Dampness and Mould - WHO guidelines for indoor air quality - PRWeb

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168 WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY: DAMPNESS AND MOULD Reference Participants Outcome TABLE A1.2. CONT. Nasal symptoms Sinus symptoms Throat irritation Nasal symptoms Sinus symptoms Throat irritation Park et al. (2006) 888 occupants of a water-damaged building Nasal symptoms Sinus symptoms Throat irritation Nasal symptoms Sinus symptoms Throat irritation Nasal symptoms Sinus symptoms Throat irritation Nasal symptoms Sinus symptoms Throat irritation Throat irritation Bakke et al. (2007) Dales, Burnett, Zwanenburg (1991) Ruotsalainen, Jaakkola, Jaakkola (1995) Children Cross-sectional studies Bornehag et al. (2005) 173 staff in four university buildings 14 799 parents of school-aged children (aged 5–8 years) 268 female day-care workers 10 851 preschool children (aged 1–6 years) Nasal symptoms Dry throat Upper respiratory tract symptoms Mucosal symptoms Allergic symptoms Mucosal symptoms Allergic symptoms Rhinitis in past 12 months Rhinitis (doctor-diagnosed) Rhinitis in past 12 months Rhinitis (doctor-diagnosed) Rhinitis in past 12 months Rhinitis (doctor-diagnosed) Rhinitis in past 12 months Rhinitis (doctor-diagnosed)
ANNEX 1. SUMMARY OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES 169 Dampness or mould measure Water stains: any Any visible mould Any mould odour Any damp material or standing water Factor combinations, weighted for water stains Factor combinations, weighted for visible mould Fungi i Fungi high, endotoxin low j Fungi low, endotoxin high j Fungi high, endotoxin high j Building dampness Dampness or mould Risk estimate (95% CI) 4.4 (1.2–15.3) 3.8 (1.1–13.4) 2.0 (0.7–5.6) 1.7 (1.0–3.0) 2.0 (1.2–3.4) 1.3 (0.7–2.1) 1.1 (0.6–2.1) 1.3 (0.7–2.5) 2.3 (1.2–4.3) 1.7 (0.5–6.0) 0.8 (0.2–2.9) 1.5 (0.4–5.1) 2.4 (1.3–4.6) 1.8 (1.0–3.4) 1.6 (0.9–3.0) 2.5 (1.3–4.7) 2.2 (1.2–4.1) 1.5 (0.8–2.8) 1.4 (0.93–2.09) 1.5 (0.77–3.01) 1.6 (0.79–3.34) 2.2 (1.20–3.90) 0.42 (0.11–1.65) 0.80 (0.17–3.72) 1.50 (1.30–1.61) Low exposure to water damage, no mould odour High exposure to water damage, mould odour 0.55 (0.26–1.17) 0.41 (0.19–0.89) 1.63 (0.69–3.84) 1.66 (0.71–3.89) Water leakage Floor moisture Visible dampness Condensation on window 1.35 (1.12–1.62) 1.23 (0.83–1.82) 1.75 (1.39–2.21) 1.46 (0.88–2.41) 1.67 (0.94–2.96) 2.95 (1.15–7.59) 1.60 (1.32–1.94) 1.49 (1.00–2.23)
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WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR QUALI
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Keywords AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR - ad
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Abstract Microbial pollution is a k
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4. Health effects associated with d
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VIII WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR
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X Acknowledgements Preparation of t
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XII Executive summary This document
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XIV WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR Q
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XVI WHO GUIDELINES FOR INDOOR AIR Q
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31 3. Moisture control and ventilat
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MOISTURE CONTROL AND VENTILATION 33
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63 4. Health effects associated wit
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH DAMP
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When sufficient moisture is availab
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