RACING PIGEONS â IMPACT OF RAPTOR PREDATION

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Figure 5.1. Regional distribution of peregrine eyries searched. For reasons of confidentiality the plots are illustrative only and do not correspond with precise locations of actual eyries. 50
Table 5.2. Regional distribution of the eyries searched No. Known Eyries* No. Eyries Searched Region Total Inland Number Searched % Total Searched % Inland Searched Dumfries & Galloway 74 49 23 31.1 66.2 Lothian & Borders 36 27 14 38.9 51.9 S. Strathclyde 27 18 2 7.4 11.1 Central 28 28 3 10.7 10.7 Tayside 71 67 4 5.6 6.0 Cheviots 21 21 6 28.6 28.6 NW England - inland 62 61 1 1.6 1.6 Pennines 73 73 6 8.2 8.2 TOTAL 392 344 59 15.1 17.2 * data from 2002 National Peregrine Survey Table 5.3. Details of type of eyrie locations inspected Eyrie location No. sites Natural sites 39 Disused quarries 9 Working quarries 8 Buildings/man-made structures 3 TOTAL 59 Once the grid references of eyries had been obtained and, in most cases, the landowner approached for consent, each site was subject to a visit. In 83% of cases two CSL staff or one CSL staff member accompanied by a mountaineer undertook the visits. In most cases the mountaineers attended sites at random but in some cases where the ground search had revealed significant numbers of rings, a second visit was made with the mountaineer to search the nest ledge as well. In one case two visits were made with one mountaineer on the first occasion and two on the second to ensure that the search was comprehensive. The length of time spent searching for rings varied between approximately one staff-hour and eighteen staff-hours depending on the nature of the terrain being searched, the numbers of rings being found, and the ease of access to the nest ledge. Searches ceased when all relevant areas had been searched fully, and, in the case of buried rings, when searches of areas already examined using a metal detector did not find any additional rings. All visits were completed in a time when it was felt no further rings could be discovered. The exact location of the eyrie nest ledge was confirmed by a number of means including the presence of faecal stains on the crag, the presence of suitable ledges, flushes of vegetation resulting from the addition of nutrients associated with droppings, and the presence of pigeon rings below the nest ledge. In addition to the location of the nest ledge, other points on the surrounding crags were identified as plucking points, perches or roosts based on faecal staining of rocks and the presence of pellets, prey remains and pigeon rings. Ring recovery Once these points had been identified, searches for rings took place at the base of the crag, both below the nest site and below plucking points. Plucking points at the top of 51
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RACING PIGEONS - IMPACT OF RAPTOR P
Page 5 and 6:
CONTENTS PAGE 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 7: 6.3 DETERRENTS USED IN OTHER CIRCUM
Page 10 and 11: OB=48). Collectively, however, the
Page 12 and 13: • The risk of sparrowhawk predati
Page 14 and 15: 1.5 REVIEW OF DETERRENTS • A revi
Page 16 and 17: • Overall reported losses to spar
Page 18 and 19: 2. INTRODUCTION 2.1 BACKGROUND Pere
Page 20 and 21: During the Second World War (1939-4
Page 22 and 23: Table 2.1. Changes in the peregrine
Page 24 and 25: website, 2002). In South Wales, Dix
Page 26 and 27: 2.5.2 Sparrowhawk Diet Sparrowhawk
Page 28 and 29: In 1996 a total of 34,685 birds fro
Page 30 and 31: Dixon (2002) also estimated the num
Page 32 and 33: more likely to follow natural featu
Page 34 and 35: 3. TOTAL REPORTED LOSSES FROM SCOTT
Page 36 and 37: 3.3a). The circumstances of losses
Page 38 and 39: Figure 3.2. Location of lofts used
Page 40 and 41: Table 3.3 Regional comparison of ol
Page 42 and 43: would be expected as a consequence
Page 44 and 45: p>0.05), although at the Federation
Page 46 and 47: Ayrshire Loft 25 20 15 10 5 0 1981
Page 48 and 49: 4. REPORTED LOSSES TO SPARROWHAWKS
Page 50 and 51: Table 4.1. Summary of reported loss
Page 52 and 53: Table 4.2. Comparison of reported l
Page 54 and 55: irds, a mean of 0.91 birds per loft
Page 56 and 57: 5. LOSSES TO PEREGRINES AWAY FROM L
Page 60 and 61: crags were also examined unless it
Page 62 and 63: also died between the time of the r
Page 64 and 65: 5.2.3 Discussion It was always reco
Page 66 and 67: 5.4 ESTIMATE OF POTENTIAL STRAYS 5.
Page 68 and 69: Figure 5.5. Principal race routes f
Page 70 and 71: 5.4.3 Discussion The rate of potent
Page 72 and 73: These 86 questionnaire returns were
Page 74 and 75: Table 6.2. Frequency of multiple lo
Page 76 and 77: within the area of application. The
Page 78 and 79: Table 6.6. Management techniques wh
Page 80 and 81: 1986). Peregrines in Britain, likew
Page 82 and 83: pitched wail and may illuminate at
Page 84 and 85: development to ensure that the chem
Page 86 and 87: deterrents were regularly moved and
Page 88 and 89: located at another loft) and two un
Page 90 and 91: other stimuli. Essentially, the mor
Page 92 and 93: 7. FIELD TRIALS OF RACE DETERRENTS
Page 94 and 95: Table 7.1. Return rates of racing p
Page 96 and 97: 8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 98 and 99: 9. FUTURE RESEARCH Accurate recordi
Page 100 and 101: Trials of loft-based deterrents The
Page 102 and 103: Conover, M.R. 1979. Response of bir
Page 104 and 105: Inglis, I.R. 1980. Visual bird scar
Page 106 and 107: Nicolaus, L.K., Herrera, J., Nicola
Page 108 and 109:
Toyne, E.P. 1998. Breeding season d
Page 110 and 111:
pigeons are available to peregrines
Page 112 and 113:
Daily Food Intake (DFI) Redpath & T
Page 114 and 115:
Reliability of the available data T
Page 116 and 117:
Estimates of potential peregrine ki
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