Current Titles in Wildland Fire, May 2012 - Association for Fire Ecology

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Current Titles in Wildland Fire, May 2012 However, Pre-columbian Human Impact in Amazonian Savannas Remains Poorly Understood. Most Paleoecological Studies Have Been conducted in Neotropical Forest Contexts. Of Studies Done in Amazonian Savannas, None Has the Temporal Resolution Needed to Detect Changes Induced by Either Climate or humans Before and After A.d. 1492, and Only A Few Closely Integrate Paleoecological and Archaeological Data. We Report A High-resolution 2,150-y Paleoecological Record From A french Guianan Coastal Savanna that Forces Reconsideration of How Pre-columbian Savanna Peoples Practiced Raised-field Agriculture and How the Ce Impacted These societies and Environments. Our Combined Pollen, Phytolith, and Charcoal Analyses Reveal Unexpectedly Low Levels of Biomass Burning Associated With Pre-a.d. 1492 Savanna raised-field Agriculture and A Sharp Increase in Fires Following the Arrival of Europeans. We Show that Pre-columbian Raised-field Farmers Limited Burning to Improve agricultural Production, Contrasting With Extensive Use of Fire in Pre-columbian Tropical Forest and Central American Savanna Environments, as Well as in Present-day Savannas. the Charcoal Record Indicates that Extensive Fires in the Seasonally Flooded Savannas of French Guiana Are A Post-columbian Phenomenon, Postdating the Collapse of Indigenous populations. The Discovery that Pre-columbian Farmers Practiced Fire-free Savanna Management Calls Into Question the Widely Held Assumption that Pre-columbian amazonian Farmers Pervasively Used Fire to Manage and Alter Ecosystems and Offers Fresh Perspectives on An Emerging Alternative Approach to Savanna Land Use and conservation that Can Help Reduce Carbon Emissions. How to Locate: Download With Google How to Locate: Fire Research Institute, Pdf Number 81980 Author(s): Jacquin, Laurent, Michelet, Pierre, Brocq, Francois-xavier, Houel, Jean-guillaume, Truchet, Xavier; Auffray, Jean-pierre; Carpentier, Jean-pierre; Jammes, Yves Title: Short-term Spirometric Changes in Wildland Firefighters Source: American Journal of Industrial Medicine 54: 819-825 Year: 2011 Keywords: Health How to Locate: Contact Laurent.jacquin@ap-hm.fr Author(s): Jenkins, M. J., E. G. Hebertson, W. G. Page and W. E. Lindquist Title: A Tool to Estimate the Impact of Bark Beetle Activity on Fuels and Fire Behavior Source: Fire Management Today 71(3): 36-41 Year: 2011 Keywords: Management How to Locate: Download at Treesearch How to Locate: Fire Research Institute, Pdf Number 81904 Author(s): Jenkins, Michael J., Wesley G. Page, Elizabeth G. Hebertson and Martin E. Alexander Title: Fuels and Fire Behavior Dynamics in Bark Beetle-attacked Forests in Western North America and Implications for Fire Management Source: Forest Ecology and Management 275: 23-34 Year: 2012 Keywords: Behavior Insects Fuel Ecology Abstract: Declining Forest Health Attributed to Associations Between Extensive Bark Beetle-caused Tree Mortality, Accumulations of Hazardous Fuels, Wildfire, and Climate Change Have Catalyzed changes in Forest Health and Wildfire Protection Policies of Land Management Agencies. These Changes Subsequently Prompted Research to Investigate the Extent to Which Bark Beetle- altered Fuel Complexes Affect Fire Behavior. Although Not Yet Rigorously Quantified, the Results of the Investigations, in Addition to A Growing Body of Operational Experience, Indicate that predictable Changes in Surface, Ladder and Canopy Fuel 38
Current Titles in Wildland Fire, May 2012 Characteristics Do Occur Over the Course of A Bark Beetle Rotation. Input of These Changes in Fuel Characteristics Into Conventional Fire behavior Modeling Systems Can Readily Provide Predictions of Potential Fire Behavior, Including the Likelihood of Crowning. However, Several Factors Limit the Direct Application of These modeling Systems in Their Current Form and Consequently, They May Largely Under Predict Fire Potential in Such Stands. This ... How to Locate: Contact Mike.jenkins@usu.edu How to Locate: Fire Research Institute, Pdf Number 81911 Author(s): Johnson, Joshua B., Ford, W. Mark, Edwards, John W. Title: Roost Networks of Northern Myotis (myotis Septentionalis) in A Managed Landscape Source: Forest Ecology and Management 266: 223-231 Year: 2012 Keywords: Fission-fusion, Graph Theory, Myotis Septentrionalis, Roosting, Social Groups, West Virginia Abstract: Maternity Groups of Many Bat Species Conform to Fission-fusion Models and Movements Among Diurnal Roost Trees and Individual Bats Belonging to These groups Use Networks of Roost Trees. Forest Disturbances May Alter Roost Networks and Characteristics of Roost Trees. Therefore, at the Fernow Experimental Forest in west Virginia, We Examined Roost Tree Networks of Northern Myotis (myotis Septentrionalis) in Forest Stands Subjected to Prescribed Fire and in Unmanipulated control Treatments in 2008 and 2009. Northern Myotis Formed Social Groups Whose Roost Areas and Roost Tree Networks Overlapped to Some Extent. Roost Tree networks Largely Resembled Scale-free Network Models, as 61% Had A Single Central Node Roost Tree. In Control Treatments, Central Node Roost Trees Were in early Stages of Decay and Surrounded by Greater Basal Area Than Other Trees Within the Networks. In Prescribed Fire Treatments, Central Node Roost Trees Were small in Diameter, Low in the Forest Canopy, and Surrounded by Low Basal Area Compared to Other Trees in Networks. Our Results Indicate that Forest Disturbances, including Prescribed Fire, Can Affect Availability and Distribution of Roosts Within Roost Tree Networks. How to Locate: Download With Treesearch How to Locate: Fire Research Institute, Pdf Number 81760 Author(s): Johnston, Daniel C Title: Quantifying the Fuel Load, Fuel Structure and Fire Behaviour of Forested Bogs and Blowdown Source: M. S. Thesis, Forestry, University of Toronto, 149 Pages Keywords: Wildfire Fuel Type Fire Behaviour Blowdown Forested Bog Year: 2012 Abstract: A Study Was Undertaken to Characterize Two Dynamic Fuel Types Not Included in the Canadian Forest Fire Behaviour Prediction System: Forested Bogs and Blowdown. Fuel load and Structure Were Measured at Ten Forested Bog Sites in Central Alberta Along A 108 Year Post-fire Chronosequence. Canopy Bulk Density Increased Following A Sigmoidal curve Between 0.00 and 0.54 Kg-m-3. Crown Fire Potential Was Modeled Using A General Crown Fire Behaviour Model and Found to Follow A Similar Sigmoidal Pattern Increasing with Time-since-fire. Blowdown Fuel Loads Were Measured at Six Sites in Northwestern Ontario and Ranged From 13.4 to 18.9 Kg-m-2. Elevated Fine Blowdown Fuels Were Found to Have Faster Reaction Times and Dry More Rapidly Than Predicted by the Fine Fuel Moisture Code. Detailed Observations Were Also Made of Fire Behaviour in Blowdown Fuels How to Locate: Download at Https: 39
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