Transactions from the Xth International Orthoptics Congress 2004

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9. Bagolini, B., Falsini, B, Cermola, S., Porciatti, V. (1994) Binocular interactions and steady-state VEPs. A study in normal and defective binocular vision (Part II). Graefe’s Archive for Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, 232: 737-744. 10. Arnoldi, K. (2001). Monofixation with eso-, exo-, and hypertropia: Is there a difference? American Orthoptic Journal, 51, 55-66. 11. Perry, V.H., Cowey, A. (1985). The ganglion cell and cone distributions in the monkey’s retina: Implications for central magnification factors. Vision Research, 25: 1795-1810. 12. Tychsen, L., Kim, D., Burkhalter, A. (1994) Naso-temporal asymmetries in geniculo-striate pathway of normal adult macaque. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, 35: 1773. 13. Tychsen, L., Burkhalter, A. (1997). Nasotemporal asymmetries in V1: Ocular dominance columns of infants, adult, and strabismic macaque monkeys. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 388: 32-46. 14. Demer, J.L., vonNoorden, G.K., Volkow, N.D., Gould, K.L. (1991) Brain activity in amblyopia. American Orthoptic Journal, 41: 56-66. 15. Fahle, M. (1983) Nasotemporal asymmetry in visual hyperacuity. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, 24: 146. 16. Fahle, M. (1987) Naso-temporal asymmetry of binocular inhibition. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 28: 1016-1017. 17. Sirenteanu, R. (1982) Binocular vision in strabismic humans with alternating fixation. Vision Research, 22: 889- 896. 18. Sirenteanu, R, Fronius, M. (1982) Naso-temporal asymmetries in human amblyopia: Consequence of long-term interocular suppression. Vision Research, 21: 1055-1063. 19. Boothe, R.G. (2002) Perception of the Visual Environment (pp. 262-274). New York: Springer. 20. Sireteanu, R., Singer, W., Fronius, M., Greuel, J.M., Best, J., Fiorentini, A., Bisti, S., Schiavi, C., Campos, E. (1993) Eye alignment and cortical binocularity in strabismic kittens: a comparison between tenotomy and recession. Visual Neuroscience, 10: 541-549. 21. Daw, N.W. (1995) Visual Development (pp.117-119). New York: Plenum Press. 22. Sirenteanu, R., Best, J. (1992) Squint-induced modification of visual receptive fields in the lateral suprasylvian cortex of the cat: Binocular interaction, vertical effect and anomalous correspondence. European Journal of Ophthalmology 4: 235-242. 23. Daw, N.W. (1994) Mechanisms of plasticity in the visual cortex. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 35: 4168-4179. 8
Range of accommodation and binocular vision after refractive surgery Jeroen Claeys, Daisy Godts, Ren Trau, Marie-Jos Tassignon University Hospital Antwerp, Department of Ophthalmology Wilrijkstraat 10 Edegem, Belgium Jeroen.claeys@uza.be Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of refractive surgery on accommodation and binocular vision in patients without manifest or intermittent strabismus. Material and methods: Fifty eyes of 25 patients were operated with laser subepithelial keratomileusis technique (LASEK). Twenty-one patients were myopic, four patients were hypermetropic. All patients had a complete orthoptic examination before and after refractive surgery, including assessment of visual acuity, binocular function, ocular motility, near point of accommodation and convergence. Results: None of the patients presented changes in eye position, ocular motility, fusion, stereopsis and convergence. In 30% of the patients accommodation decreased, in 16% it increased. Conclusion: In our study refractive surgery does not alter binocular vision and ocular motility. Accommodation may change in a number of patients. Keywords Binocular vision, accommodation, refractive surgery, orthoptics, LASEK. Introduction Patients who underwent refractive surgery may have a variety of complaints such as blurred vision, reading problem, halos, dominance problem or diplopia (1-2). The aim of this prospective study is to find out wether accommodation or binocular vision is involved in these complaints or not. Material and Methods Fifty eyes of 25 patients were operated with LASEK between February 2002 and July 2004 and were analysed. The age of the patients ranged between 23 and 54 years (mean age 40.36 years). The laser used, was a Broad beam Gaussian delivery system of InPro. Twenty-one patients were myopic and four patients were hypermetropic. A complete ophthalmological examination, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), manifest and cycloplegic refraction, anterior and posterior segment evaluation, intraocular pressure (IOP), ultrasonic pachymetry, pupillometry and corneal topography was performed. All patients had a complete orthoptic examination before and 6 weeks after refractive surgery. The ocular alignment was measured with the alternate prism cover test (APCT) at 6m and 33cm and in the synoptophore. The ocular motility was evaluated with the alternate cover test in the nine directions of gaze. Fusion range was measured at distance and at near with the prism bar and in the synoptophore. Stereoacuity was measured with the Titmus stereo test. Near point of 1
Page 1 and 2: ‘Global Perspectives Converge Dow
Page 9 and 10: The Burian Memorial Lecture: Factor
Page 11 and 12: Results Seventy-four patients fulfi
Page 13 and 14: three years of surgical alignment,
Page 15: onto temporal retina, regardless of
Page 19 and 20: Table 2 Patient Preoperative fusion
Page 21 and 22: Assessing The Dominant Eye: A New M
Page 23 and 24: Figure 1. The Sensory Dominance Tes
Page 25 and 26: Does Dissociation Reduce Stereoacui
Page 27 and 28: Methods Observers were students in
Page 29 and 30: Initial 1.2 ** 1.4 ** 6.4 **** 7.1
Page 31 and 32: Does stereoacuity correlate with in
Page 33 and 34: Results The distance and near stere
Page 35 and 36: 3. Frisby, J.P., Davis, H., Edgar,
Page 37 and 38: measurement of sensory dominance (3
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 1. Durations of exclusive perc
Page 41 and 42: The results of all four stereotests
Page 43 and 44: varied, from 100% to 80% to 60% to
Page 45 and 46: Can stereo tests be an indicator of
Page 47 and 48: Pass No. Table 1. Number .of subjec
Page 49 and 50: Stereoacuity Following Unilateral A
Page 51 and 52: Table 1 Pre-operatively Post-operat
Page 53 and 54: Measurement And Improvement Of Visu
Page 55 and 56: Table 1 Criteria for visual skills
Page 57 and 58: Diagnosis And Treatment In Patients
Page 59 and 60: Reduction of asthenopic symptoms -
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Page 63 and 64: Acknowledgements This study was sup
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Table 3. Mean fusional convergence
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Strabismus In Childhood: Unilateral
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12 cases present documented NRCC, 8
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The Use Of A Computerised System Fo
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test. The main program also monitor
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Abstract Disruption of Binocular Vi
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Transactions from the Xth International Orthoptics Congress 2004

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