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11.
Ecological Footprint
www.globalfootprint.org
The Ecological Footprint measures the area of biologically productive
land and water required to provide the resources used and absorb
the carbon dioxide waste generated by human activity, under
current technology. It is measured in standard units called global
hectares (GHA).
One gha represents a hectare of forest, cropland, grazing land or
fishing grounds with world average productivity. The calculation
methodology was developed by the Global Footprint Network.
Carbon Footprint
The product carbon footprint is a measure of potential contribution
to climate change due to the amount of greenhouse gases (GHG)
released by production chain processes.
This contribution, global warming potential (GWP), is measured in
terms of mass of CO₂ equivalent and is calculated by multiplying the
specific GHG emissions (mainly CO₂, N₂O, CH₄) by the specific conversion
factors defined by the IPCC (www.ipcc.ch). Many protocols
are available for its calculation.
Glossary
Water Footprint
www.waterfootprint.org
The water footprint of a product is the volume of freshwater used to
produce the product, measured over the full supply chain.
It is a multi-dimensional indicator, showing water consumption
volumes by source and polluted volumes by type of pollution; all
components of a total water footprint are specified geographically
and temporally. The calculation methodology was developed by the
Water Footprint Network.
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