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test <strong>you</strong>r understanding 1 Which of the following statements concerning the stimulus energy for vision is incorrect? a Electromagnetic energy of about 380 nanometres is perceived as blue or violet. b Electromagnetic energy of about 760 nanometres is perceived as red. c Electromagnetic energy of about 380 nanometres is not visible to humans. d Electromagnetic energy of about 800 nanometres is not visible to humans. 2 Rods are most responsive to electromagnetic energy of which colour? a violet/blue b blue/green c green/yellow d orange/red 3 Which of the following lists the groups of visual perceptual principles that we use to organise and help interpret stimuli? a perceptual constituencies; Gestalt principles; depth and distance cues b perceptual set; Gestalt principles; expectancies c depth and distance cues; perceptual constancies; Gestalt principles d visual illusions; Gestalt principles; depth and distance cues. 4 Which of the following correctly pairs the names of two sets of visual perceptual principles with examples from those sets? a Gestalt principles—linear perspective; depth and distance cues—convergence b perceptual set—expectancies; Gestalt principles—closure c depth and distance cues—retinal disparity; Gestalt principles—orientation constancy d Gestalt principles—figure-ground; depth and distance cues—texture gradient. 5 As I was driving along the freeway a huge truck came hurtling up behind me. It seemed to take ages for the long body to get past as it overtook me. Afterwards it gradually disappeared up the road in front of me. Which of the following principles would I have applied to help me realise that the truck remained the same object although its image on my retinas changed? a shape constancy and size constancy b size constancy and orientation constancy c brightness constancy and orientation constancy d brightness constancy and size constancy. 6 In the figure below, we tend to perceive a building, rather than a series of disjointed lines. Which two Gestalt principles are mainly responsible for this perception? a closure and similarity b closure and figure-ground c figure-ground and similarity d similarity and figure-ground. 7 The binocular depth cues are: a linear perspective and convergence b retinal disparity and accommodation c relative size and linear perspective d convergence and retinal disparity. 8 The strongest depth cues are: a convergence and retinal disparity b linear perspective and convergence c pictorial cues d monocular cues. 129
chapter 6>> visual perception test <strong>you</strong>r understanding 9 One evening I saw a crowd of tiny dots in the sky. These dots became larger and suddenly a large flock of mutton-birds began to land. I was not surprised that the dots I had seen in the distance were actually big sea-birds because I had applied the principle of: a shape constancy b orientation constancy c brightness constancy d size constancy. 10 Jack and his team were doing fielding practice, catching a ball that the coach hit high in the air. After a few people had dropped catches, the coach insisted that all players hold their hands in front of their face and watch the approaching ball through their fingers. Jack was surprised that his success rate improved using the new technique. What is the reason for his improved performance? a Using the new method, he could use convergence and retinal disparity cues to help him judge depth and distance. b Using the new method, he could use accommodation and convergence cues to help him judge depth and distance. c Using the new method, he could use pictorial cues to help him judge depth and distance. d Using the new method, he could use monocular cues to help him judge depth and distance. 11 In drawing a landscape, John used the cue of height 130 in the visual field to give the impression of depth and distance. This meant that: a objects that were further away were drawn higher up in the plane of the picture b objects that were further away were drawn lower down in the plane of the picture c objects that were further away were drawn closer to the horizon in the picture d objects that were nearer the horizon were drawn smaller than similar objects in the foreground. 12 As her family was driving across to Perth from Melbourne, seven-year-old Jodi called out, ‘Look Mum, there’s hundreds of rabbits!’ As they gradually got closer, Jodi said ‘Oh! They’re actually great big kangaroos!’ What had caused Jodi’s initial error of perception? a previous experience with rabbits, causing a perceptual set that led to selection of specific parts of the scene to be attended to b previous experience with rabbits, causing a perceptual set that led to a particular interpretation of the scene c the context in which the animals were seen, causing a perceptual set that led to selection of specific parts of the scene to be attended to d the context in which the animals were seen, causing a perceptual set that led to a particular interpretation of the scene. 13 Psychologist Colin Turnbull took a pygmy from the rainforests of South America to the plains of Kenya in Africa. The pygmy looked at the herds of thousands of wildebeest in the distance and perceived them to be a large colony of ants a few metres from him. The reason for this error in perception is: a previous experience with ants, causing an expectancy that led to selection of specific parts of the scene to be attended to through perceptual set b previous experience with ants, causing an expectancy that led to a particular interpretation of the scene through perceptual set c the context in which the animals were seen, causing a perceptual set that led to selection of specific parts of the scene to be attended to through perceptual set d the context in which the animals were seen, causing a perceptual set that led to a particular interpretation of the scene through perceptual set.
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