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traits evolved in Theropoda. Our results indicate that several avian reproductive traits, such as adults sitting on eggs, asymmetrical eggs, unornamented eggshell surface, and complex eggshell ultrastructure, were already present in non-avian maniraptorans, and could have evolved in more basal theropods. In addition, non-avian maniraptorans laid two eggs at a time and orientated their eggs subvertically or subhorizontally in their nests, features not retained by neornithine birds. Based on our cladistic analysis it is also possible to infer the phylogenetic affinity of ootaxa of unknown parentage: Protoceratopsidovum was laid by a maniraptoran more derived than oviraptorids, and Parvoolithus probably belonged to a Cretaceous bird. Finally, our analysis reveals that many of the high-level categories of egg parataxonomy (morphotypes and basic types) are unnatural groupings (i.e. nonmonophyletic). We recommend that these high-level categories be abandoned because oofamilies are sufficient to categorize egg taxa. 2009020423 Uberabatitan Ribeiroi: 巴西 Minas Gerais 上白垩统 Mar í lia 组一新雷龙 = Uberabatitan Ribeiroi, a new Titanosaur from the Marília Formation (Bauru Group, Upper Cretaceous), Minas Gerais, Brazil. ( 英文 ). Salgado L; Carvalho I. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(4): 881 - 901 A new Late Cretaceous titanosaur sauropod from the Bauru Basin of Brazil, Uberabatitan ribeiroi gen. et sp. nov., represented by at least three specimens, is described. The material comes from a level of coarse sandstone within the Serra da Galga sequence in Uberaba County, Minas Gerais State. The fossiliferous strata belong to the Marília Formation (Serra da Galga Member), Bauru Group, considered to be Maastrichtian in age. The fossils occur in the uppermost levels of the above-mentioned unit; thus, Uberabatitan ribeiroi is the youngest titanosaur to have been recorded from the Bauru Basin. The autapomorphies that support the new species are: (1) anterior and mid-cervicals with postzygodiapophyseal lamina (podl) segmented in zygapophyseal and diapophyseal laminae, of which the first extends rostrodorsally over the second; (2) mid-dorsals with a robust lateral lamina formed mainly by a diapophyseal lamina (probably homologous to the postzygodiapophyseal lamina), and, to a lesser extent, by a relic of the spinodiapophyseal lamina (spdl); (3) mid (and probably posterior) dorsals with accessory neural laminae, which are lateral to the prespinal lamina, and probably homologous to the spinoprezygapophyseal laminae (sprl); (4) mid-caudal centra with deeply excavated lateral faces; (5) pubis very thick and robust, with a very stout longitudinal crest on its external (ventral) face; and (6) proximal end of the tibia with a prominent lateral protuberance, which articulates with an equally prominent medial knob of the fibula. The titanosaurian assemblage at Uberaba includes, apart from U. ribeiroi, wellpreserved specimens assigned to species of uncertain affinities (Trigonosaurus pricei and Baurutitan britoi), as well as a few vertebrae assigned to aeolosaurines. 2009020424 大不列颠晚三叠世滑翔蜥空气动力学 = The Aerodynamics of the British Late Triassic Kuehneosauridae. ( 英文 ). Stein K; Palmer C; Gill P G; Benton M J. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(4): 967-981 The Kuehneosauridae (Late Triassic, Britain, USA) had remarkable adaptations, most notably their elongate mid-dorsal ribs that were presumably covered with a skin membrane in life. These lateral 'wings' have always been linked with some form of gliding adaptation, but quantitative studies have been limited. Here, we provide a thorough aerodynamic analysis of both genera of British kuehneosaurids based on theory and on experiments with life-sized models in a wind tunnel. Of the two genera, Kuehneosuchus, with elongate 'wings', was a glider, and Kuehneosaurus, with much shorter 'wings', was a parachutist. Kuehneosuchus most probably had highly cambered wings and no additional skin membranes on hands or feet, nor did it have a cruropatagium. Lappets on the hyoid apparatus, as seen in Draco, were probably present to enhance pitch control. Kuehneosuchus was capable of gliding at angles (θ) between 13 and 16 degrees, at speeds between 7 and 9 m/s, and was probably very manoeuvrable when airborne. Kuehneosaurus was capable of parachuting (θ > 45 degrees) at speeds between 10 and 12 m/s. It is unclear whether the British kuehneosaurid material represents two genera, as assumed here, two species of one genus, or sexual dimorphs of a single species, where the gliding Kuehneosuchus was the male, which used its gliding and perhaps highly coloured 132
'wings' to display to the parachuting Kuehneosaurus. 2009020425 意大利 Villaggio del Pescatore 上白垩统 Acynodon 一新种 = A new species of Acynodon (Crocodylia) from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian – Campanian) of Villaggio del Pescatore, Italy. ( 英文 ). Delfino M; Martin J E; Buffetaut E. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(5): 1091-1106 The new species Acynodon adriaticus is described on the basis of remains from the Santonian – Campanian of Villaggio del Pescatore (Trieste, NE Italy). This species differs in several cranial features from Acynodon iberoccitanus, the only other Acynodon species whose cranial osteology is known in detail. The absence of maxillary and dentary caniniform teeth coupled with the presence of enlarged molariform teeth suggests that Acynodon probably fed on slowly moving hard-shelled prey. Moreover, the new materials reveal for the first time the morphology of some postcranial elements of Acynodon: in particular, medial-most paravertebral osteoderms that are characterized by two keels. A new cladistic phylogenetic analysis resolves the previously reported polytomy among the basal Globidonta: Acynodon is recognized as the most primitive globidontan. This genus may represent the geologically oldest known globidontan. The fact that Acynodon has been found only in Europe and that the outgroup of Globidonta, the Diplocynodontinae, is mainly known from Europe, suggests that globidontans may have originated in Europe and not in North America as previously supposed. 2009020426 巴西 Crato 组 ( 下白垩统 , 阿普特阶 ) 一新 azhdarchoid 类 = A new azhdarchoid pterosaur from the Crato Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) of Brazil. ( 英文 ). Witton M P. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(6): 1289-1300 A partial pterosaur skull from the Nova Olinda Member of the Crato Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) represents a new edentulous pterodactyloid, Lacusovagus magnificens gen. et sp. nov. The absence of teeth and a large nasoantorbital fenestra suggest assignment to Azhdarchoidea, and the combination of a particularly short, crestless and shallow rostrum and laterally flared jaw margins distinguish it from other azhdarchoid taxa. The position of the new form within Azhdarchoidea is problematic: Lacusovagus is distinguished from Tapejaridae in its straight, as opposed to ventrally displaced, jaw tip and absence of a premaxillary crest; from thalassodromids by the absence of a premaxillary crest; and from Azhdarchidae by the short length of the rostrum and shallow posterodorsal extension of the premaxilla. Lacusovagus shares a shallow, crestless rostrum and a slender posterodorsal premaxillary extension with Jiufotang Formation azhdarchoids such as Chaoyangopterus and Jidapterus. The position of these genera within Azhdarchoidea is controversial, but the suite of plesiomorphic and derived azhdarchoid characters in each suggests a placement between Tapejaridae and Neoazhdarchia. Further research is required, however, to determine the relationships of these genera both to each other and to other azhdarchoids. The new taxon elevates the faunal similarity found between the roughly contemporaneous Jiufotang and Crato formations and continues the pattern of Crato Formation azhdarchoids being much larger than those from the Jehol Group. It also has jaws at least 67 and 55 per cent longer, respectively, than those of the largest azhdarchoids and ornithocheirids from the Crato pterosaur assemblage, making Lacusovagus the largest pterosaur known from this unit. 2009020427 斯洛文尼亚三叠纪一盾齿龙类 = A Cyamodontid Placodont (Reptilia: Sauropterygia) from the Triassic of Slovenia. ( 英文 ). Buffetaut E; Novak M. Palaeontology, 2008, 51(6): 1301-1306 An isolated dentary bone from the Triassic of Toško Čelo, near Ljubljana (Slovenia) is referred to the genus Cyamodus. It is the first record of a placodont from Slovenia. The specimen is late Ladinian or early Carnian in age, and is thus among the latest known representatives of the genus Cyamodus. The late survival of Cyamodus in the southern Alpine domain, while it disappeared from the Germanic Basin in the early Ladinian, is probably linked to the persistence of fully marine conditions in the southern part of its range, after environments had become less favourable to placodonts in the Germanic Basin with the advent of the Keuper facies. 133
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第 5 卷第 2 期古生物学
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calcite in 38% sulphuric acid. The
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2009020010 细胞过度生长
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edistribution of continents, orogen
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Turner E C; Burdige D J. Geology, 2
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遗迹化石 2009020028 美国
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trackways from Fumanya (south-east
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华盛顿奥林匹克半岛
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sequenced and analysed the genome o
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estuarine sediments: Chezzetcook In
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preserved in the gypsum crystals of
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文 ). Lian O B; Mathewes R W; Hico
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Lower Cretaceous of Santa Cruz prov
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sediments of the Zhuravka and Abros
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Flores Formation is exposed along t
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egion in Late Permian times was pro
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Chlorogloeaopsis contexta, Obruchev
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deposition of organic-rich, low-oxy
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东攀剖面二叠纪末期
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econcile with Ediacaran trace and b
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2009020121 中国西北兰州
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Paleontologica Argentina, 2008, 45(
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始新世至中始新世早
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assemblage is highly dominated by m
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Creek Limestone of the Molong High.
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木属的 3 个同名 Cyclostig
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Ceratopteris are from the Eocene of
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covering of the spore mass. Ultrast
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Southern Floristic Province. It imp
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An anatomically preserved mature st
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and predation between the two ocean
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endemic or Andean forms and others
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islands" (Taylor and Wilson, 2003)
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analysis, SHE Community Structure I
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2009020208 安第斯火地岛
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Miolepidocyclina, Nephrolepidina, E
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alaskensis n. gen. and sp., Virgula
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y the fissispongiid Fissispongia ja
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to a revival of Kiderlen's (1937) h
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gentle and slow extinction speed an
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Two new bryozoan species are descri
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Page 112 and 113: arthropods (Notostraca and Insecta:
Page 114 and 115: with a lichenocrinid holdfast, and
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Page 118 and 119: terms of growth and development. Gr
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Page 122 and 123: Middle-Late Devonian. A new onychod
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Page 172 and 173: millipede remains. A review of the
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generally consistent northeast tren
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Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 20
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stratigraphic context. Nevertheless
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esponsible for fossil orientation:
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sulfide assemblages in them, of Cen
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south of the island. The occurrence
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ecords in the Jiuquan Basin, northw
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Myr younger than hitherto considere
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