Current Titles in Wildland Fire, May 2012 - Association for Fire Ecology

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Current Titles in Wildland Fire, May 2012 Title: is Foliar Flammability of Woody Species Related to Time Since Fire and Herbivory in Northwest Patagonia, Argentina Source: Journal of Vegetation Science, Available Online, February, 2012 Year: 2012 Keywords: Ecology Wildlife Argentina Abstract: at Plant Level, Variability in Flammability-related Foliar Properties is Strongly and Consistently Related to Time Since Last Fire, Whereas Effects of Cattle Are More Variable Across Species and treatments. In Comparison With Unburned Forests, the Dominant Woody Species at Shrubland Sites Showed Reduced Leaf Moisture, Leaf Size and Specific Leaf Area. Under Pressure From Cattle, n. Antarctica, One of the Most Important Woody Species in These Shrublands, Showed Changes in Some Foliar Traits Expected to Enhance Flammability (e.g. Shorter Time to Ignition) but Overall the Influence of Cattle on Flammability Was Not Consistent. The Current Study Demonstrates that Plant Foliar Traits Vary Between Recently Burned and Unburned Sites, and that These Variations may Enhance Foliar Flammability in Shrubland Communities. How to Locate: Contact Meliblackhall@gmail.com Author(s): Blake, David, Katie Lu, Pierre Horwitz and Mary C. Boyce Title: Fire Suppression and Burnt Sediments: Effects on the Water Chemistry of Fire-affected Wetlands Source: International Journal of Wildland Fire, Available Online, April 2012 Year: 2012 Keywords: Erosion Soils Wetlands Ecology Acid Sulfate Soils, Kilfire, Phos-chek Abstract: Preventing Fire From Entering Wetland Areas During Seasonal or Prolonged Drought, or Suppressing Fire Once It Has Entered A Wetland, Requires Consideration of the Consequences of the fire-management Action on Water Quality. Two Approaches Can Be Taken to Suppress Such Fires: Chemical Fire Retardants or the Flooding of Sediments. We Determine A Lack of Information Relating to the Effects of These Approaches for Water Quality Within Fireaffected Wetlands. The Aim of This Study Was to Gain A Preliminary Understanding of the Effects of Three Treatments: Two Chemical treatments and Saturation. Microcosms Were Established to Test Sediments From A Wetland on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Which Were Exposed to Temperatures Ranging From 30 to 800xc. The Results Indicate that One of the Fire-retardant Chemicals Increased the Soluble Nutrient Load Present in the Water Column, as Predicted by the Results of Other Research. However, the Same chemical Had A Minor but Important Effect as An Acidity Buffer When the Organic, Pyritic Sediment Was Heated but Not Burnt. The Second Chemical Treatment Did Not Increase the Nutrient Load but neither Did It Buffer the Acidity Generated by the Heating and Burning of the Organic Sediment. It Was Virtually Indistinguishable From the Saturation Treatment in This Regard. How to Locate: Contact D.blake@ecu.edu.au Author(s): Bodi, M. B. Doerr, S. H., Cerda, A. and Mataix-solera, J. Title: Hydrological Effects of A Layer of Vegetation Ash on Underlying Wettable and Water Repellent Soil Source: Geoderma, in Press Year: 2012 Keywords: Hydrology Soils Wettability Abstract: Hydrological Processes After A Wildfire May Take Place Under Soil Conditions Altered by Heat and by the Presence of Ash. Soil and Ash Interact as A Two-layer System With Poorly Understood hydrological Properties, Especially When Ash Covers Water Repellent Soil. Here 10
Current Titles in Wildland Fire, May 2012 We Quantify the Effect of An Ash Layer (0, 5, 15 and 30 Mm Depth) Covering Wettable and Water Repellent Soil on (i) the Hydrological Response and the Mechanism of Runoff Generation and (ii) the Water Repellency Dynamics, for A Rainfall Event Followed by Different Drying Periods and A Second rainfall Event. Laboratory Rainfall Simulation Experiments (82.5 Mm H-1 During 40 Min) at Small Plot-scale (0.09 M2) Were Performed and Surface and Subsurface Flow, Sediment Yield, splash Detachment and Moisture Content Evolution Determined. Wettable Soil Without Ash Cover Generated No Surface Runoff, but as A Twolayer System Temporary Surface Runoff Was produced When Ash Became Saturated, Until Water Drained Through the Soil. Wetting and Drying Changed the Hydrological Properties of Ash, Increasing Surface Runoff for All Ash Depths. Over water Repellent Soil, the Ash Layer Delayed and Reduced Surface Runoff Proportionally to Ash Depth (r = 0.99), Reduced Soil Water Repellency and Promoted Fingered Subsurface Flow. Ash protected the Soil From Splash and Sheet Erosion, Particularly for Water Repellent Soil. The Results Demonstrate that (i) the Presence of An Ash Layer Can Have Contrasting Effects on surface Runoff, Depending on the Wettability of the Underlying Soil, and (ii) A Single Wetting and Drying Event Can Substantially Modify Ash Hydrological Properties. How to Locate: Contact Merche.bodi@uv.es Author(s): Braithwaite, N. T. And Mallik, A. U. Title: Edge Effects of Wildfire and Riparian Buffers Along Boreal Forest Streams Source: Journal of Applied Ecology 49: 192-201 Year: 2012 Keywords: Ecology Abstract: We Discovered that the Ecological Structure at Buffer and Fire Edges in Boreal Forests Creates Different Environmental Filters Supporting Different Plant Assemblages. Lower Structural and Microclimatic Dees and Mees at the Fire Edge Result From (i) Edge Location, (ii) Intact Shrub Layer and (iii) Disturbance-resilient Riparian Vegetation. We Suggest that Replacing the conventional Sharp Edges of the Riparian Clear-cut Buffer With "feathered" Edges by Selective Harvesting of Trees Will Create Wider Edges Mimicking Wildfire Legacy and Will Help to Emulate natural Disturbance for Conserving Biodiversity. How to Locate: Contact Amallik@lakeheadu.ca Author(s): Bruna, Emilio M. And Ana Segalin De Andrade Title: Edge Effects on Growth and Biomass Partitioning of An Amazonian Understory Herb (heliconia Acuminata; Heliconiaceae) Source: American Journal of Botany 98: 1727-1734 Year: 2011 Keywords: Ecology Abstract:...the Bdffps Experimentally Isolated Fragments Are Protected From Fire, the Presence of Charred Logs, Soil Charcoal, A Less Sparse And...observations) Suggests that the Forest edge Had Been Affected by Fire that Had Been Used to Clear the Adjacent Pastures (sensu Ribeiro... How to Locate: Contact Embruna@ufl.edu Author(s): Bryant, G. L., Dundas, S. J., Fleming, P. A. Title: Tree Hollows Are of Conservation Importance for A Near-threatened Python Species Source: Journal of Zoology 286: 81-92 Year: 2012 Keywords: Ecology Wildlife Python Snake Abstract: .... Microhabitats. When Within Tree Hollows Over Winter, Pythons Had Colder Daily Average and Maximum Body Temperatures (cf. Pythons that Used Other Microhabitats), but This Did Not give Them An Energy Saving (in Terms of Body Condition Scores). Pythons Ate 11
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