Asian Journal of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

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Cheng TF et al. Asian Journal of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics 2009; 9(1):27-49 Asian Journal of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics ISSN 1608-2281 Copyright by Hong Kong Medical Publisher Publisher Homepage: www.hktmc.com Attention on research of pharmacology and toxicology of nanomedicines Tie-Feng Cheng 1, 2 , Yong-Da Sun 3,4, , Duan-Yun Si 2,3 Chang-Xiao Liu 2,3 1 Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China 2 Research Center of New Drug Evaluation, The State Key Laboratories of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300193, China 3 Research Center of Biological Evaluation of Nanopharmaceuticals, China National Academy of Nanotechnology and Engineering, Tianjin, 300457, China 4. Tianjin Crystec Pharmaceutical technology Ltd, Tianjin, 300457, China Abstract Key words In the 21st century, nanoscience and nanotechnology obtains the world attention due to this revolutionary theory and technical features. Nanoscience and nanotechnology cover the theory and technology of physics, chemistry, medicine, material science, biomedical engineering and biology, therefore, they have no less contribution to science and technology as biotechnology and information technology. Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of China’s nanoscience and nanotechnology with widespread influence. It was attended by scientists of the world. Research, development and application of nanotechnology research in China can be summed up in three characteristics: the first, China government in support of sustainable development; the second, significant academic achievements, and the third, a clear consensus on sustainable development for nanoscience and nanotechnology research and development. In this review paper, we discussed the pharmacology and toxicology of nanomedicines, and presented some issues on research and development and application of nanomedicines in the future. Nanoscience; nanotechnology; nanomedicines; pharmacology; toxicology; China; sustainable development; academic achievements Article history Received 26 December 2008; Accepted 27 February 2009 Publication data Pages: 23; Tables: 2; Figures: 1; References: 47; Paper ID: 1608-2281-2009-0901027-23 Corresponding author Professor Chang-Xiao Liu, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 308 An-Shan West Road, Tianjin, 300193, China. E-mail: liuchangxiao@vip.163.com. Introduction Nanoscience and nanotechnology has attracted full attention of scientists around the world due to the breakthrough theory and technical feature. Nanoscience and nanotechnology, as a newly emerging leading-edge discipline, cover many fields such as physics, chemistry, medicine, material science, biomedical engineering and biology, therefore, the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology has contributed more and more deep 27
Cheng TF et al. Asian Journal of Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics 2009; 9(1):27-49 knowledge to other discipline as biotechnology and information technology information technology. [1] Recently, nanotechnology proves its diverse applications to take up the international market in areas of biomedicine, informatics, energy resource, astronautics, oceanography and national defense, and so on. These applications offer huge economic and technological potentialities. Current advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have led to the development of the new field of nanomedicine, which includes many applications of nanomaterials and nanodevices for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. At the Third Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Nanomedicine held at the University of California San Diego, in San Diego, USA, during September 7-8, 2007. The discussion was focused on successful translational nanomedicine: from bench to bedside. There were four keynote lectures and eight scientific symposiums in this meeting. The researchers and investigators reported the results and process of current nanomedicine research and approaches to clinical applications. The meeting provided exciting information for nanomedicine clinical-related researches and strategy for further development of nanomedicine research which will be benefits to clinical practice. [2] Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of China’s nano-science and technology with widespread influence. It was attended by scientists of the world. On January 2008, a proposal to convene a Sino-US symposium on nanomedicine and nanobiology was jointly made by Dr. Elias Zerhouni (Director of the National Institutes of Health, USA), Dr. John E. Niederhuber (Director of the National Cancer Institute, USA and Dr. Samuel Wilson (Director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, USA). To integrate outstanding research forces in China and carry out exchanges with scholars of the world, in particular US, the Xiangshan Science Conference (the 331st Xiangshan Science Conference) on nanotechnology and nanomedicine for cancer treatment held from 21 to 24 October in Beijing, China. Professor Zhao YL (Chinese National Research Center of Nanosceince), Professor Robert P. Blumenthal (Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology ProgramNational Cancer Institute – Frederick, National Institutes of Health, USA, and Professor Michael M. Gottesman (National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA), as co-chairmen of this meeting, lead scientists from China and USA to discussed nanoscience, nanotechnology and nanomedicines for cancer treatment. An emerging field that takes full advantage of expertise and research approaches from such academic disciplines as nanotechnology, biology, chemistry, physics, medicine, pharmaceutics and public health. No single discipline can deal with the new field characterized with a lot of interdisciplinary and comprehensive studies. It is both a topic at the cutting-edge of science development and an important social issue closely related to people’s health and environment, offering unlimited opportunities for innovation. The meeting was focused on nanomedicines and nanotechnology for cancer treatment, environmental health of nanotechnology and its safety, and the strategy and policy for nanotechnology development. Central topics: (1) Molecular Basis of Nanomedicine, (2) Development of “Smart” Nanoparticles, biomarker and targeted delivery for cancer therapy and imaging, (3) Nanotechnology : Path to the clinic promises and hurdles and (4) The molecular basis for engineered nanomaterial interactions with human health and the environment. The 4 topics provided exciting information for nanomedicine researches in basis and clinical research strategy for further development of nanomedicines. [3] Research and development of nanoscience and nanomedicines in China Now in China, nanoscience and nanotechnology become ever more consequential in our lives, we in the scientific community need to better inform and educate the public about the transformations this new nano era is likely to bring. Among the fields that have enjoyed particularly rapid development in China in the past decade are nanoscience and nanotechnology. These terms refer to the growing knowledge base and technical framework for understanding and manipulating matter on nanometer scale ranging from the atomic to the cellular. Like many other countries, we in 28
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