open access: Nature Reviews: Key Advances in Medicine

More documents

Recommendations

Info

CARDIOLOGY Box 1 | Abbreviations and definitions CHADS2 Congestive heart failure (1 point) Hypertension (1 point) Age ≥75 years (1 point) Diabetes mellitus (1 point) Stroke or thromboembolism (2 points) CHA DS -VASc 2 2 Congestive heart failure (1 point) Hypertension (1 point) Age ≥75 years (2 points) Diabetes mellitus (1 point) Sex, female (1 point) Vascular disease (1 point) Age 65–74 years (1 point) Stroke or thromboembolism (2 points) HAS-BLED Hypertension (uncontrolled blood pressure) Abnormal renal or liver function Stroke Bleeding history or predisposition Labile international normalized ratio (INR) Elderly (age >65 years) Drugs concomitantly (for example, concomitant aspirin or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, or alcohol abuse) Net clinical benefit [ISR with no treatment – ISR on treatment] – 1.5*[IHR on treatment – IHR with no treatment] Abbreviations: IHR, intracranial-hemorrhage rate; ISR, ischemic-stroke rate. noninferior to warfarin for the primary end point of stroke and systemic embolism (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66–0.96, P
9. Lip, G. Y. H. et al. Bleeding risk assessment and management in atrial fibrillation patients: executive summary of a position document from the European Heart Rhythm Association [EHRA], endorsed by the European Society of Cardiology HEART FAILURE IN 2011 Heart failure therapy—technology to the fore John J. V. McMurray Studies published in 2011 in the field of heart failure have reinforced the benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with mild symptoms and confirmed the value of left ventricular assist devices and CABG surgery in selected patients. Conversely, the efficacy of nesiritide in acute heart failure has been questioned. McMurray, J. J. V. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 9, 73–74 (2012); doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2011.212 Although many interesting studies on epidemio logy, pathophysiology, and biomarkers in heart failure (HF) were published in 2011, my focus in this article is on treatments that are available for use and can make an impact in everyday practice. Five important studies, covering device and drug therapy, and surgery in patients with HF will be discussed. In August 2011, a follow-up report from MADIT-CRT 1 reinforced the impressive effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on outcomes among patients with HF, even in those with mild symptoms. The investigators showed that CRT plus a defibrillator, compared with a defibrillator alone, reduced the risk of a first episode of worsening HF by 46% (P
Page 1 and 2: January 2012 KEY ADVANCES IN MEDICI
Page 3 and 4: Cover image: Hippocrates of Cos ref
Page 5 and 6: CARDIOLOGY ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
Page 7: 5. Alexander, J. H. et al. Apixaban
Page 11 and 12: HYPERTENSION IN 2011 New insights
Page 13 and 14: 9. Bibbins-Domingo, K. et al. Proje
Page 15 and 16: CLINICAL ONCOLOGY OVARIAN CANCER IN
Page 17 and 18: malignancy and, until recently, doc
Page 19 and 20: in CLL. Four cases were analyzed an
Page 21 and 22: of patients. 1,2 The phase III BRIM
Page 23 and 24: metastasis has provided a new speci
Page 25 and 26: ENDOCRINOLOGY THYROID DISEASE IN PR
Page 27 and 28: gene that encodes steroid 11β-hydr
Page 29 and 30: using the Rotterdam cri teria (two
Page 31 and 32: (HNF-4α), a crucial regulator of g
Page 33 and 34: some concerns have been raised over
Page 35 and 36: immunoglobulin modulates costimulat
Page 37 and 38: GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY HEPAT
Page 39 and 40: HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN 2011 Ge
Page 41 and 42: focused on the optimization of curr
Page 43 and 44: Microbes account for 10-fold more c
Page 45 and 46: luminal nutrients can have acute ef
Page 47 and 48: NEPHROLOGY GLOMERULAR DISEASE IN 20
Page 49 and 50: (ADPKD) detach from renal tubules a
Page 51 and 52: Although NGAL has been shown in mul
Page 53 and 54: with respect to care-plan modificat
Page 55 and 56: any survival benefit or a renal pro
Page 57 and 58: have not been compared systematical
Page 59 and 60:
STROKE IN 2011 Major advances acros
Page 61 and 62:
MOVEMENT DISORDERS IN 2011 Translat
Page 63 and 64:
acts by reversi bly inhibiting dihy
Page 65 and 66:
of stroke-related death compared wi
Page 67 and 68:
Key advances ■ Early‑onset refr
Page 69 and 70:
RHEUMATOLOGY RA IN 2011 Advances in
Page 71 and 72:
JIA IN 2011 New takes on categoriza
Page 73 and 74:
Genetic predisposition Subphenotype
Page 75 and 76:
stiffen ing and the formation of ad
Page 77 and 78:
the fourth are not yet available. M
Page 79 and 80:
accuracy of 94.3%, 2 a substantial
Page 81 and 82:
UROLOGY PROSTATE CANCER IN 2011 Red
Page 83 and 84:
BLADDER CANCER IN 2011 The dawn of
Page 85 and 86:
Aging Study (MMAS) and the multinat
Page 87 and 88:
ather information on the 95 th perc
Page 89 and 90:
P = 0.03). When the analysis was li
show all

open access: Nature Reviews: Key Advances in Medicine

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?