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Quantum Information, the Ambiguity of the Past, and the Birth ... - PiTP

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Conversely, what else is required, besides disequilibrium, for a<br />

system to generate unbounded depth in <strong>the</strong> limit <strong>of</strong> unbounded<br />

time <strong>and</strong> spatial extent?<br />

How strong is <strong>the</strong> connection between disequilibrium <strong>and</strong><br />

complexity, in <strong>the</strong> sense <strong>of</strong> logical depth?<br />

Are <strong>the</strong>rmal equilibrium states generically shallow? Yes.<br />

• Gibbs phase rule: for generic parameter values, a locally<br />

interacting classical system, <strong>of</strong> finite spatial dimensionality<br />

<strong>and</strong> at finite temperature, relaxes to a unique<br />

Gibbs state <strong>of</strong> lowest bulk free energy.<br />

=> no long term memory<br />

=> as N, t →∞, depth remains bounded<br />

• <strong>Quantum</strong> exception, in 3 or more dimensions.<br />

p<br />

ice<br />

water<br />

T<br />

steam

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