan 

Scientific technique of Soil and Moisture conservation 

Improved and Scientific Agriculture Practices 

Fodder development and Management 

Afforestation 

Meteorological Information 

Dairy Development and Management 

Income Generation Activities 

Table no. 44: Capacity Building Institution: 

S. 

No. 

1 

2 


Training 

Institute 

Krishi 

Kendra 

Vigyan 

Full Address with 

contact no., website 

& e-mail 

Type of 

Institute# 

Research 

Institutes 

Anand Agril. 

University Anand University 

3 FES Anand NGO 

4 BISAG Gandhinagar 

Space 

application 

Area(s) of specialization 

Agriculture/ 

Horticulture/ 

Animal Husbandry 

Agriculture/ 

Horticulture/ 

Animal Husbandry 

Capacity Building/ 

Net Planning 

Accreditation 

details 

Reference 

Year 

Trainings 

No. of trainings 

assigned 

No. of trainees 

to be trained 

GoI 2012-2014 3 80 

GoI 2012-2014 3 30 

Society Reg. 

Act 

2011-2012 2 50 

Remote Sensing GoG 2010-2015 3 3 


Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan: 

SR. 

No. Villages Project Stakeholders 

1 

VAHRAKHADI 

ANKALVADI 

RAJUPURA 

VASAD 

Total no. of 

persons 

No. of persons to 

be trained 

No. of training 

programmes 

Estimated cost (in lakh) 

PIA 3 3 4 6.00 

WDTs 4 3 4 3.00 

UGs 50 45 3 2.00 

SHGs 30 25 5 3.00 

WCs 48 40 5 6.00 

Table no.46: Information, education and Communication Activities: 

S. 

No. 

Activity Executing agency Estimated expenditure (Rs.) 

1 Street plays Local Drama Groups 12000 

2 Video shows FORESTAnand 13000 

3 Pamphlets and posters FORESTAnand 26000 

4 Banners, Hoardings FORESTAnand 27000 

Outcome 

(may quantify, wherever possible) 

Awareness for the importance of 

watershed project 


CHAPTER – 5 BUDGETING 


Budgeting 

The first step in budgeting is dividing the cost of the project into various component s as detailed in the common guidelines and done accordingly in table no. 

47. It helps us in further identifying activities under different components and allocate appropriate funds. 

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance 

Budget Component 

Cost requirement 

Net Project Cost 392.72 

-Administrative Costs 39.27 

-Monitoring 3.92 

-Evaluation 3.92 

Preparatory phase: 

-Entry point activities 15.70 

-Institution and capacity building 19.63 

-Detailed Project Report (DPR) 3.92 

Watershed Works Phase: 

-Watershed Development works, 196.36 

-Livelihood activities for the asset less persons, 39.27 

-Production system and micro enterprises 51.05 

Consolidation Phase 19.63 

Total 392.72 


Table no. 48: Village component wise budget available under IWMP-3 

Sr. 

No. 

Villages 

EPA 

Institution 

and CB 

DPR 

Watershed 

development 

Work 

Activity 

Livelihood 

for asset 

less 

Production system 

and 

Microenterprises 

Consolidation 

1 VAHRAKHADI 594480 743100 148620 7431000 1486200 1932060 743100 1486200 

2 ANKALVADI 209184 261480 52296 2614800 522960 679848 261480 522960 

3 RAJUPURA 162000 202500 40500 2025000 405000 526500 202500 405000 

4 VASAD 605232 756540 151308 7565400 1513080 1967004 756540 1513080 

1570896 1963620 392724 19636200 3927240 5105412 1963620 3927240 

Total 

Table no. 49: Village -wise gap in funds requirement 

Sr. No. Work Total cost requirement 

(`lakh) 

Total funds available under IWMP 

(` lakh) 

Gap in funds requirement 

(` lakh) 

1 VAHRAKHADI 151.55 148.62 2.93 

2 ANKALVADI 54.22 52.29 1.93 

3 RAJUPURA 41.63 40.50 1.13 

4 VASAD 154.71 151.30 3.41 

Total 402.11 392.71 9.4 


Table no.50: Details of Convergence of IWMP with other Schemes 

S. No. Villages 

Activity to be carried 

out 

Fund made available 

to IWMP due to 

convergence (Rs. in 

lakh) 

Scheme with which 

convergence took 

place 

Reference no. of 

activity/ task/ 

structure in DPR 

Level at which 

decision for 

convergence was 

taken 

1 VAHRAKHADI Bori-bundh 2.8 MGNREGS District level 

2 ANKALVADI Bori-bundh 1.8 MGNREGS District level 

3 RAJUPURA Bori-bundh 1.0 MGNREGS District level 

4 VASAD Bori-bundh 3.28 MGNREGS District level 

8.88 


CHAPTER – 6 EXPECTED OUTCOMES 


6.1 Expected Outcomes 

6.1.1 Employment 

Employment has always been a problem in the village. The principal occupations of the people are dry land agriculture, animal husbandry and casual labour 

work. However, rain fall being very limited and erratic, agriculture suffers, i.e. at best they can take only a single crop, which keeps them partially engaged 

for about 4 months. Lack of fodder makes animal husbandry very difficult too. So, animal husbandry does not keep them engaged full time. Thus the people 

mainly depend upon casual labour, either in the village itself or outside it. 

The project plans for creation of both wage employment and self employment opportunities. Wage employment would be created by engaging people in 

watershed physical works like construction of earthen bunds, farm bunds, village pond, plantation, etc. Self employment would be created by providing the 

people with cash support in the form of direct livelihood activities like agriculture, animal husbandry and enterprise development. 

Table no. 52: Employment in Project area 

SR. 

NO. 


Villages 

Wage employment 

Self employment 

No. of mandays No. of beneficiaries No. of beneficiaries 

SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total SC ST Others Women Total 

1 VAHRAKHADI 1164 804 22166 13274 24134 194 134 3694 2212 4022 39 27 739 483 804 

2 ANKALVADI 420 0 7296 4244 7716 70 0 1216 707 1286 14 0 243 154 257 

3 RAJUPURA 3756 0 9814 7464 13570 626 0 1636 1244 2262 125 0 327 271 452 

4 VASAD 5904 5652 34851 25524 46407 982 942 5809 4254 7735 197 188 1162 928 1547 


6.1.2.Migration 

Small land holding and uncertain rainfall results in very little fodder availability in the locality. The relatively well off farmers bring fodder from adjoining 

district Panchmahal (approximately 80 kms away) collectively; but the resource poor cannot afford it. On account of agriculture and animal husbandry 

providing only part time employment for some part of the year, the people migrate for a better half of the year for wage labour. Moreover majority of 

migration is due to availability of secured labour job in nearest GIDC in Savli. 

Table no. 53: Details of seasonal migration from Project area 

Sl. No. Names of villages No. of persons migrating No. of days per year of migration 

Pre-project Expected post project Pre-project Expected post project 

1 VAHRAKHADI 493 345 

45 

2 ANKALVADI 160 112 57 

90-120 

3 RAJUPURA 252 176 55 

4 VASAD 874 612 35 

6.1.3 Ground water table 

Rainfall has been scanty but demand for ground water has been increasing all the time. The ground water table thus has depleted over the years. Presently it 

stands at 48 m. 

Proper water harvesting structures and percolation tanks would go a long way in increasing water table depth from 28 m in the pre-project level to 35 m in 

the post project period. 


Table no. 54: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters) 

S. No. Names of Villages Sources Pre-Project level 

Expected Increase/decrease 

(Post- Project) 

Open wells 18 -3 

1 ANAND-2 

Bore wells 36 -4 

Others (specify) - - 

6.1.4 Drinking water 

All villages have wells on which they depend for their drinking water. During summer water level in most of the villages goes down. WASMO is working 

for drinking water with peoples contribution but peoples of some villages reluctant to give contribution. 

As a result of the watershed activities, it is expected that the quantity and quality of drinking water would improve. 

Table no. 55: Status of Drinking water 


Availability of drinking water 

S. 

Quality of drinking water 

Villages 

(no. of months in a year) 

No. 

Pre-project Expected Post project Pre-project Expected Post-project 

1 VAHRAKHADI 11 12 Potable Potable 

2 ANKALVADI 11 12 Potable Potable 

3 RAJUPURA 10 12 Potable Potable 

4 VASAD 11 12 Potable Potable 

Comments 


6.1.5 Crops 

Agriculture primarily depends upon water; but this is what is lacking in ANAND-2 watershed. The surface water is scanty due to uneven rainfall. 

All this can change with the integrated land and water management during the watershed project. The planned earthen bunds would prevent the soil erosion 

and also help percolate sweet water underground, and preserve some moisture in the soil. This will help in additional area coming under cultivation and 

increasing productivity too. The farmers can take more than one season of crops. Different varieties of crops can be taken. 

Table no. 56: Details of crop area and yield in the project area 

Name of village 

ANAND-2 

Project total 

Name of crops 

Pre-project 

Expected Post-project 

Area (ha) Average Yield (Qtl) per ha. Area (ha) Average Yield per ha (qtl) 

Kharif 

Tobacco 

930 

Rabi 

27.93 1050 28.93 

Tobacco 

Summer 

Bajra 385 29 415 32 

6.1.6 Horticulture 

Table no. 57: Area under horticulture 

S. No. Name of Village Existing area under horticulture (ha) 

Area under horticulture proposed to be covered 

through IWMP 


2 ANKALVADI 3 5 

3 RAJUPURA 2 5 

4 VASAD 0 5 


6.1.7 Vegetative cover 

There is negligible area under tree cover. and there is much more plantation necessary to stop soil erosion in the ravine area. In the project area vegetative 

trees covers around 40 ha. 

It is planned that 60 ha land to be covered under new plantation. 

Table no. 58: Forest/vegetative cover 

S. No. Name of Village Existing area under tree cover (ha) Area under tree cover proposed 


2 ANKALVADI 12 30 

3 RAJUPURA 225 300 

4 VASAD 17 100 

6.1.8 Livestock 

The village has quite a good of livestock population. These include cows, bullocks, buffaloes, goats, sheep and camels. The interventions like provision of 

good quality cows and buffaloes, the establishment of a fodder bank and other such related activities would spur up the dairy development in the village. It is 

expected that the post project period would see a substantial increase in livestock population and yield from them. 

Table no. 59: Details of livestock in the project areas (for fluids please mention in litres, for solids please mention in kgs. and income in `.) 

SR. 

No. 

Project 

1 ANAND-2 

Type of Animal 

Pre-Project 

Expected Post-project 

No. Yield Income `. No. Yield Income `. 

Cow (per animal/day) 1296 6125 84240 1350 7000 87750 

Buffalo(per animal/day) 7742 23235 418068 7850 23900 423900 

Remarks 

Linkages: The direct livelihood activities need good forward and backward support. Without such support system the activities may fail to deliver the 

desired results. These linkages would involve credit, machinery, input supply, marketing, etc. 


Table no. 60: Backward-Forward linkages 

SR. No. Project Type of Marketing Facility Pre-project (no.) During the project (no.) Post-project (no.) 

Backward linkages - 

Seed supply system - 1 2 

Fertilizer supply system - 1 

Pesticide supply system - 1 

Credit institutions 

Water supply 3 

Extension services - 

Nurseries - 

1 ANAND-2 

Any other (please specify) - 

Forward linkages 

Storage (including cold storage) 

Road network 

y 

Transport facilities 

Markets / Mandis 

Collective marketing system 

Agro and other Industries 

Milk and other collection centres 1 

Labour 

Any other (please specify) Producer Company 1 


6.2 Logical Framework Analysis 

Components Activities Outputs Effect Impact 

Village 

Institution 

Formation 

§ Formation of Watershed 

Committee, User Group 

§ One Watershed Committee each 

village 

Strengthening 

Village 

Institutions 

§ Organise training and 

awareness programme for Village 

institutions 

§ Number of User group depending 

on the coverage of particular intervention 

§ Project can be 

implemented and managed 

in a democratic and 

participatory way ensuring 

equity. 

§ Awareness camps to be organised. § Quality of 

management of common 

resources improved. 

§ Unity and 

prosperity in the 

village management. 

§ People's 

Participation and 

positive perception 

towards the 

programme 

§ Capacity building 

workshops and exposure visits User 

Group and Watershed Committee 

§ Facilitating and monitoring 

the functioning of UGs and WCs 

§ Strengthen linkages between 

UGs and WCs and Panchayat 

Institutions. 

§ Gender sensitisation of UGs 

and WCs to increase inclusiveness 

of samuh decision-making. 

§ trainings and exposure visits UGs 

and WCs to be held 

§ Capacity building workshops to be 

organised 

§ 1 Federations of UGs and WC to 

be formed. 

§ Quality of distribution 

of benefits between people 

improved. 

§ Increased awareness 

amongst women about 

village resources. 

§ Women participation 

enhanced in decision-making 

of GVCs. 

§ Involvement of youth 

and children in village 

development increased. 

§ Sensitise village 

communities to involve children and 

youth in development. 


Fund 

Management 

§ Improve management and 

utilisation of UGs and WCs. 

§ UGs and WCs operating bank 

account and managing resources on their 

own 

§ Purpose, frequency 

and volume of use of the 

fund enhanced. 

Ecological 

Restoration 

§ Prepare communities to 

explore other sources of income for 

UGs and WCs. 

§ Protection, treatment and 

regeneration of common and private 

lands 

§ Common and private lands to be 

brought under new plantations and agrohorti-forestry 

like Neem, Adusa, prosopis, 

Banyan and Peepul 

§ Volume of funds 

generated for UGs and WCs 

from other sources of income 

increased. 

§ Fodder availability 

from common and private 

lands increased. 

§ Better 

Ecological order in the 

area 

§ Protection, treatment and 

regeneration of forest lands 

§ Forest lands to be brought under 

new plantations and protection 

§ Accessibility to 

common and forest lands 

increased with removal of 

encroachments and 

resolution of conflicts. 

§ Increase in the 

proportion of 

households having 

more security of 

fodder 

§ Plantation of fruits and 

forest species 

§ Trainings, exposure visits and 

meetings to be organised for communities, 

village volunteers and staff 

§ Reduction in 

drudgery of fodder 

and fuel collection, 

especially women 

§ Impart trainings, conduct 

meetings and organise exposure 

visits for communities, village 

volunteers and staff to effectively 

plan, execute and monitor activities 

§ Identification and promotion 

of non-timber forest produce based 

income generation activities 

§ Income generation intervention 

promoted 


Rainfed Area 

Development 

§ Treatment of land through 

improved soil and moisture 

conservation practices on watershed 

basis 

§ Land to be brought under 

improved soil moisture conservation 

practices 

§ Improved 

productivity of treated land 

§ Increase in 

proportion of 

households having 

more security of food 

§ Promotion of good 

agricultural practices- horticulture, 

improved crop and vegetable 

§ Good agricultural practices to be 

promoted 

§ Increased availability 

of water in wells 

§ Promotion of organic 

farming practices 

§ Formation of Fodder banks 

to increase fodder security and 

promote dairy development among 

communities 

§ Identification and promotion 

of agri-produce based income 

generation activities like grading, 

processing and packaging. 

§ Promotion of better 

Irrigation practices like drip 

irrigation 

§ Impart trainings, conduct 

meetings and organise exposure 

visits of communities, village 

volunteers and staff to effectively 

plan, execute and monitor activities 

§ Organic farming to be promoted § Increase in annual 

agriculture production 

§ Fodder banksto be established § Farmers adopt 

organic farming practices 

§ Agriculture based livelihood 

income generation activities to be 

promoted 

§ Water harvesting structures to be 

constructed 

§ Drip Irrigation facilities to be 

distributed among farmers 

§ Approx 15000 person days of 

employment to be generated 

§ Trainings, exposure visits and 

meetings to be organized for 

communities, village volunteers and staff 

§ Fodder security of 

farmers enhanced. 

§ Increase availability 

of water for 9 to 12 months 

§ Increased availability 

of water for livestock 

§ Availability of 

irrigation water established 

§ Farmers take two 

crops in a year 


contribution of 

agricultural income to 

the household income 


Women’s 

Socio-political 

and economic 

empowerment 

§ Formation & Strengthening 

of women’s SHG groups 

§ Women’s SHG groups to be 

formed 


agricultural productivity of 

land 

§ Availability of 

drinking water enhanced 

§ Enhanced capacities 

of leaders of women's group 

in taking initiatives to solve 

problems at different levels. 

§ Position of 

women in household, 

community, society 

(politically, socially 

and economically) as 

perceived by women 

and community at 

large 

§ Capacity building of 

womenfolk 

§ Federation of Women’s SHGs to 

be formed 

§ Performance 

enhancement of 

SHGs in terms of 

participation, decisionmaking, 

leadership 

and fund management. 

§ Capacity building of SHG 

leaders and accountants 

§ Trainings to be conducted for 

preparation of woollen products from 

sheep and goats 

§ Improved access to 

credit for livelihood 

purposes. 

§ Equality & 

Equity in gender 

relations at home 

(decision making, 

expenditure, children’s 

education, health) 

§ Linking SHGs with external 

financial institutions 

§ Increased household 

income. 


CHAPTER -7 QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES 


Quality and Sustainability Issues 

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation 

A Web-based GIS System is being developed for monitoring and evaluating the project in its planning & implementation phases. The system would 

be available on a public domain and can be accessed by all the stakeholders of the project. The system shows the entire state of Gujarat and all of those areas 

selected over the next 18 years. Filtering allows the user to zoom onto one particular project. Details related to soil type, Land-use classification, inhabitation 

etc., can be obtained village-wise. Furthermore, survey-number wise details related to ownership, irrigation source, yield etc., can also be accessed by the 

users of the system. This system is being used for pooling up the details obtained from the DPR. In other words, the DPR is made available online in the 

form of a database which will help the stakeholders know areas of importance viz., already treated areas/historical works in the area, proposed areas for 

treatment etc., for further treatment and planning. The system would also show the satellite imageries of various years from the project inception stage to the 

project closing stages. This allows the user to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and thereby plan corrective measures for the project area. The 

system would serve as an aiding tool to the planners and evaluators for judging the efficacy of the project. 

Yet another component of the Web-based GIS system is the Mobile based Monitoring & Evaluation System, which will help the ground staff alias 

WDTs (Watershed Development Team) to transmit information from the ground level to the central server. Also, any higher-up official in charge of the 

project can obtain information regarding the project area on their mobile phone by means of an SMS. The system works in the following manner. The WDT 

equipped with a GPS instrument marks the latitude-longitude information of various treatment areas during the DPR. The probable sites are then transferred 

onto the central server. During the works phase, any progress in the treatment areas is reported to the server by means of an SMS by the WDT. Similarly, any 

nodal officer or higher-up official can view the progress in a project by means of summarized reports generated over frequent periods of time. 


7.2 Plans for Project management: 

The Project management of any watershed programme is very important. It mainly depends upon the community organisation and the village level 

institutes. In ANAND-2, watershed committee and various user groups have been formulated for post project operation and maintenance of assets created 

during project period. Major emphasis will be on equity and sustainable benefit of the project even after implementation stage. A proper link-up will be built 

during project period with various institutes and capacity building organisation. They will act as a major kingpin during post implementation for scaling up 

the successful experience during project. 

7.3 Watershed Development Fund: 

The major source of financial assistance after post implementation period is watershed Development Fund. The contribution of it will comes mainly 

fund the following: 

7.4 User Charges: 

Various user groups will be formed in village. These user groups will collect user charges according to the designated rules formed during the 

formation of user group. These funds will be transferred to the WDF funds as per these formulated rules. The secretary of watershed committee (WC) shall 

maintain the records of the following. 


CHAPTER -8 MAPS

IWMP-3 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State

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