Removal of Bromate and Perchlorate in Ozone/GAC Systems

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The mission of the AWWA Research Foundation is to advance the science of water to improve the quality of life. Funded primarily through annual subscription payments from over 1,000 utili ties, consulting firms, and manufacturers in North America and abroad, AWWARF sponsors research on all aspects of drinking water, including supply and resources, treatment, monitoring and analysis, distribution, management, and health effects. From its headquarters in Denver, Colorado, the AWWARF staff directs and supports the efforts of over 500 volunteers, who are the heart of the research program. These volunteers, serving on various boards and committees, use their expertise to select and monitor research studies to ben efit the entire drinking water community. Research findings are disseminated through a number of technology transfer activities, includ ing research reports, conferences, videotape summaries, and periodicals.
Removal of Bromate and Perchlonate in Conventional____ Ozone/GAC Systems Prepared by: Mary Jo Kirisits Jess C. Brown Vernon L. Snoeyink Lutgarde M. Raskin Joanne C. Chee-Sanford University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 3230 Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory 205 North Mathews Avenue Urbana, Illinois 61801 and Sun Liang Joon Min The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California 700 North Moreno Avenue La Verne, California 91750 Sponsored by: AWWA Research Foundation 6666 West Quincy Avenue Denver, CO 80235-3098 Published by the AWWA Research Foundation and the American Water Works Association
Page 1: AWWA Research Foundation Removal of
Page 6 and 7: Disclaimer This study was funded by
Page 8 and 9: Serum Bottle Experiments ..........
Page 11 and 12: TABLES 1.1 Bromate removal in DFE a
Page 13 and 14: FIGURES 1.1 Effect of influent diss
Page 15: 3.32 Perchlorate removal vs. nitrat
Page 18 and 19: Perchlorate and chlorate salts are
Page 21 and 22: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Bromate (BrO3~) a
Page 23 and 24: scale ozone-BAC plants is likely du
Page 25 and 26: RECOMMENDATIONS 1. To utilize BAG f
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND
Page 29 and 30: PREVIOUS STUDIES - BROMATE 1 Siddiq
Page 31 and 32: ethanol was required to stimulate e
Page 33 and 34: were not measured, they can be pres
Page 35 and 36: one year prior to this experiment,
Page 37 and 38: 2.0 - e • • 8 i 8 a
Page 39 and 40: i S I i.o - 1.4 - 1.2 - 1.0 - 0.8 -
Page 41 and 42: ut the concentrations of oxygen and
Page 43 and 44: species that is able to reduce perc
Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS MA
Page 47 and 48: BAG was formed by extensively prelo
Page 49 and 50: Floating Cover 1 Influent: LMW 20 (
Page 51 and 52: Backwash ing the BAG filters Two of
Page 53 and 54: Table 2.2 Agar recipe for plating e
Page 55 and 56:
Streaked individual colony morpholo
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METHODS UTILIZED FOR PERCHLORATE RE
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Metal-Catalyzed GAG Filter Experime
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perchlorate, nitrite, nitrate, and
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Table 2.5 Serum bottle experiment 2
Page 65 and 66:
CHAPTER 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION B
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a two-week period. Over the two-wee
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To establish the effect of backwash
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o S 25 20 - 15 - 10 - O 50-min EBCT
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In general, the average percent bro
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measured nitrate concentration and
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Two data points in each of Figures
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90 - ^ 80 - 70 - J 60 - o 11 1 50 -
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ench-scale and full-scale B AC filt
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omate removal was sustained (Figure
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Fraction Perchlorate Remaining, Fra
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Figure 3.18 Rods and cocci from the
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seen that the BAG samples contain a
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Bromate Reduction in DDW with Exoge
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The mass balance on nitrate + nitri
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N2O was not detected and no evidenc
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Table 3.10 Results of dilution-to-e
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0 so o U ).0 - I 5.0 U ffl Addition
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o I Io U D o ou - 50 1 40 - 30 - 20
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Wash Tests Table 3.11 lists the res
Page 105 and 106:
The next step was to determine if p
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Jar cio4- 42.8 40.4 40.5 41.1 6 C/C
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of nitrate on perchlorate reduction
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Effluent Perchlorate, C/C l.U 0.8 -
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was decreased. It is interesting to
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1 1.6 1.4 - 1.2 - .1.0- 1.5mg/L Inf
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or 1.5 mg/L nitrate showed no perch
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^——s 0 4 0 234 Incubation Time
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Figure 3.43 illustrates the differe
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Figure 3.44 Rods and protozoa from
Page 125 and 126:
CHAPTER 4. ACTIVITIES AT THE METROP
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Perchlorate is only found in CRW, a
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Residual ozone. To reduce sample ov
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^ influent 0 effluent A mid • inf
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Effect of Nitrate The background ni
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Table 4.2 Control study for chemica
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PILOT-SCALE MOBILE PILOT PLANT STUD
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Mobile Pilot Plant Ozone The ozonat
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Table 4.4 Mobile pilot plant operat
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p o O. i Fraction Bromate Remaining
Page 145 and 146:
CHAPTER 5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
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Bromate removal increased as the in
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virgin Norit GAC showed an ion exch
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Microscopic examination of the biom
Page 153:
CHAPTER 6. RECOMMENDATIONS TO UTILI
Page 156 and 157:
Brock, T. D., M. T. Madigan, J. M.
Page 158 and 159:
Kirisits, M. J., V. L. Snoeyink, an
Page 160 and 161:
Rogers, K. 1997. Water Contaminated
Page 163 and 164:
ABBREVIATIONS AWWA AWWARF American
Page 166:
AWWA Research Foundation Advancing
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Removal of Bromate and Perchlorate in Ozone/GAC Systems

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