atlas of urban vulnerability in spain: methodology and contents

2. METHODOLOGY AND CONTENTS.
DOMAIN 1: URBAN VULNERABILITY INDICATORS.
This domain contains 21 thematic maps, corresponding to 20+1 1 Urban Vulnerability
Indicators, grouped in four chapters: Sociodemographic Vulnerability (5 indicators),
Socioeconomic Vulnerability (5+1 indicators), Housing Vulnerability (5 indicators) and
Subjective perception Vulnerability (5 indicators). Its methodology is described below.
Out of these 21 indicators, 3 are considered to be Basic Indicators of Urban
Vulnerability (BIUV): Percentage of unemployed population, Percentage of illiterate
(or without basic education) population, and Percentage of population in dwellings
without toilet or WC. These three indicators are the ones used in the Urban Analysis
of Vulnerable Neighbourhoods in Spain (based on the 1991 and 2001 Censuses) for
the identification of vulnerable neighbourhoods, when the value of these indicators in
the Census sections included in the vulnerable neighbourhood- is above certain
reference value with respect to the average national value 2 .
For each one of the 20+1 indicators, the thematic maps show the values of the
indicator of the Census sections visualized in the screen grouped in quantiles (equal
count) of 5 ranges (each of them with a similar number of Census section, which can
be seen inside the brackets). The user can customize by different means (manually, or
using the Jenks (K-Means), multiples of the standard deviation, or logarithm+multiples
of the standard deviation methods) the number of ranges and the threshold values to
1 Two indicators referring to the Percentage of unemployed young population are presented,
using different methodologies: (7) Percentage of unemployed young population and (7.2)
Percentage of unemployed young population (2).
2 The vulnerability reference value in regards to the indicators Percentage of unemployed
population and Percentage of illiterate (or without basic education) population is established
when the value of the indicator is 50% above the national average value. In the case of the
Percentage of population in dwellings without toilet or WC, the vulnerability reference value is
the double of the national average value.
The Percentage of unemployed population in Spain in 2001 Census was 14.20%. Thus,
the reference value for identifying urban vulnerability is considered to be 21.30% (28%
in 1991).
The Percentage of illiterate (or without basic education) population in Spain in 2001
Census was 15.30%.Thus, the reference value for identifying urban vulnerability is
considered to be 22.95% (28% in 1991).
The Percentage of population in dwellings without toilet or WC in Spain in 2001 Census
was 1.00%. Thus, the reference value for identifying urban vulnerability is considered to
be 2.00%. In 1991 the reference values were: 2% without toilet, 3% without WC and 5%
without bath or shower (as they were not aggregated in just one single indicator).
ATLAS OF URBAN VULNERABILITY IN SPAIN.
METHODOLOGY AND CONTENTS. PAG. 5