Antioxidant activity of Triphala Megaext - International Journal of ...

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
______________________________________________________________________Research Paper
Antioxidant activity of Triphala Megaext
Sonkar Rinki, Mishra R. N.
Sagar Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sagar,M.P, India
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Abstract
(A) ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TRIPHALA MEGAEXT
(B)Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activities of Triphala megaExt, an Indian medicinal preparation.
Methods: Antioxidant activity of Triphala was determined by DPPH, Superoxide radical scavenging activity and
Reducing power methods.
Result: The sample possesses statistically significance DPPH free radical scavenging activity (P

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
values, Moisture content and Extractive values.
The completely dried material (Harad, bahera and
Amla) were coarsely powdered and All three herbs
were mixed together with equal ratio (1:1:1) by
weight and then extracted with six different
solvents in order of increasing polarity to get the
correct and dependable retention factor. Different
solvents are used in order of increase polarity
are:(Pet .ether(60-80 0 c),Benzene, Chloroform,
Ethyl acetate ,Ethanol (70%), Aqueous /water).
Each of six extract are concentrated by distilling
and then air dried. Mix the all extracts to form
Triphala megaExt. Then Phytochemical screening
of Triphala mega Ext includes are; alkaloids,
glycosides, volatile oils, tannins, saponins, sugars,
etc.
EXPERIMENTAL / METHOD
DPPH radical scavenging activity: The method is
based on the reduction of colored solution of DPPH
(1, 1-diphenyl-2picryl hydrazyl) in presence of test
drug measured at 517nm. The free radical
scavenging capacity of the Triphala megaExt was
determined using DPPH method of DPPH solution
(0.004% w/v) was prepared in 95% methanol.
Ascorbic acid solution preparation: 1000µg/ml
stock solution was prepared by dissolving 10mg of
ascorbic acid in 10 ml of methanol. From this 20,
40, 60, and 80,100 µg/ml ascorbic acid solutions
were prepared. The megaextracts were mixed with
95% methanol to prepare the stock solution (10
mg/100mL). The concentration of this megaExt
solution was 10 mg /100 mL. Stock solution 2ml,
4ml, 6ml, 8ml & 10ml of this solution were taken
in five test tubes & by serial dilution with same
solvent were made the final volume of each test
tube up to 10 ml whose concentration was then
20µg/ml, 40µg/ml, 60µg/ml, 80µg/ml & 100µg/ml
respectively. Freshly prepared DPPH solution
(0.004% w/v) was added in each of these test
tubes containing megaExt (20 µg/mL., 40µg/mL.,
60µg/mL., 80µg/mL., and 100µg/mL.) and after 10
min, the absorbance was taken at 517 nm using a
spectrophotometer. Control sample was prepared
containing the same volume without any extract
was used as blank. % scavenging of the DPPH free
radical was measured using the following equation.
Results are shown in table and graphically
% inhibition = [(Ao-At) / Ao x 100]
Where Ao was the absorbance of the control
(blank, without extract) and At was the
absorbance in the presence of the extract (Vani et
al., 1997).
Superoxide radical scavenging activity: This
activity was measured using NBT (Nitro blue
tetrazolium reagent). The method is based on
generation of superoxide radical (O - 2 ) by auto
oxidation of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in
presence of NBT, which gets reduced to nitrite.
Nitrite in presence of EDTA gives a color that can
be measured at 560 nm. Various concentrations
(20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µg/ml) of test solutions were
taken in test tube. To this, reaction mixture
consisting of 1 ml of 50 mM sodium carbonate, 0.4
ml of 24 mM NBT 0.2 ml of 0.1 mM EDTA
solution were added to the test tube and zero
minute reading was taken at 560 nm. The reaction
was initiated by the addition of 0.4 ml of 1 mM
hydroxylamine hydrochloride to the above
solution. Reaction mixture was incubated at 25 0 C
for 15 minute; the reduction of NBT was measured
at 560 nm. Absorbance was recorded and %
inhibition was calculated according to the
following equation. % inhibition = [(Ao-At) / Ao x
100]
Where Ao was the absorbance of the control
(blank, without extract) and At was the absorbance
in the presence of the extract (Vani et al., 1997).
Reducing power: The reducing power of the
megaExt was determined according to the method
.Various concentrations of the mega Ext (20, 40,
60, 80, 100 µg/ml) in 1.0 ml of demonized water
were mixed with phosphate buffer (2.5 ml, 0.2M,
pH 6.6) and 1% potassium ferricynide (2.5 ml).
The mixture was incubated at 50 0 C for 20 min.
aliquots of trichloroacetic acid (2.5 ml, 10%) were
added to the mixture, which was then centrifuged at
3000 rpm for 10 min. The upper layer of solution
(2.5 ml) was mixed with distilled water (2.5 ml)
and a freshly prepared fecl 3 solution (0.5 ml, 1%).
The absorbance was measured at 700 nm.
Increased absorbance of the reaction mixture
indicated increased reducing power (Vani et al.,
1997).
Statistical analysis: All the values are expresses as
mean ± SD and data was analyzed by one-way
ANOVA, using Graphpad INSTAT. The post-hock
analysis was carried out by Dunnet’s multiple
comparison tests to estimate the significance of
difference between individual groups.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Phytochemical screening reveals that the major
constituents of Triphala megaExtract are phenolic
compound, glycosides alkaloid, and flavanoid
were, phenolic compounds which may be
responsible for the activities of antioxidant.
DPPH radical scavenging activity: Triphala
megaExt had significant scavenging effect on the
DPPH free radical which increased with increasing
concentration from 20-100 µg/ml. The scavenging
effect of sample was lower than that of Ascorbic
acid. The sample posseses statistically significance
DPPH free radical scavenging activity (P

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
Superoxide radical scavenging activity: Triphala
megaExt is found to posses scavenging effect on
superoxide anion in a concentration dependent
manner % of inhibition. Sample of 100 µg/ml
inhibited the production of superoxide anion
radical by 84.3% showing strong superoxide
radical scavenging activity. Howerever the
activity was lesser than the Ascorbic acid.
Reducing power: The reducing power activity of
Triphala megaExt (sample) and Ascorbic acid
increases absorbance with increasing concentration
dependent manner.
DISCUSSION
The results of this study, it is clearly indicate
that Triphala megaExt have high antioxidant
activity and radical scavenging activity against
various antioxidant systems in vitro. These assays
have important applications for the food and
pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, Triphala
megaExt can be used as an easily accessible source
of natural antioxidants and as a possible food
supplement.
CONCLUSION
In our present study we conclude that
megaExtract of Triphala has good antioxidant
property and could be attributed to the presence of
flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponin glycosides
and phenolic compounds. It was already reported
that naturally occurring phenolic compounds have
free redical scavenging property.
Table 1. Effect of megaExt of Triphala in DPPH Antioxidant model
S.No. Conc.µg/ml Sample Ascorbic acid
1. 20 6.8 13.2
2. 40
13.61 23.15
3. 60
22.97 30.6
4. 80
33.61 41.7
5. 100
40.85 55.6
Table 2. Effect of megaExt of Triphala in Superoxide Antioxidant model
S.No. Conc.µg/ml Sample Ascorbic acid
1. 20
2. 40
3. 60
4. 80
5. 100
37.1 42.8
47.7 58.4
54.23 69.43
72.5 83.7
84.3 92.1
Table 3. Effect of megaExt of Triphala in reducing power
S.No. Conc.µg/ml Reducing Power
Mean ± SEM Sample
Ascorbic acid
1. 20 0.292±0.002 0.463±0.002
2. 40 0.467±0.0001 0.672±0.001
3. 60 0.755 ±0.005 0.276±0.001
4. 80
0.927±0.0009
1.302±0.004
5. 100 01.203±0.001 1.691±0.006
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International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences ISSN: 2229-3701
DPPH Assay
%inhibition
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
20 40 60 80 100
Concentration
sample
Ascorbic
Graph: 1. Comparative effect of megaExt of Triphala (sample) and Ascorbic acid on DPPH assay
Superoxide scavenging
100
%inhibition
80
60
40
20
sample
Ascorbic
0
20 40 60 80 100
Concentration
Graph: 2. Comparative effect of megaExt of Triphala (sample) and Ascorbic acid on Superoxide
scavenging activity
Reducing power
Absorbance
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
20 40 60 80 100
Concentration
sample
Ascorbic
Graph: 3 Comparative effect of megaExt of Triphala (sample) and Ascorbic acid on Reducing power.
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