Chapter 11 - School District #35

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Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ______________ Working Example 3: Simulations simulation ● using an experiment instead of a real situation Gina uses a simulation to show the probability that both traffic lights will be red on her way to soccer practice. a) What is the experimental probability that both lights are red? Write your answer as a fraction, a decimal, and a percent. red green red green red experimental probability ● the chance of an event occurring based on the results of an experiment number of favourable outcomes ● experimental probability = number of trials Solution Gina records her results from spinning the spinner twice. Complete the chart. Results From Experiment Trial First Light (Green or Red) Second Light (Green or Red) Both Lights Red? (yes or no) 1 R R yes 2 G G no 3 R G 4 G R 5 R R 6 R G 7 R R 8 G G 9 G R 10 G G The chart shows favourable outcomes. How many are yes? P(both lights red) = 10 = The experimental probability that both lights are red is , 0. , or %. 616 MHR ● Chapter 11: Probability
Name: _____________________________________________________ Date: ______________ b) What is the theoretical probability that both lights are red? theoretical probability ● the calculated chance that an event will occur number of favourable outcomes ● theoretical probability = total number of possible outcomes ● example: the probability of tossing heads on a coin is 1 2 Solution The probability that 1 light will be red on the spinner is 3 5 . P(both lights red) = P(first light red) × P(second light red) = 5 3 × 5 3 red green red green red = = ← decimal The theoretical probability that both lights are red is , 0. , or %. c) Compare the experimental and theoretical probabilities. Solution These probabilities are close, but not exactly the same. The experimental probability is (higher or lower) than the theoretical probability. If Gina did the experiment more times, the experimental and theoretical probabilities would likely be closer. 11.3 Determining Probabilities Using Fractions ● MHR 617
Page 1 and 2: CHAPTER 11 Probability GET READY 58
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Page 55: Wrap It Up!, page 631 7. a) Flip #1

Chapter 11 - School District #35

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