Transactions from the Xth International Orthoptics Congress 2004

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among methods of measuring dissociated phoria, found that they differ in the technique used for dissociation, in the ability to control accommodation, in the level of proximal convergence induced, or in the method by which phoria is quantified. These differences amongst methods justify the limits of agreement found. The above results show that the system measures changes of horizontal and vertical phorias over time accurately, has good repeatability and correlates well with its clinical counterpart. The main advantages of the proposed phoria test over traditional methods are better accommodation control, a more attractive test for children, and more importantly, the possibility of tracking and plotting phoria changes over time. This last characteristic is currently being explored and it opens a new field of research. A disadvantage of the use of LCD shutter-glasses for eye dissociation is the presence of crosstalk when viewing peripheral dichoptic targets. In conclusion the system described constitutes a robust platform on which clinical research can be performed, providing a powerful and versatile means of presenting dichoptic visual stimuli and collecting and analysing psychophysical data over time. Acknowledgements Most of the research related to this paper was supported by the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT). Special thanks to the staff of the Orthoptic Department of the Sussex Eye Hospital, Brighton, England, for the enormous help provided regarding practical and clinical issues during this project. References 1. Obaidat, M. S., Abu-Saymeh, D. (1999). A real-time video pattern generator for use in Ophthalmology. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology 23(4), 135-143. 2. Maino, D.M., Maino J.H. (1989). Computer Applications in Optometry. Boston: Butterworths. 3. Thomson, W. D. (2002). Test Chart 2000. Retrieved 13 October, 2002, from http://www.thomson-softwaresolutions.com 4. Nottingham Technology Ventures (2004). Interactive binocular treatment (I-BiT). Retrieved 18 August, 2004, from http://www.nottinghamtechnologyventures.com/healthcare_op.htm 5. Ono, H. (1991). Binocular visual directions of an object when seen as single or double. Vision and visual dysfunction, (9), 1-18. 6. Howard, I. P., Rogers, B. J. (2002). Seeing in depth. Ontario: I. Porteous. 7. Bland, J.M., Altman, D.G., (1996). Statistic notes: measurement error and correlation coefficients. British Medical Journal, 313, 41-42. 8. British Standards Institution (1979). Precision of tests methods I: Guide for the determination and reproducibility for a standard test method (BS5497, part 1). London: British Standards Institution. 9. Bland, J.M., Altman, D.G. (1986). Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet, i, 307-310. 10. Ogle, K. N. (1964). Researches in binocular vision. New York: Hafner Publishing Company. 11. Romano, P.E., van Noorden, G. K. (1971). Limitations of cover test in detecting strabismus. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 72, 10-12. 12. Daum, K.M. (1991). Heterophoria and heterotropia. In: J.B. Eskridge, J.F. Amos, J.D. Bartlett (Eds.) Clinical Procedures in Optometry. (pp 72-90). Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott. 13. Schroeder, T.L., Rainey, B.B., Goss, D.A., Grosvenor, T.P., (1996). Reliability of and comparisons among methods of measuring dissociated phoria. Optometry and Vision Science. 73(6), 389-397. 4
Abstract Disruption of Binocular Vision following Cataract Surgery. Joy White Orthoptic Department, Sussex Eye Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton BN2 5BF,UK joy.white@bsuh.nhs.uk The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of disruption of binocular vision following cataract surgery and to re-evaluate the role of Orthoptists in pre-assessment clinics for cataract surgery. A retrospective study was carried out of all patients who attended the hospital for cataract surgery between January 2003 and December 2003. The incidence of ocular motility disorders and diplopia which had been recorded in the case notes was noted pre-operatively, two weeks post operatively and if it was still persisting more than six weeks post operatively. All patients with persistent diplopia/symptoms related to disruption of binocular vision had been referred for Orthoptic assessment. In the period from January-December 2003 2147 patients had cataract surgery, 93% of whom had surgery under local anaesthesia. There was a total of 17 (0.8%) cases with persistent disruption of binocular vision post cataract surgery. The aetiology of the binocular problems was divided into three groups 1) refractive, 2) pre-existing deviation and 3) induced deviation. Treatment was by means of prisms, refractive correction, occlusion, Botulinum toxin and surgery. The incidence of disruption of binocular vision in those patients undergoing cataract surgery is not high. However the symptoms that they have can be very difficult for the Orthoptist to eliminate despite a range of treatment modalities. The Orthoptist therefore has an important role in pre-assessment cataract surgery clinics in highlighting those patients in which there are potential binocular complications. Keywords Cataract, diplopia Introduction The incidence of binocular complications has been well documented. The aim of this paper was to assess the incidence of these complications and to re-evaluate the role of Orthoptists in pre-assessment clinics for cataract surgery. Orthoptists in the UK have an increasing role in cataract clinics, carrying out ophthalmic assessments to include biometry both pre-op and post-operatively. The same patients seen in the Cataract clinics may then attend the Orthoptic clinics with binocular complications. Methods
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‘Global Perspectives Converge Dow
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The Burian Memorial Lecture: Factor
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Results Seventy-four patients fulfi
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three years of surgical alignment,
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onto temporal retina, regardless of
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Range of accommodation and binocula
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Table 2 Patient Preoperative fusion
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Assessing The Dominant Eye: A New M
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Figure 1. The Sensory Dominance Tes
Page 25 and 26: Does Dissociation Reduce Stereoacui
Page 27 and 28: Methods Observers were students in
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Page 33 and 34: Results The distance and near stere
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Page 37 and 38: measurement of sensory dominance (3
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 1. Durations of exclusive perc
Page 41 and 42: The results of all four stereotests
Page 43 and 44: varied, from 100% to 80% to 60% to
Page 45 and 46: Can stereo tests be an indicator of
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Page 49 and 50: Stereoacuity Following Unilateral A
Page 51 and 52: Table 1 Pre-operatively Post-operat
Page 53 and 54: Measurement And Improvement Of Visu
Page 55 and 56: Table 1 Criteria for visual skills
Page 57 and 58: Diagnosis And Treatment In Patients
Page 59 and 60: Reduction of asthenopic symptoms -
Page 61 and 62: Monovision By Implanted Intraocular
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Page 67 and 68: Table 3. Mean fusional convergence
Page 69 and 70: Strabismus In Childhood: Unilateral
Page 71 and 72: 12 cases present documented NRCC, 8
Page 73 and 74: The Use Of A Computerised System Fo
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Transactions from the Xth International Orthoptics Congress 2004

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