Korsnäs dEsign

Environmental Product Declaration
Korsnäs Light
This declaration has been compiled by:
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd.
Environmental
Product Declaration
Korsnäs design
Korsnäs Light is XXXX
XX
XX
XXXX
Korsnäs AB
PO Box
SE- Sweden
Corporate identity number:
Contact: XX tel. +46, xx@korsnäs.se
For further information visit www.korsnas.com
This is an Environmental Product Declaration of Korsnäs Light,
registered in the International EPD System (www.environdec.com).
The declaration has been developed based on the results of a
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the Product Category Rules for
Processed paper and paperboard (PCR 3214).
The results are divided into Upstream (raw material, energy and
packaging production), Core (pulp and paperboard production)
and Downstream (transport to an average European customer
and waste management) processes.
Manufacturer
Korsnäs AB is one of northern Europe’s leading manufacturers of XX. Korsnäs AB was
established in XX in XX. Today we are established in XX, XX and XX, in addition to Sweden. Korsnäs manufacturing
plant in XX is certified in accordance with ISO XX and ISO XX.
Functional Unit
One tonne of product at an average consumer in Europe
This is an Environmental Product Declaration for Korsnäs Design, registered in the International EPD System
Validity of the EPD
(www.environdec.com). The The declaration geographical has area been and developed the time during based which on the the EPD results is valid of shall a Life be Cycle reported Assessment in the EPD.
(LCA) and the Product Category EPDs from Rules different for Processed programmes paper may not and be paperboard comparable. (PCR 3214).
Information and data given in this EPD can be used as upstream data by a customer who will perform a new
EPD within the system boundaries given in a related PCR.
contact
Agneta Rognli, Manager, Business Communication
phone +46 (0)26 15 10 00
agneta.rognli@korsnas.com
For further information visit www.korsnas.com

korsnäs AB
Korsnäs AB is one of the world’s leading producers
of virgin fibre-based packaging material, primarily
for consumer products. Production is conducted at
the production sites in Gävle, Frövi and Rockhammar,
all in Sweden.
Production capacity amounts to 1.1 million
tonnes of cartonboard and paper annually, with
integrated pulp production. The range of products
includes Liquid Packaging Board, Cartonboard,
White Top Kraftliners and Sack- and Kraftpaper.
The fibre content in Korsnäs’ packaging material
is based on 100% renewable fibres. Korsnäs’
operations have an impact on the environment
through forestry management, use of resources
like energy, chemicals, water and air, and emissions
to water and air.
Korsnäs’ industrial operations are fully certified
in accordance with
• ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004, Quality and
environment management
• FSC CoC/CW and PEFC CoC, FSC and PEFC Forest
management
• SS 627750, Ed 1, Energy management
• BRC/IOP, Hygiene management
declaration of contents
claycoating – for excellent printing results
ECF-bleached fibres – for good printing
results and surface smoothness
unbleached fibres – for strength
Korsnäs design
Korsnäs Design is a fully coated, 100 % virgin fibre
based white top kraftliner with an excellent print
surface for high quality images and eye-catching
effects. The even print surface gives minimal
variations in colour reproduction, high gloss and a
good printing economy. Korsnäs Design is used for
premium corrugated packaging applications and is
mainly developed for pre-print in flexo and offset.
However, this product is extensively used also for
post-print applications with flexo, screen, digital
and offset print. With 100 % virgin fibre content
Korsnäs Design offers high resistance to moisture
and suitability for direct food contact. Typical
applications are shelf-ready packaging and display
solutions for premium brands. Korsnäs Design is
available in grammages between 130 gsm* and
200 gsm. Korsnäs Design is produced at the mill
in Gävle.
*gsm = g/m 2
2

System boundaries
The international EPD system is based on a
hierarchic approach based on the international
standards:
• ISO 9001, Quality management system
• ISO 14001, Environmental management system
• ISO 14044, LCA – Requirements and guidelines
• ISO 14025, Type III environmental declarations
The systems are divided into three life cycle phases:
Upstream: Forestry, production of fertilisers,
production of energy wares, production of chemicals,
auxiliary products and other raw materials,
production of transport packaging.
Core: Transportation of all materials (including
wood) to the core processes, production of pulp,
production of paper and paperboard, cutting and
packing of the products and treatment of waste
generated from the production processes.
Downstream: Distribution of the product and
waste management of transport packaging.
Upstream module
Plans, energy
wares, fertilisation
Raw material
Raw material
Transport
Transport
Transport
Forestry
Energy wares
Other products
and raw material
Transport
packaging
Transport
Transport
Transport
Transport
Core module
Pulp, paper and board
production, coating, cutting etc
Transport
Waste management of
production wastes
Downstream module
Transport
Average converter
(not included)
Transport
Waste management of
transport packaging
Use of final product
(not included)
Transport
Waste management of
final product (not included)
Data included
data not included
3

Environmental Performance
The environmental impact of three selected
grammages representing a low, medium and high
grammage within the product range are presented
in the table below.
The declared unit is one tonne (1000 kg) of
the product delivered at the gate of an average
converter/customer in Europe. As additional
information, the environmental impact is stated
also per 1000 m 2 .
The carbon footprint (greenhouse gas emissions
over the life cycle) is presented in the following
diagram as global warming potential 100 years
(GWP100) in kg CO 2
equivalents per tonne product.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions korsnäs design 145 gsm
kg CO 2
e/tonne
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Forestry
raw materials
energy
packaging materials
transports to mill
board/paper mill
distribution and waste
transport packaging
total
upstream
core
downstream
total
Environmental Impact
Korsnäs design
upstream Core downstream Total total
korsnäs Design 130 gsm kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/1000 m 2
Global warming CO 2
eq. 340 250 50 640 83
Acidification SO 2
eq. 2.1 2.1 0.10 4.3 0.56
3-
Eutrophication PO 4
eq. 0.39 0.88 0.021 1.3 0.17
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq. 2.3E-05 3.8E-08 1.2E-06 2.4E-05 3.1E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C 2
H 4
eq. 0.30 0.074 0.015 0.38 0.049
korsnäs Design 145 gsm
Global warming CO 2
eq. 310 240 50 610 88
Acidification SO 2
eq. 2.0 2.0 0.10 4.1 0.59
3-
Eutrophication PO 4
eq. 0.36 0.88 0.021 1.3 0.19
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq. 2.1E-05 3.6E-08 1.2E-06 2.2E-05 3.2E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C 2
H 4
eq. 0.27 0.072 0.015 0.36 0.052
korsnäs Design 200 gsm
Global warming CO 2
eq. 290 240 50 590 118
Acidification SO 2
eq. 1.9 2.0 0.10 4.0 0.80
3-
Eutrophication PO 4
eq. 0.36 0.81 0.021 1.2 0.24
Ozone-depletion CFC-11 eq. 1.9E-05 3.6E-08 1.2E-06 2.0E-05 4.0E-06
Photochemical oxidant formation C 2
H 4
eq. 0.25 0.070 0.015 0.34 0.068
4

use of resources
The following table presents the total resources used for production and distribution of three
selected grammages representing a low, medium and high grammage within the product range.
Additional information on the use of resources split into the upstream, core and downstream
phases is available on request.
korsnäs korsnäs korsnäs
Natural material resources, renewable design 130 design 145 design 200 unit
Biomass 4.1 3.8 3.9 m 3 s.u.b/tonne
Natural material resources, non-renewable
Inert rock 93 85 78 kg/tonne
Sodium chloride (rock salt) 37 38 36 kg/tonne
Limestone (calcium carbonate) 85 76 63 kg/tonne
Kaolinite (24% in ore as mined) 110 94 72 kg/tonne
Natural Aggregate 13 13 12 kg/tonne
Gravel 18 17 18 kg/tonne
Other 32 31 28 kg/tonne
Energy resources, renewable
Energy, biomass 4200 4000 4100 MJ/tonne
Energy, hydropower 2300 2300 2200 MJ/tonne
Energy resources, non-renewable
Nuclear energy, Uranium 7400 7200 7300 MJ/tonne
Crude oil 5600 5400 5200 MJ/tonne
Natural gas 2800 2500 2300 MJ/tonne
Hard coal 1100 1100 1000 MJ/tonne
Other* 480 470 440 MJ/tonne
*Other refers to resources used in amounts less than 5% of the total.
Other Indicators
The electricity consumption and waste over the life cycle are specified in the tables below.
korsnäs korsnäs korsnäs
Indicator, input design 130 design 145 design 200 unit
Electricity consumption at manufacturing* 980 950 970 kWh/tonne
Water use at manufacturing 96 95 93 m 3 /tonne
Indicator, output
Material subject for recycling 23 23 23 kg/tonne
Hazardous waste 0.062 0.063 0.062 kg/tonne
Other waste 250 230 230 kg/tonne
*Electricity use is also presented as “Energy resources” above.
5

Additional Environmental Information: Potential Environmental gain
Waste minimisation All Korsnäs products are based
on virgin fibres with high strength properties enabling
packaging weight to be reduced.
Recyclability and recovery Korsnäs Design is
recoverable through material recycling and energy
recovery in accordance with the material requirements
stipulated in EN 13430:2004 and EN 13431:2004.
Waste handling All board and paper products
produced by Korsnäs meet the targets specified in
the EU’s waste management hierarchy within the
EU Waste Framework Directive (2006/12/EC) as well
as the essential requirements of the EU Packaging
Waste Directive 94/62/EC.
Biodegradable Korsnäs products are based on
pulp consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose and some
lignin which will be degraded by microorganisms in
nature. The decomposition time required depends
on several factors such as temperature, humidity,
pH and microbiological activity.
Uptake of carbon dioxide in growing forests
Carbon stocks are increasing in Swedish forest
ecosystems, mainly in the living biomass, due to
the fact that the forest growth rate is higher than
the harvest rate. The high growth rate is a result
of efficient and sustainable forest management.
The long-term forest management is to a large
extent driven by the demand for round wood from
the forest industry. The net sequestration (removal)
of biogenic carbon dioxide is calculated based on
the share of the net growth of the photosynthesis
that is allocated to the board. Future scenarios for
harvest rates in Sweden over the next 20 years
conclude that the harvest rate will remain significantly
lower than the growth rate. Note that that the
system boundary settings used to calculate the net
sequestration (removal) of biogenic carbon dioxide
represent forest management and therefore differ
from the product related boundary settings used
elsewhere in the EPD.
korsnäs korsnäs korsnäs
design 130 design 145 design 200 Unit
Net sequestration (removal) of biogenic CO 2
in forests -2900 -2700 -2800 kg CO 2
e/tonne
Detailed environmental information
Below follows a list of detailed emission parameters, some of which are already accounted for in the
environmental impacts presented above. More detailed information is available on request.
korsnäs design 130 korsnäs design 145 korsnäs design 200
Emissions to air* kg/tonne kg/tonne kg/tonne
Carbon dioxide, CO 2
fossil 600 580 560
NOx as NO 2
3.3 3.1 3
Sulphur dioxide, SO 2
2.7 2.5 2.4
Emissions to water*
COD 23 23 21
Phosphorus as P 0.028 0.029 0.026
Nitrogen as N 0.53 0.53 0.5
Suspended solids 5.6 5.6 5.1
AOX 0.095 0.096 0.087
korsnäs design 130 korsnäs design 145 korsnäs design 200
Emissions to air* kg/1000 m 2 kg/1000 m 2 kg/1000 m 2
Carbon dioxide, CO 2
fossil 79 84 110
NOx as NO 2
0,42 0.45 0.6
Sulphur dioxide, SO 2
0,35 0.37 0.49
Emissions to water*
COD 3 3.4 4.2
Phosphorus as P 0.0037 0.0041 0.0052
Nitrogen as N 0.069 0.077 0.1
Suspended solids 0.73 0.81 1
AOX 0.012 0.014 0.017
*The environmental impact of these emissions is already presented under environmental impact above.
6

Korsnäs climate programme
Korsnäs is actively pursuing improvements to minimise
the environmental impact. Through an extensive climate
programme, Korsnäs has made and will continue to make
major investments in resource optimisation in order to
reduce the need for fossil fuels. Investments presently
implemented or planned are:
• New evaporation plant in Gävle (2010)
• Exchange of fossil fuel in lime kiln to biofuel in
Frövi (2010)
• Increase cooperation with the municipality of
Lindesberg for local heating (2011)
• A joint venture with Gävle municipality for a new
bioenergy plant to provide district heating (2012)
References
Eriksson, E., Karlsson, P-E., Hallberg, L., Jelse, K.,
Carbon Footprints of Cartons in Europe – Carbon
Footprint Methodology and biogenic carbon
sequestration, IVL Swedish Environmental Research
Institute, B1924, 2010
Jelse K. & Palm D., 2010, Life cycle assessment
of Korsnäs virgin fibre-based packaging materials.
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute
definitions
Upstream processes Forestry and production of raw
materials and chemicals.
Core processes Production at the board and paper mill
including transportation of all materials (including wood)
to the mill.
Downstream processes Distribution of the product
to an average customer in Frankfurt and waste management
of transport packaging.
Global warming potential Global warming is caused by
increases in the atmospheric concentration of carbon
dioxide (CO 2
) and other Greenhouse gases that absorb
and reflect heat. The global warming potential (GWP)
is declared as CO 2
equivalents.
Acidification Decrease of the pH value in terrestrial and
water systems.
Photochemical oxidant formation Hydrocarbons and
volatile organic carbons (VOCs) contribute to ground
level ozone formation, which has toxic effects on humans
and vegetation.
Hazardous waste Wastes such as sludge, mud, chemical
waste, used oil, soot and radioactive waste from the
production of nuclear power are classified as hazardous.
PCR Product Category Rules specify Environmental
Product Declaration requirements for a specified sector
or product category, see www.environdec.com
Water use The total amount of water used for cooling and
the production process at the board and paper mill.
Net sequestration of biogenic CO2 in forests In
photosynthesis, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is
removed and stored in the growing biomass. In Sweden,
the forest growth rate is higher than the harvest rate,
and the net removal of CO 2
from the atmosphere is here
allocated to the harvested timber. The high growth rate
is a result of efficient and sustainable forest management.
verifications
EPD Programme: The International EPD® System
Note: EPDs from different programs may not be
comparable
Registration no: S-P-00246
Date of publication: 2011-03-15
Validity: 2013-12-31
Valid within the following geographical area: Europe
Data reference year: Production of pulp and paper/
board–2008
Production of CTMP–2009
PCR review conducted by: The technical committee
of the International EPD System,
PCR moderator: Kristian Jelse
PCR: Product category rules for processed paper
and paperboard (CPC 3214), Version 2010-07-07,
Swedish Environmental Management Council.
Independent verification of the data, according to
ISO14025: 2010-12-07
Accredited or approved by: Det Norske Veritas (DNV)
For more information: www.environdec.com
Eutrophication Eutrophication is the disturbance of
the nutritional balance in the soil and waters due to
an added amount of nutrition. In aquatic systems, this
leads to increased production of biomass, which may
lead to oxygen deficiency and fewer living organisms.
Ozone depletion Substances such as freon that deplete
the protective ozone layer in the stratosphere.
7

Korsnäs AB
SE-801 81 Gävle
Sweden
www.korsnas.com
1205en