An automatic fire searching and suppression system for large spaces

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ARTICLE IN PRESS 306 T. Chen et al. / Fire Safety Journal 39 (2004) 297–307 searching time varied with fire position, fire strength and computation depth of our detection algorithm, which will not be further discussed here. Calculated distance and the actual distance are fairly accordant. The deviation is mainly due to the low precision of the pivot angle fed back to the computer. The angle measuring device in the fire monitor is quite simple and the motor gears also have mechanical errors. Extinguishing time T is usually smaller than 6 s because the fire strength in our tests is very small while the water flux is relatively large. Generally, larger e caused longer extinguishing time. Usually, if the water stream dose not hit the fire spot initially, it will cover the fire spot while the fire monitor is swinging. 4. Conclusion Fire searching and suppression were combined together and realized automatically in the automatic fire monitor system. Displacement and pivot angle of the CCD camera in fire searching process are the essential parameters to calculate the space coordinates of fire. Once the direction and the distance of the fire are obtained, the horizontal pivot angle and the vertical elevation of the fire monitor can be calculated according to water pressure. The fire searching precision is enough for practical use and the suppression effect is also satisfactory. Remote and automatic control of the fire monitor improves its efficiency and adaptability. Moreover, it provides more safety in fire fighting and is very economical when incorporated with fire protection system for large spaces use. Instead of installing multiple layers of sprinklers, the application of the fire monitor will not influence the inside sight of the buildings. It can be very useful to apply this technology in large spaces such as large museums, palaestras, showplaces and storehouses. References [1] Chow WK. Performance of sprinkler in atria. J Fire Sci 1996;14(6):466–88. [2] Gott JE, Natariani KA. Analysis of high bay hangar facilities for detector sensitivity and placement. Society of fire protection engineers. Honors Lecture Series, May 20, 1996, Proceedings. Engineering seminars: Fire Protection Design for High Challenge of Special Hazard Applications, May 21–22, 1996, Boston, MA, 1996. [3] Hankins J. ESFR sprinklers–the facts you should know. Fire Prevention and Fire Safety Eng J 1995; 2(6). [4] Kung HC, et al. Early suppression fast response (ESFR) sprinkler protection for 12 m high warehouses. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Fire Safety Science. Melbourne, 1997. [5] Yao C. Overview of sprinkler technology research. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Fire Safety Science. Melbourne, 1997. [6] Chow WK. Full-scale burning facilities for atrium fire research. Fire Safety Sci 1993;2(2):61–4 [in Chinese].
ARTICLE IN PRESS T. Chen et al. / Fire Safety Journal 39 (2004) 297–307 307 [7] Liu Shenyou, et al. Automatic orientating fire extinguishing monitor. China Safety Sci J 2001; 11(2):37–41 [in Chinese]. [8] Yuan Hongyong, Chen Tao, Su Guofeng, Liu Binghai. Fire location and suppression with automatic hydrant in large space. Second NRIFD Symposium—Science, Technology and Standards for Fire Suppression Systems, Proceedings. Tokyo, Japan: 17th–19th July, 2002. [9] Cooper LY. The interaction of an isolated sprinkler spray and a two-layer compartment fire environment. Phenomena and model simulations. Fire Safety J 1995;26(1):1–33. [10] Fan Weicheng, Yuan Hongyong, Liu Shenyou. The integrated system for fire detection and extinction. Fire Safety Sci 1995;4(3):49–53 [in Chinese]. [11] Gao Wen, Chen Xilin. Computer vision—algorithm and principle. Tsinghua University Press: Beijing; 1999. [12] Yuan Hongyong, et al. Image type intelligent fire detection and location method. Safety Eng 1996; (3):17–19 [in Chinese].
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