Chapter 4 — Employment and wages in industry by region 58
Chapter 4 — Employment and wages in industry by region The SBS regional data The SBS regional data cover a limited number of variables (at present, the number employed, local units, wages and salaries and gross investment), disaggregated at a NACE 2-digit level, for NUTS 2-level regions across the EU. Unlike the data analysed in previous chapters, these variables are classified to NACE sectors of activity according to the main activity of local units (ie enterprises or parts of enterprises — eg workshops, factories, warehouses, offices and so on — situated in a geographically identified place). This should give a more accurate representation of the actual regional distribution of employment and the other variables than if the basis of classification of activities were the enterprise as in previous chapters. The regional basis of classification of these data is the standard NUTS — ie the nomenclature of territorial units for statistics — system used by <strong>Eurostat</strong>. This, so far as possible, divides countries into administrative areas which are similar in terms of population. In practice, there are large differences in both the population size of regions and their land area. Overall, there are some 206 NUTS 2-level regions in the EU15 and a further 41 in the 10 new Member States. Bulgaria and Romania are divided into 6 regions and 8 respectively. The data used in the analysis relate mainly to 2001 but to 2000 where data for the later year are not yet available. This applies to Belgium, Denmark, Greece, France, Ireland, Finland and the UK. This does not affect the results presented here significantly. In some countries where regional data are not available, specifically Denmark and Slovenia, national data have been used instead. (For Slovenia, data are for employees rather than the total employed.) As a result, data are enterprise-based, as in previous chapters, rather than based on the main activity of local units as for other countries. In Portugal and Finland, where the NUTS classification have recently changed and where because of this no SBS data are as yet available for the regions affected, the data shown for employment are based on LFS regional data which have been aligned with the SBS national figures. This is also the case for the Czech Republic, where there are no SBS regional data. In addition, there are a number of regions where data are missing for the industries selected for analysis here, mainly for confidentiality reasons, and where estimates based on available data are presented instead in order to have a complete a map as possible. Estimates in these cases are derived from NUTS 1 level data for the industry in question or from the data for 2000 or 1999. These estimates ought not to be a major source of error given the relatively wide sectors into which the data are divided. No such estimates have been made for average wages since there is no readily available alternative data source to use. Germany, Luxembourg, Champagne-Ardenne in France, Norra Mellansverige in Sweden, Pohjois-Suomi in Finland, Asturias and Pais Vasco in Spain, Sterea Ellada in Greece and West Midlands in the UK. Machinery and equipment There are some three times the numbers employed in machinery and equipment (NACE sector 29), ie mechanical engineering, in the enlarged EU than in basic metals. Employment is also more dispersed across the EU. It is particularly high in most parts of the Czech Republic (over 2% of working-age population) as well as in Severen Tsentralen and Yuzhen Tsentralen in Bulgaria and Centru in Romania (where it also accounts for over 2% of working-age population). It is even higher in Baden-Württemberg, Unterfranken and Schwaben in Germany (4% or more of working-age population). Employment in the sector is equally important in Emilia-Romagna in Italy and only slightly less so in Piemonte, Veneto, Lombardia and Marche. Elsewhere, there are relatively large numbers employed (over 2% of working-age population) in Småland med Öarna (almost 4% of working-age population) and Norra Mellansverige in Sweden, Etelä-Suomi in Finland, Pais Vasco in Spain and the West Midlands in the UK. Electrical machinery and equipment Electrical machinery and equipment (NACE sector 31), ie electrical engineering, has a similar regional distribution across the enlarged EU as machinery and equipment. However it employed around half the number of people in the Union as mechanical engineering in 2001. Again, employment is high in many Czech regions (close to 3% of working-age population in Jihozápad and Severovýchod, in the south-west and north, respectively), in Közép-Dunántúl and Nyugat-Dunántúl in the west of Hungary (2% of working-age 59
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