2011 – 2015 new mexico consolidated plan for housing and ...

2011 – 2015 NEW MEXICO CONSOLIDATED PLAN FOR 

HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 

DRAFT REPORT FOR INTERNAL REVIEW 

AUGUST 2, 2010

2011 – 2015 NEW MEXICO CONSOLIDATED PLAN 

FOR HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 

Prepared for the: 

New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority 

344 4th Street Southwest 

Albuquerque, NM 87102-3206 

and 

State of New Mexico Department of Finance and Administration 

407 Galisteo 

Bataan Memorial Building, Room 202 

Santa Fe, NM 87501 

Prepared by: 

Western Economic Services, LLC 

212 SE 18 th Avenue 

Portland, OR 97214 

(503) 239-9091 

Toll-free: 1-866-937-9437 

Fax: (503) 239-0236 

http://www.westernes.com 

Draft Report for Public Review 

September 1, 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 

A. Introduction 1 

B. New Mexico Background and Trends 2 

C. Five-Year Housing and Community Development Objectives and Strategies 4 

II. CONSOLIDATED PLAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESS 15 


B. Compliance with HUD Regulations 16 

C. Organizational Structure and Coordination 17 

D. Consultation Activities 21 

E. Efforts to Enhance Citizen Involvement 21 

F. Public Hearings and Approval Processes 22 

III. DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC PROFILE 23 


B. Demographic Trends 23 

C. Economic Conditions 34 

D. Summary 42 

IV. HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS 43 


B. Housing Stock 43 

C. Housing Production and Affordability 46 

D. Housing 51 

E. Lead-Based Paint Hazards and Actions to Overcome Hazards 55 

F. Public and Assisted Housing 61 

G. Housing Needs Forecast 62 

H. Disproportionate Needs 64 

I. Institutional Barriers to Affordable Housing 65 

J. Summary 66 

V. HOUSING AND HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT 67 


B. Housing Needs Assessment 67 

C. Priority Housing Needs Rankings 71 

D. Homeless Needs Assessment 74 

E. Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment 83 

F. Summary 97 

VI. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS ASSESSMENT 99 


B. Community Development Needs Assessment 99 

C. Priority Community Development Needs Rankings 101 

D. Summary 102 

New Mexico 


Five-Year Consolidated Plan i September 1, 2010

Table of Contents 

VII. STRATEGIC PLAN 103 

A. Overview of Consolidated Plan National Goals 103 

B. Context in Which Activities will be Conducted 103 

C. Strategic Goals of the New Mexico Consolidated Plan 105 

APPENDIX A: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN 117 

APPENDIX B: ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE 127 

APPENDIX C: ADDITIONAL PLAN DATA 131 

APPENDIX D: PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROCESS 155 

APPENDIX E: GLOSSARY 197 

PRIORITY NEEDS TABLES 

Priority Housing Needs Tables 73 

Homeless and Special Needs Table 1A 79 

Priority Community Development Needs Table 2B 102 

New Mexico 


Five-Year Consolidated Plan ii September 1, 2010

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

A. INTRODUCTION 

In 1994, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) issued new 

rules consolidating the planning, application, reporting and citizen participation processes 

for four formula grant programs: Community Development Block Grants (CDBG), Home 

Investment Partnerships (HOME), Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) and Housing 

Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA). The new single-planning process was 

intended to more comprehensively fulfill three basic goals: to provide decent housing, to 

provide a suitable living environment and to expand economic opportunities. It was 

termed the Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development. 

According to HUD, the Consolidated Plan is designed to be a collaborative process 

whereby a community establishes a unified vision for housing and community 

development actions. It offers entitlements the opportunity to shape these housing and 

community development programs into effective, coordinated neighborhood and 

community development strategies. It also allows for strategic planning and citizen 

participation to occur in a comprehensive context, thereby reducing duplication of effort. 

As the lead agency for the Consolidated Plan, the New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority 

(MFA) hereby follows HUD’s guidelines for citizen and community involvement. 

Furthermore, it is responsible for overseeing these citizen participation requirements, those 

that accompany the Consolidated Plan and the Community Development Block Grant 

(CDBG), HOME Investment Partnerships (HOME) the Housing Opportunities for Persons 

with AIDS (HOPWA) and the Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) programs, as well as those 

that complement the MFA planning processes already at work in the state. The New 

Mexico Department of Finance and Administration (DFA), Local Governments Division, is 

responsible for overseeing that the communities meet all CDBG citizen participation 

requirements. 

PURPOSE OF THE CONSOLIDATED PLAN 

The 2011 – 2015 New Mexico Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community 

Development is the comprehensive five-year planning document identifying the needs and 

respective resource investments in satisfying the state’s housing, homeless, non-homeless 

special needs populations, community development and economic development needs. 

GOALS OF THE CONSOLIDATED PLAN 

The goals of the MFA and DFA are to provide decent housing, a suitable living 

environment and expanded economic opportunities for the state’s low- and moderateincome 

residents. The MFA and DFA strive to accomplish these goals by maximizing and 

effectively utilizing all available funding resources to conduct housing and community 

development activities that will serve the economically disadvantaged residents of the 

state. By addressing need and creating opportunity at the individual and neighborhood 

New Mexico 


Five-Year Consolidated Plan 1 September 1, 2010

I. Executive Summary 

levels, the MFA and DFA hope to improve the quality of life for all residents of the state. 

These goals are further explained as follows: 

• Providing decent housing means helping homeless persons obtain appropriate housing 

and assisting those at risk of homelessness; preserving the affordable housing stock; 

increasing availability of permanent housing that is affordable to low- and moderateincome 

persons without discrimination; and increasing the supply of supportive 

housing. 

• Providing a suitable living environment entails improving the safety and livability of 

neighborhoods; increasing access to quality facilities and services; and reducing the 

isolation of income groups within an area through de-concentration of low-income 

housing opportunities. 

• Expanding economic opportunities involves creating jobs that are accessible to lowand 

moderate-income persons; making mortgage financing available for low- and 

moderate-income persons at reasonable rates; providing access to credit for 

development activities that promote long-term economic and social viability of the 

community; and empowering low-income persons to achieve self-sufficiency to reduce 

generational poverty in federally-assisted and public housing. 

B. NEW MEXICO BACKGROUND AND TRENDS 

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 

Between 1980 and 2009, the population in New Mexico increased from 1.3 million in 

1980 to 2.0 million. In the last ten years, from 2000 through 2009, total population 

growth equaled 10.5 percent, and the average growth rate was 1.1 percent per year. In 

2000, the majority of the population, 66.8 percent, was white, followed by other at 17.0 

percent, American Indian at 9.5 percent, two or more races at 3.6 percent, black at 1.9 

percent, Asian at 1.1 percent and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander at 0.1 percent. As for 

ethnicity, persons of Hispanic descent comprised 42.1 percent of the population. 

Geographic analysis of racial and ethnic data showed that Hispanic and American Indian 

populations were overly concentrated in certain parts of the state. Slightly over 20.0 

percent of the population aged 5 or older in New Mexico had one or more disabilities at 

the time of the 2000 census, and this population was also concentrated in a few census 

tracts in the state. In terms of population growth, the state is expected to grow to 2.4 

million persons and nearly 808,000 households by 2015 and to 2.9 million persons and 

more than a million households by 2030. 

ECONOMIC PROFILE 

From 1990 through 2009, the labor force in New Mexico, defined as people either 

working or looking for work, rose from about 700,000 persons to about 956,000 persons. 

While during the mid 1990s New Mexico’s unemployment rate was higher than the 

New Mexico 




national rate, during the recession of the last few years the unemployment rate for the state 

has remained below national levels. However, during the first three months of 2010, the 

unemployment rate slid very close to the national rate of 9.7 percent before falling back to 

8.0 levels seen in the latter portion of 2009. In 2008, the real average earning per job in 

New Mexico was $43,000, and real per capita income was $33,829, but both of these 

figures were below national averages. In New Mexico the poverty rate in 2000 was 18.4 

percent with 328,933 persons living in poverty; this rate was significantly higher than the 

national average of 12.4 percent at that time. Persons in poverty were also concentrated in 

select census tracts across the state. 

NEW MEXICO HOUSING MARKET 

In 2000, the State of New Mexico had 780,579 total housing units. Since that time, the 

total housing stock increased through 2009 by a total of roughly 91,000 units. Of the total 

housing stock counted in the 2000 census, 511,283 units were single-family units, and 

another 145,087 were mobile homes. Of the 780,579 housing units counted in New 

Mexico in the 2000 census, 677,971 units were occupied, with 474,435 counted as 

owner-occupied and 203,536 counted as renter-occupied. This equated to a 

homeownership rate of 70.0 percent. The construction value of single-family dwellings 

generally increased from 1980 through 2008, with the 2008 value ending at $190,225. 

Values were generally higher in urban areas near major cities like Albuquerque and Santa 

Fe. There were 137,265 owners and 88,595 renters that had an unmet housing need, such 

as a cost burden or overcrowding problem, in New Mexico at the time of the 2000 census. 

By 2015, there are expected to be roughly 176,184 owner and 118,122 renter households 

with housing problems in the state. 

HOUSING AND HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT 

Results from the 2010 Housing and Community Development Needs Survey showed that 

affordable housing and first-time homebuyer assistance were both considered to have a 

high need for funding, along with affordable rental housing and rent assistance. Comments 

received from focus group meetings in the state showed that there is a need for new rental 

properties in urban areas and a need for rental rehabilitation in rural areas. 

One organization handles the two Continuums of Care that address homeless needs 

throughout the state. A count of the homeless population in the state showed that more 

than 3,475 persons were homeless in New Mexico in 2009, including 304 homeless 

families with children and 779 chronically homeless persons. 

Non-homeless special needs populations in the state include the elderly and frail elderly, 

persons living with disabilities, persons with alcohol or other drug addiction, victims of 

domestic violence, and persons living with HIV and their families. These populations are 

not homeless, but are at the risk of becoming homeless and therefore often require housing 

New Mexico 




and service programs. The needs of the special needs groups are relative to the programs 

currently provided. For example, the elderly population is expected to swell in the near 

future and will require increased access to home services as well as assisted living and 

nursing home facilities. 

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS ASSESSMENT 

The 2010 Housing and Community Development Survey provided data on perceived 

community development needs. Respondents indicated that funding should be primarily 

devoted to housing and economic development and also to infrastructure. Workforce 

training and business retention received high need rankings in terms of economic 

development activities, while street and water/sewer improvements received high need 

rankings in regard to infrastructure. Respondents noted mostly high levels of need for youth 

and child care centers, and crime awareness was seen as the greatest need in the public 

and human services category. 

C. FIVE-YEAR HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 

The following list presents the overriding strategies and goals of the New Mexico Five-Year 

Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development, including selected 

performance criteria associated with each strategy and goal. Furthermore, there may be a 

need to direct such housing resources by use of project selection criteria, which may be 

updated annually, based upon year-to-year need and local circumstances. 

The strategies the State will pursue over the next five years are as follows: 

1. Expand the supply of quality affordable housing 

a. Enhance homeowner new construction 

b. Provide multi-family rental new construction 

c. Conduct multi-family acquisition and rehabilitation 

2. Increase opportunities for homeownership 

a. Provide financial assistance to prospective homeowners 

b. Assist with single-family acquisition/rehabilitation 

3. Preserve the State’s existing affordable housing stock 

a. Conduct owner-occupied homeowner housing rehabilitation 

b. Implement multi-family rehabilitation 

4. Provide housing for special needs populations, including persons with HIV/AIDS 

a. Encourage the development of special needs housing with services 

b. Expand housing opportunities and access for special needs populations 

New Mexico 




c. Fund non-profit entities providing housing and related services for persons living 

with HIV/AIDS 

5. Reduce the incidence of homelessness 

a. Increase the number of available living environments, primarily transitional and 

permanent housing situations 

b. Increase the level of services provided to the homeless and persons at risk of 

homelessness 

6. Enhance the quality of New Mexico’s infrastructure and public facilities 

a. Fund improvements to non-CDBG entitlement area water/wastewater systems and 

streets 

b. Fund infrastructure improvements in the Colonias areas 

c. Enhance the accessibility and usefulness of public facilities 

d. Encourage planning that includes comprehensive planning, asset management, 

preliminary engineering reports and any other studies or plans listed in rules and 

regulations 

e. Encourage more housing related activities 

f. Encourage more economic development projects 

Each of the strategies identified above, as well as the objectives consistent with each 

strategy are discussed in greater detail below. Performance measurement criteria are 

presented at the end of each strategy narrative. 

STRATEGY 1: EXPAND THE SUPPLY OF QUALITY AFFORDABLE HOUSING 

The population throughout New Mexico continues to increase, and this growth is 

occurring more quickly in the urban areas and more slowly in the rural areas of the state. 

The demand for quality affordable homeowner and rental housing will continue to rise 

along with population, but at different rates depending on the local community’s 

economic, demographic and housing market conditions. The goal of the MFA’s housing 

programs is to serve low- and moderate-income households while distributing program 

resources equitably and in response to specific needs around the state. The MFA will also 

continue to work with community housing development organizations (CHDOs) to 

facilitate new homeownership and rental housing development. 

OBJECTIVES 

Enhance Homeowner New Construction 

Because New Mexico’s population is expanding and many people wish to have the 

financial capability to be homeowners, there remains a need to provide affordable new 

New Mexico 




construction for single-family homeownership. The new construction needs to be handled 

in a thoughtful manner that takes into consideration the issues of the entire community. 

This objective can be accomplished through the following goals: 

1. Assuring that mortgage funding is available to prospective eligible homeowners, with 

such new homes defined as new construction and new manufactured housing 

installations on permanent foundations 

2. Funding residential new construction handled through Community Housing 

Development Organizations (CHDO) 

3. Funding energy efficient residential development for green construction 

4. Facilitating the donation of state and local land for the development of affordable 

housing single-family projects 

Provide Multi-family Rental Housing New Construction 

Because New Mexico’s population is expanding but a portion of the population may not 

be ready for homeownership, there remains a need to provide affordable new construction 

for rental opportunities. The new construction needs to be handled in a thoughtful manner 

that takes into consideration the issues of the entire community. 


1. Encouraging leveraging federal resources to generate multi-family rental housing new 

construction 

2. Facilitating CHDO set aside resources for multi-family new construction 

3. Funding multi-family new rental construction directly to non-profit entities 

Conduct Multi-family Acquisition and Rehabilitation 

Because New Mexico’s population is expanding and persons still may prefer to rent rather 

than own, there remains a need to acquire additional and suitable rental opportunities. 


1. Encouraging leveraging federal resources to stimulate multi-family rental housing 

acquisition and rehabilitation 

2. Facilitating CHDO set aside resources for multi-family acquisition and rehab 

3. Funding multi-family acquisition and rehab directly to non-profit entities 

New Mexico 




PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT CRITERIA 

Enhance Homeowner New Construction: 

Availability/Accessibility: 

1. The number of eligible households that benefit from new construction 

Affordability: 

1. The number of affordable single-family units that have been built for 

homeownership 

Sustainability: 

1. The number of affordable single-family units that have been added to the stock 

affordable housing units 

Provide Rental Housing New Construction: 


1. The number of eligible households that benefit from new rental construction 


1. The number of affordable rental housing units that have been built 


1. The number of affordable rental housing units that have been added to the stock 

affordable rental housing units 



1. The number of eligible households that benefit from multi-family acquisition and 

rehabilitation 


1. The number of multi-family rental units that have been acquired, rehabilitated, 

and are affordable 


1. The number of multi-family rental units that have been acquired, rehabilitated 

and added to the stock of affordable rental housing units 

STRATEGY 2: INCREASE OPPORTUNITIES FOR HOMEOWNERSHIP 

The New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority is committed to enhancing opportunities for 

homeownership to eligible lower-income citizens. 

Provide Financial Assistance to First-Time Homebuyers 


New Mexico 




1. Providing homebuyer education classes, financial counseling and post-purchase 

educational opportunities 

2. Providing lower-interest rate loans to qualified low-income buyers 

3. Providing down payment assistance, providing closing cost assistance, reducing the 

principal loan amount, or buying down the interest rate 

Assist with Single-Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation 


1. Funding owner-occupied rehabilitation 

2. Redeveloping owner-occupied home sites having homes that are unsuitable for 


3. Providing emergency repair, weatherization or accessibility improvements to owneroccupied 

housing units 

4. Funding home loans for the acquisition and rehabilitation of existing housing units 


Provide Financial Assistance to First-Time Homebuyers: 


1. The number of eligible households that have received educational training, 

financial counseling or post-purchase educational opportunities 


1. The number of eligible households that have been able to purchased their first 

home 


1. The number of affordable units that have been acquired by first-time homebuyers 

through MFA assistance 

Assist with Single-Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation: 


1. The number of homeowner households that have benefited from acquisition and 



1. The number of affordable units that have undergone acquisition and 



1. The number of affordable units that have been rehabilitated and added to the 

stock of affordable housing units 

New Mexico 




STRATEGY 3: PRESERVE THE STATE’S AFFORDABLE HOUSING STOCK 

The State of New Mexico has many housing units that are indicative of key cultural and 

societal values, but at the same time these units are in need of repair and maintenance. 

Furthermore, some areas of the state are growing slowly, thereby affecting demand for 

existing structures in need of upkeep. It is the position of the MFA that for those homes 

that are suitable for rehabilitation, efforts need to be taken to preserve properties suitable 

for repair as well as those properties with historic, architectural or cultural value for future 

generations. 

Conduct Owner-Occupied Homeowner Housing Rehab 


1. Facilitating owner-occupied rehabilitation 




units 


Implement Multi-family Rental Rehabilitation 



acquisition and/or rehabilitation 

2. Facilitating CHDO set aside resources for multi-family rehab 

3. Funding multi-family rehab directly to non-profit entities 


Conduct Owner-Occupied Homeowner Housing Rehab: 


1. The number of eligible homeowner households that have received such rehab 


1. The number of affordable housing units that have been repaired 


1. The number of affordable homeowner units that have been rehabilitated and 

remain affordable 

New Mexico 




Implement Multifamily Rental Rehabilitation: 


1. The number of eligible households that have benefited from multi-family 



1. The number of rental units that have undergone rehabilitation and remain 

affordable 


1. The number of units that have been rehabilitated and become additions to the 

affordable rental housing stock 

STRATEGY 4: PROVIDE HOUSING FOR SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS, INCLUDING 

HIV/AIDS 

Throughout the State of New Mexico, there remains a number of groups with 

developmental, physical and other disabilities that are in need of housing and housing 

related services, including persons living with HIV or AIDS. Furthermore, areas of the state 

have these needs in varying degrees. 

Encourage the development of special needs housing with services 


1. Providing low-interest loans to make accessibility improvements to existing singlefamily 

homes for people with disabilities 

2. Providing financial incentives for housing for the elderly, physically or mentally 

disabled, and other special needs with services 

Expand housing opportunities and access for special populations. 


1. Providing funds to make accessibility improvements to existing rental housing for 

people with disabilities 

2. Providing financial incentives for the development of rental housing for the elderly, 

physically or mentally disabled and other special needs with services 

Fund entities providing housing and related services for HIV positive persons and persons 

living with AIDS. 

This objective can be accomplished through the following goal: 

New Mexico 




1. Providing funds to non-profit organizations that serve people who are HIV-positive 

and/or are living with AIDS, such as short term rent, mortgage and utility payments, 

continued rental assistance for low-income households, and related supportive services 


Encourage the development of special needs housing with services: 


1. The number of persons served with housing or with housing related services 

2. The number of households served with housing or with housing related services 


1. The number of housing units that have been made available for the special needs 

populations 


1. The number of units that have been made available for the special needs 

populations and added to the affordable housing stock 

Expand housing opportunities and access for special needs populations: 


1. The number of special needs persons served 


3. The number of affordable rental units that have been made accessible for the 

special needs populations 


1. The number of rental units that have been created or modified for accessibility 

and that remain affordable 


1. The number of units that have been made accessible and added to the affordable 

housing stock 

Fund entities providing housing and related services for HIV-positive persons and persons 



1. The number of HIV/AIDS households served with housing without related 

services 

2. The number of HIV/AIDS households served with housing and related services 


1. The number of HIV/AIDS households that were assisted without services 

2. The number of HIV/AIDS households that were assisted with services 


New Mexico 




1. The number of HIV/AIDS households that were added to the HIV/AIDS available 

stock of units 

STRATEGY 5: REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF HOMELESSNESS 

While the population is continuing to grow, the incidence of homelessness remains a 

troublesome difficulty for the State. The MFA is committed to reducing the incidence of 

homelessness throughout New Mexico. 

Increase the level of services provided to people experiencing homelessness: 


1. Enhancing homeless prevention activities, to include counseling and other training 

opportunities 

2. Expanding rapid re-housing activities to include rental assistance and stabilization 

services 

Increase the number of available living environments 


1. Expanding the supply of transitional housing units for people experiencing 

homelessness 

2. Expanding the supply of permanent supportive housing for people experiencing 

homelessness 




1. The number of homeless persons provided with services 

2. The number and types of services provided to persons experiencing 

homelessness 


1. The number of persons who gained a stable transitional or permanent housing 

situation 


1. The number of persons in a stable permanent housing situation one year after 

placement in MFA administered permanent supportive housing 

Increase the number of available living environments: 


1. The number of homeless persons using a transitional housing unit 

New Mexico 




2. The number of homeless persons placed in permanent supportive housing units 


1. The number of transitional housing units created 

2. The number of permanent supportive housing units created 


1. The number of previously homeless persons in transitional housing 

2. The number of previously homeless persons placed in permanent supportive 

housing 

STRATEGY 6: ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND PUBLIC FACILITIES 

The New Mexico Department of Finance and Administration, Local Government Division, 

has the responsibility of administering the State’s Community Development Block Grant 

Program. This program is directed outside of the State’s CDBG entitlement communities. 

This strategy will include a focus on providing a suitable living environment through: 

• Waste, wastewater and streets: Funds will be allocated to improve the 

infrastructure for low and moderate income persons and priority will be given to 

those that are shovel-ready. 

• Colonia: Funds will be allocated to improve the infrastructure and housing needs 

in the colonia areas and priority will be given to those that are shovel-ready. 

• Public facilities: Funds will be allocated to projects that support human service 

needs through funding emergency services, special needs groups, seniors, 

elderly and disabled individuals in order to be supportive of communities in the 

state and service low and moderate income persons; priority will be given to 

those communities that are shovel ready. 

• Planning: Funds will be allocated to projects that update their comprehensive 

plans, new comprehensive plans, asset management plans, preliminary 

engineering reports, and other plans and studies identified in rules and 

regulations. 

The strategy will focus on providing decent housing through allocating funding to projects 

related to housing activities for low to moderate income persons and priority will be given 

to housing rehabilitation projects. Expanding economic opportunities will be achieved 

through allocating funds to projects that improve economic opportunity for low and 

moderate income persons and priority will be given to projects that create and/or retain 

jobs. 

Enhance the quality of New Mexico’s infrastructure and Public Facilities 


New Mexico 




1. Funding improvements to non-CDBG entitlement area water/wastewater systems and 

streets 

2. Funding infrastructure improvements in the Colonias areas 

3. Enhancing the accessibility and usefulness of public facilities 

4. Encourage planning that includes comprehensive planning, asset management, 

preliminary engineering reports, and any other studies or plans listed in rules or 

regulations 

5. Encourage more economic development projects 


Enhance the quality of New Mexico’s Infrastructure and Public Facilities: 


1. The number of water or wastewater projects and streets completed 

2. The number of Colonias projects completed, by type of project 

3. The number of planning projects that will provide readiness 

4. The number of housing projects rehabilitated 


1. The number of eligible persons assisted with new water or wastewater systems 

2. The number of persons within Colonias assisted with water/wastewater or other 

infrastructure projects 

3. The number of eligible persons who the improved facilities will serve 


1. The economic development benefits imparted to each community receiving the 

enhanced infrastructure investments, including the Colonias 

2. The economic development benefits imparted to each community whose public 

facilities have been improved 

New Mexico 



II. CONSOLIDATED PLAN DEVELOPMENT PROCESS 


In 1994, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development issued new rules 

consolidating the planning, application, reporting and citizen participation processes for 

four formula grant programs: Community Development Block Grants (CDBG), Home 

Investment Partnerships (HOME), Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) and Housing 

Opportunities for People with AIDS (HOPWA). Termed the Consolidated Plan for Housing 

and Community Development, the new single-planning process was intended to more 

comprehensively fulfill three basic goals: 

1. Provide decent housing, which involves helping homeless people obtain 

appropriate housing, retaining the affordable housing stock, increasing the 

availability of permanent affordable housing for low-income households without 

discrimination and/or increasing supportive housing to assist persons with special 

needs. 

2. Provide a suitable living environment, which means improving the safety and 

livability of neighborhoods, including the provision of adequate public facilities; 

reducing isolation of income groups within communities through special deconcentration 

of housing opportunities for persons of low income; revitalization of 

deteriorating or deteriorated neighborhoods; restoring and preserving natural and 

physical features with historic, architectural, and aesthetic value; as well as 

conserving energy resources. 

3. Expand economic opportunities, which emphasizes job creation and retention, 

providing access to credit for community development, and assisting low-income 

persons to achieve self-sufficiency in federally-assisted and public housing. 

The Consolidated Plan is actually a three-part process and comprises: 

1. Developing a five-year strategic plan; 

2. Preparing annual action plans; and 

3. Submitting annual performance and evaluation reports. 

The first element referred to above, the strategic plan, also has three parts: 

1. A housing market analysis; 

2. A housing, homeless, and community development needs assessment; and, 

3. Establishment of long-term strategies for meeting the priority needs of the state. 

HUD asks that priority objectives be built upon specified goals that flow from quantitative 

and qualitative analysis of needs identified in the five-year planning process. Program 

funding is ensured by completing these documents on time and in a format acceptable to 

HUD. 

Furthermore, the New Mexico Consolidated Plan is designed to be a collaborative process 

whereby the state can establish a unified vision for housing and community development 

New Mexico 



II. Consolidated Plan Development Process 

actions. It offers the state the opportunity to shape housing and community development 

programs into effective and coordinated housing and community development strategies. 

It also creates the opportunity for citizen participation and strategic planning to take place 

in a comprehensive context and to reduce duplication of effort throughout New Mexico. 

Thus, the Consolidated Plan functions as: 

• A planning document for the non-entitlement areas of New Mexico that builds on a 

participatory process among citizens, organizations, businesses and other 

stakeholders; 

• A submission document for federal funds under HUD’s formula grant programs; 

• A strategy document to be followed in carrying out HUD’s programs; and 

• A management tool for assessing performance and tracking results. 

The 2011 – 2015 New Mexico Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community 

Development is the comprehensive five-year planning document identifying needs and 

respective resource investments in satisfying the state’s housing, homelessness, nonhomeless 

special population, community development and economic development needs. 

B. COMPLIANCE WITH HUD REGULATIONS 

As the lead agency for the Consolidated Plan, the New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority 

(MFA) and its consolidated planning partner that administers the Community Development 

Block Grant (CDBG) Program, the Department of Financial Administration (DFA), followed 

the federal guidelines about public involvement, evaluation of quantitative and qualitative 

data, needs assessment, strategy development, priority setting, and the formulation of 

objectives. New Mexico’s Consolidated Plan for 2011 – 2015 was prepared in accordance 

with CFR Sections 91.100 through 91.230 of HUD’s Consolidated Plan regulations, 

applicable to state government. 

Furthermore, the MFA is responsible for overseeing these citizen participation 

requirements, those that accompany the Consolidated Plan and the HOME Investment 

Partnerships (HOME), Homeless Prevention and Rapid Re-Housing Program (HPRP), the 

Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) programs, and the Housing Opportunities for Persons 

With AIDS (HOPWA). DFA encourages citizens throughout New Mexico to participate in 

the development of the Action Plan, Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation 

Report (CAPER) and substantial amendments to the Consolidated Plan. As the plans are 

prepared, hearings are conducted for public comment and all comments are posted in the 

CAPER. Consequently, both the MFA and the DFA strongly encourage public participation 

and consultation with other organizations as an essential means of identifying community 

needs. The citizen participation process was formulated at the beginning of the plan 

development process and is presented in the Citizen Participation Plan (CPP), as noted in 

Appendix A of this document. 

New Mexico 




The objectives of the CPP are to ensure that the citizens of New Mexico, particularly 

persons of low- and moderate-income, persons living in slum and blight areas, units of 

local government, public housing agencies, and other interested parties, are provided with 

the opportunity to participate in the planning and preparation of the Consolidated Plan, 

including amendments to the Consolidated Plan and the Annual Performance Report. 

Map I.1 

New Mexico 

C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND COORDINATION 

New Mexico will meet its responsibility to provide decent and affordable housing, and the 

State will aid in the development of viable communities with suitable living environments 

and expanded economic and community development opportunities. This will be done 

with the help and support of a network of public institutions, nonprofit organizations, and 

private industries. For example, the MFA partners with the DFA and the DFA provides 

CDBG funding on projects involving housing. The State is fortunate to have such a strong 

working relationship with and between its service agencies. 

New Mexico 




However, the MFA takes additional initiative in instilling capacity and strong housing and 

community development through funding initiatives, outreach and training, and other 

capability building endeavors. A selection of the MFA’s primary activities are listed below. 

OPERATING FUNDS 

The MFA recognizes that many times, the difference between success and failure in a 

partner is in their ability to operate and pay salaries to qualified staff. In an effort to help 

organizations develop capacity, MFA has developed a new loan fund to help eligible 

borrowers with working capital for operating funds. This fund will work as a loan or 

revolving line of credit, in which the eligible borrower (a non-profit whose primary work is 

to provide housing, a public housing authority or tribal entity) may apply for the lesser of 

10.0 percent of an RFP award or $50,000 for a one year term. Payments will be made 

monthly and deducted from draws made under an RFP award in the amounts required to 

pay off the loan balance within a year of the origination. 

TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 

Under the Training and Technical Assistance Program, the MFA currently partners with 

organizations that are interested in developing, owning and/or managing affordable 

housing with successful industry professionals. This symbiotic relationship allows the new 

agency to learn in a hands-on-manner, with the help of the experienced professional, the 

development process, from site identification and acquisition, to predevelopment, to 

acquiring financing to completion of construction. In this manner, MFA leverages the skills 

and talents of those who know and have been successful in the process with those who are 

learning. This creates more capacity at a reasonable cost while providing valuable 

networking opportunities for all participants. 

The MFA Training and Technical Assistance Program is designed to be able to provide 

group training for various programs funded with federal and other funds on an as needed 

basis. These training sessions will include certifying nonprofit organizations to participate 

in the Payment$aver program, as well as providing application training for the HOME/Tax 

Credits program, homeless programs, Request for Proposal Training and Environmental 

Review. Training also addresses program requirements and processes. Lender Training, 

available through our Homeownership Department, is designed assist lenders and other 

industry professionals in the program requirements of our loan products. This training is 

held statewide a number of times during the year. 

MFA staff members will also meet with program participants and sub-recipients throughout 

the year to provide technical assistance that may include mentoring by other housing 

organizations or units of local government. The MFA will provide tailored training to 

partners around the state on an as needed basis. 

New Mexico 




HOUSING SERVICES DIRECTORY 

Annually, the MFA publishes a statewide directory of housing and homeless service 

providers. The directory includes all types of affordable housing organizations and is 

indexed by service area, housing services provided and supportive services provided. The 

directory is available free of charge throughout the year to all interested parties. 

SUPPORT FOR THE NEW MEXICO COALITION TO END HOMELESSNESS 

The MFA continues to provide support for activities undertaken by the New Mexico 

Coalition to End Homelessness through financial commitments and in-kind contributions, 

such as meeting facilities and technical assistance to its members. The Coalition is an 

inclusive group made up of representatives from various state agencies dealing with 

homelessness or peripheral issues as well as representatives from nonprofit homeless 

shelters and service providers. With MFA’s support, the Coalition: 

• Coordinates the activities of the Albuquerque and Balance of State Continuum of 

Care (CoC) organizations; 

• Operates an information sharing network among homeless service providers; 

• Provides technical assistance and coordinating educational activities for the two 

CoCs in the state; 

• Assists with developing the Continuum of Care competitive grant applications on 

behalf of the State; 

• Conducts outreach and education activities related to homelessness. 

HOMELESS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (HMIS) 

Under a directive from Congress via the Housing and Urban Development Department 

(HUD), the MFA, in conjunction with the City of Albuquerque and the New Mexico 

Coalition to End Homelessness, has developed and implemented the NM HMIS system. 

This data management system continues to be funded, in part, with MFA general fund 

dollars. This data management system collects information on the homeless community 

including the number of unduplicated clients and the kinds and types of services provided. 

USE OF ADVISORY AND OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES 

The MFA initiates and provides communication opportunities in many venues. For 

example, the MFA receives input several times per year from a number of external advisory 

and oversight committees comprising representatives from various housing-related 

industries, political parties and geographic areas of the state to advise and comment on 

activities undertaken with federal dollars. These committees include the Mortgage Finance 

Authority Act Legislative Oversight Committee, the New Mexico Housing Advisory 

Committee, the Homeownership Advisory Committee, the Land Title Trust Fund Advisory 

New Mexico 




Committee and the Tax Credit Allocation Committee. The MFA will continue to work with 

and consult with these committees regarding activities undertaken or proposed changes in 

activities to be undertaken throughout the tenure of this plan. 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 

The MFA allocates sufficient staff time to the research and development of new programs. 

These initiatives have included: coordinating funds for housing rehabilitation particularly 

HOME and CDBG funds; identifying ways to subsidize or otherwise encourage energy 

efficiency upgrades by coordinating with utility companies; researching new financing 

products for reaching underserved populations; identifying ways to increase the number of 

qualified contractors and certified lead-based paint abatement contractors; identifying 

funding sources for emergency repair, weatherization and accessibility improvements 

without substantial rehabilitation; and researching ways to maintain the affordability of 

existing expiring use or troubled rental properties. While the majority of resources 

dedicated to research and development will be staff time, a portion of HOME and other 

funding sources will be available to provide trial or pilot projects in order to test the 

viability of new ideas. Funds under the Research and Development category are expended 

on eligible HOME Program activities in HOME-eligible jurisdictions to address the housing 

needs of low- and very low-income New Mexicans at the MFA’s discretion. 

The DFA also provides CDBG training workshops, technical assistance and works closely 

with other state agencies to help leverage funding for communities in New Mexico. A 

selection of DFA’s primary activities are listed below: 

TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 

DFA provides technical assistance and training on federal and legislative funding. 

DGA/LGD provides two CDBG workshops every year. Once per year the DFA/LGD 

conducts a CDBG Application Workshop to train counties, municipalities, and special 

districts in how to put together a CDBG application. Also a CDBG Implementation 

Workshop is conducted for these applicants once per year to provide technical assistance 

on implementing a CDBG grant. DFA/LGD provides CDBG training at the following 

conferences: New Mexico Municipal League, New Mexico Association of Counties, 

Infrastructure Finance Conference, DFA Financial Conference. 

USE OF ADVISORY AND OVERSIGHT COMMITTEES 

DFA/LGD provides all rating and ranking recommendations of all CDBG applications 

received in April of every year to the Community Development Council (CDC). This 

Council is appointed by the Governor and consists of a Designee from the Governor’s 

office, the Lieutenant Governor’s office, NM Department of Environment, MFA, NM 

New Mexico 




Department of Health, DFA, and a representative from all six districts. The CD reviews 

DFA/LGD recommendations and makes funding decisions in an open public meeting. 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 

DFA/LGD partners with other state agencies, such as NM Environment Department, NM 

Department of Transportation, MFA and other agencies to find additional funds to help 

finance the community’s needs. DFA/LGD also works closely with all seven Council of 

Governments (COG) to coordinate funding solutions and technical assistance to all 

counties, municipalities and special districts. 

D. CONSULTATION ACTIVITIES 

As part of the consolidated planning process, the MFA and DFA must consult with a wide 

variety of organizations in order to gain understanding of the housing and community 

development stage. This Consolidated Plan represents a collective effort from a broad 

array of entities in New Mexico, ranging from advocacy groups for the disabled to 

economic development organizations. Private, non-profit and public organization 

representatives, including mayors, county supervisors, county or planning and 

development district administrators, persons interested in the CDBG program, persons 

interested in the HOME program, persons associated with Continuum of Care 

organizations, and the New Mexico Department of Health were contacted through several 

means, such as e-mail correspondence, online surveys and face-to-face interactions. These 

persons were solicited to discuss housing and community development needs in New 

Mexico, including the ranking of those needs and activities that the MFA and DFA might 

consider in better addressing needs throughout the state. Further, individuals were asked 

to provide additional insight into prospective barriers and constraints to addressing housing 

and community development needs in New Mexico. 

E. EFFORTS TO ENHANCE CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT 

Public involvement began in April 2010 and extended over a period of several months. 

Two key steps were taken in the involvement process. One was the implementation of 

four focus group meetings, an assembly of experts in housing and community development 

issues for the State of New Mexico, and the other was a series of public input meetings 

during which citizens were provided the opportunity to offer feedback and input regarding 

the Consolidated Plan. 

The focus groups were held in latter April 2010 with the purpose of drawing upon the 

expert knowledge of stakeholders and gaining insight into their thoughts on barriers and 

constraints encountered in New Mexico’s housing and community development arena. 

A public input meeting was held on May 19, 2010 in Albuquerque to offer the public an 

additional opportunity to offer feedback on the Consolidated Plan. This meeting was 

New Mexico 




broadcast throughout the state to nine locations through video conferencing technology. 

These meetings were advertised in the Las Cruces Sun-News, the Albuquerque Journal and 

the Santa Fe New Mexican, as documented in Appendix D. 

F. PUBLIC HEARINGS AND APPROVAL PROCESSES 

The draft report for public review was released on August 23, 2010, which initiated a 30- 

day public review period. Two public presentations of the draft were made in 

Albuquerque on September 15, with one before the MFA Board of Directors and the 

second via interactive video broadcast live throughout New Mexico. These meetings were 

also advertised in mass media outlets. 

New Mexico 



III. DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC PROFILE 


The following narrative examines a broad range of socioeconomic characteristics including 

population, race and ethnicity, disability, poverty and unemployment rates. Data were 

gathered from the U.S Census Bureau, the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the Bureau of 

Labor Statistics, HUD, and the New Mexico Bureau of Business and Economic Research. 

This information was used to analyze the state’s current social and economic complexion 

and determine prospective trends and patterns in growth in the next five years. 

B. DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS 

The Census Bureau reports significant levels of detail about the demographic characteristics 

of geographic areas in each of the decennial census enumerations. However, between 

these large and detailed counts of the population, more general demographic estimates are 

released. Both sets of information are presented in this section. 

TOTAL POPULATION 

Table III.1, at right, shows the changes in 

population that have occurred in New Mexico 

from 1980 through the most recent population 

estimates for 2009. Overall, the population 

increased from 1.3 million in 1980 to 2.0 

million in 2009. This was an increase of more 

than 50.0 percent over the 20-year time span. 

This table also details the population changes 

due to the natural increase, represented as births 

minus deaths, as well as the net migration, 

which refers to the total persons moving into or 

out from the state. Between 2000 and 2009, 

the majority of the population growth in the 

state was attributable to the natural increase, 

with net migration falling by more than 60.0 

percent to slightly over 61,000 compared with 

more than 160,000 in the previous decade. 

Annual statistics regarding the population 

change in New Mexico between 2000 and 

2009 are presented in Table III.2, at right. 

Population growth was generally consistent 

from year to year with an average growth rate of 

Table III.1 

Population Change 

State of New Mexico 

Census Data,1980 - 7/2009 

1980 Population 1,302,894 

Natural Increase 80-90 175,206 

Net Migration 80-90 36,969 

1990 Population 1,515,069 



2000 Population 1,819,046 



2009 Population Estimate 2,009,671 

Table III.2 

Intercensal Population Estimates 


Census Data, 2000 - 2009 

Year 2009 Estimate % Increase 

2000 Census 1,819,046 . 

2001 1,828,809 0.5% 

2002 1,850,035 1.2% 

2003 1,869,683 1.1% 

2004 1,891,829 1.2% 

2005 1,916,538 1.3% 

2006 1,942,608 1.4% 

2007 1,968,731 1.3% 

2008 1,986,763 0.9% 

2009 2,009,671 1.2% 

% Change 00 - 09 10.5% . 

New Mexico 



III. Demographic and Economic Profile 

1.1 percent and an absolute change of 10.5 percent over the ten-year period. The smallest 

growth was seen in 2001 with only 0.5 percent growth and the highest growth was seen in 

2006 with 1.4 percent growth. 

The year-to-year estimated growth in population in New Mexico is also presented in 

Diagram III.1, below. 

2,050,000 

2,000,000 

1,950,000 

Diagram III.1 

Intercensal Population Estimates 


2000 Census and Intercensal Estimates 

1,916,538 

1,968,731 

2,009,671 

1,900,000 

1,850,000 

1,800,000 

1,750,000 

1,700,000 

1,819,046 

2000 

Census 

1,869,683 

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 

POPULATION BY RACE AND ETHNICITY 

The characteristics of the population in the State of 

New Mexico can also be examined by race and 

ethnicity. Table III.3 presents the breakdown of the 

population in the state by race and ethnicity from 2000 

census data. In terms of race, the majority of the 

population, 66.8 percent, was white, followed by 

American Indian at 9.5 percent, two or more races at 

3.6 percent, black at 1.9 percent, Asian at 1.1 percent 

and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander at 0.1 percent. 

As for ethnicity, persons of Hispanic descent 

comprised 42.1 percent of the population at the time 

of the 2000 census. The Hispanic population was the 

second most populous racial or ethnic group after the 

white population. 

Table III.3 

Population by Race 


2000 Census SF1 Data 

Race Population 

Percent 

of Total 

White 1,214,253 66.8% 

Black 34,343 1.9% 

American Indian 173,483 9.5% 

Asian 19,255 1.1% 

Native Hawaiian/ 

Pacific Islander 

1,503 0.1% 

Other 309,882 17.0% 

Two or More Races 66,327 3.6% 

Total 1,819,046 100.0% 

Hispanic 765,386 42.1% 

New Mexico 




More recent data on the racial and ethnic composition of New Mexico is presented in 

Table III.4. This table shows that the groups with the lowest population levels in the 2000 

census experienced the highest rates of growth through 2009. For example, the black 

population, which comprised only 1.9 percent of the population in 2000, climbed by 63.4 

percent in the ten-year time period. On the other hand, the white population, which was 

the most populous group at the time of the 2000 census, grew most slowly by only 8.2 

percent. 

Year White Black 

Table III.4 

Intercensal Population Estimates by Race and Ethnicity 



American 

Indian 

Asian 

Native 

Hawaiian/Pacific 

Islander 

Two or 

More 

Races 

Total 

Hispanic 

2000 1,553,050 38,421 178,864 21,188 2,112 25,411 1,819,046 765,386 

2001 1,556,017 40,850 181,585 21,660 2,207 26,490 1,828,809 781,778 

2002 1,569,534 43,619 184,013 22,763 2,328 27,778 1,850,035 797,056 

2003 1,582,242 46,187 186,199 23,754 2,402 28,899 1,869,683 811,684 

2004 1,597,222 49,103 188,032 24,786 2,527 30,159 1,891,829 826,304 

2005 1,615,337 51,564 189,506 25,910 2,598 31,623 1,916,538 842,905 

2006 1,634,995 54,421 190,541 26,929 2,681 33,041 1,942,608 860,621 

2007 1,654,055 57,139 192,382 27,896 2,753 34,506 1,968,731 880,327 

2008 1,665,042 59,497 193,756 29,272 2,936 36,260 1,986,763 897,825 

2009 1,680,251 62,773 195,403 30,160 3,076 38,008 2,009,671 915,738 

Percent Change 

00-09 

8.2% 63.4% 9.2% 42.3% 45.6% 49.6% 10.5% 17.3% 

While current information about detailed geographic distribution of population by race or 

ethnicity is not readily available, data from the 2000 census revealed that the geographic 

distribution of these racial and ethnic minorities was not even in New Mexico. An analysis 

of racial distribution was conducted by calculating the percentage share of total population 

within each census tract of the particular racial or ethnic group. That share was then plotted 

on a geographic map. HUD defines a population as having a disproportionate share when 

a portion of a population is more than 10 percentage points higher than the jurisdiction 

average. 

New Mexico 




For example, Map III.1, below, shows the concentration of the white population in the 

state. Earlier it was shown that at the time of the 2000 census 66.8 percent of the 

population in the state was white. Therefore, based on HUD’s definition, any area that had 

a white population ten percentage points or more higher at that time, or 76.8 percent, had 

a disproportionate share of the white population. This map shows that the white 

population was concentrated in central, east, and southwest portions of the state as well as 

in selected census tracts near Albuquerque and Santa Fe. 

Map III.1 

Percent White Population by Census Tract 


2000 Census Data 

New Mexico 




Map III.2, below, shows the concentration of the black population in the state by census 

tract. The black population was concentrated in one census tract in the state, near Las 

Cruces, which showed a 15.8 percent concentration. 

Map III.2 

Percent Black Population by Census Tract 



New Mexico 




Map III.3 presents the geographic concentration of another minority population in the state: 

Hispanic persons. The Hispanic population was disproportionately concentrated in many 

census tracts throughout New Mexico. The highest levels of concentration, as high as 

100.0, were seen around the cities of Santa Fe and Las Cruces. 

Map III.3 

Percent Hispanic Population by Census Tract 



New Mexico 




The concentration of the American Indian population is presented in Map III.4. As to be 

expected, the American Indian population was highly concentrated near tribal trust and 

reservation lands in the northwest portion of the state, as well as the mid central part of the 

state. Some census tracts showed 100.0 percent American Indian population. 

Map III.4 

Percent American Indian Population by Census Tract 


2000 Census Data 1 

1 

Census tracts in the map with both white and red color designations, indicating American Indian Reservation lands and population 

concentrations in excess of 72.1 percent, respectively, are shown in the map as pink. 

New Mexico 




POPULATION BY AGE 

Table III.5, at right, presents data on population by age for the 

State of New Mexico from the 2000 decennial census. As 

shown therein, New Mexico’s population varied greatly by age. 

The two age cohort categories with the highest population totals 

were persons aged 35 to 54, at 527,828, and persons aged 5 to 

19, at 434, 231. At the time of the 2000 census, the population 

was generally balanced between those aged 34 or younger and 

those the age of 35 or older, at 50.6 percent and 49.4 percent, 

respectively. 

Table III.6 shows the population of the State of New Mexico by 

age from 2000 through 2009. During this time period the 

number of persons in all age groups increased, although some 

64 and Over 

Total 

212,225 

1,819,046 

increased significantly more than others. For example, the “Baby Boomer” generation of 

55 to 64 year olds jumped 47.4 percent and those aged 65 or older climbed 23.1 percent, 

while those between the ages of 15 and 24 and 25 and 44 increased drastically less, 7.2 

and 1.3 percent, respectively. 

Age 

Under 14 

years 

Table III.6 

Intercensal Population Estimates by Age 



15 to 24 

years 

25 to 44 

years 

45 to 54 

years 

55 to 64 

years 

65 & over Total 

2000 419,108 267,042 516,100 245,819 158,752 212,225 1,819,046 

2001 413,250 273,500 507,849 254,392 163,242 216,576 1,828,809 

2002 412,333 280,160 505,969 257,953 173,221 220,399 1,850,035 

2003 410,863 285,531 504,887 262,161 181,603 224,638 1,869,683 

2004 411,046 288,898 506,872 265,794 190,334 228,885 1,891,829 

2005 411,694 289,903 510,063 269,864 199,914 235,100 1,916,538 

2006 413,214 289,321 513,433 274,629 210,063 241,948 1,942,608 

2007 417,281 288,909 517,396 277,710 219,439 247,996 1,968,731 

2008 420,362 286,786 518,460 279,126 226,855 255,174 1,986,763 

2009 426,180 286,334 523,059 278,743 234,013 261,342 2,009,671 

% Change 00 - 

09 

1.7% 7.2% 1.3% 13.4% 47.4% 23.1% 10.5% 

The Elderly 

Table III.5 

Population by Age 



Age 

Total 

Under 5 130,628 

5 to 19 434,231 

20 to 24 121,291 

25 to 34 234,091 

35 to 54 527,828 

55 to 64 158,752 

The elderly population is defined by the Census Bureau as comprising any person aged 65 

or older. As noted in the 2000 census data, 212,225 persons in New Mexico were 

considered elderly. Diagram III.2, on the following page, segregates this age cohort into 

several smaller groups. This diagram shows that those aged 70 to 74 comprised the largest 

age cohort of the elderly population in New Mexico at that time at more than 54,518 

persons, followed by the age groups of 75 to 79 with 43,729 persons and 67 to 69 with 

37,243 persons. 

New Mexico 




60,000 

50,000 

40,000 

30,000 

20,000 

25,984 

37,243 

Diagram III.2 

Elderly Population by Age 



54,518 

43,729 

27,445 

23,306 

10,000 

0 

65 to 66 67 to 69 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 85 and over 

Age 

The Frail Elderly 

The elderly population also includes those who are 

considered to be frail elderly, defined as elderly 

persons whose physiological circumstances may limit 

functional capabilities; this is often quantified as those 

who are 85 years of age and older. Table III.7 shows 

that there were 23,306 persons aged 85 or older in 

New Mexico at the time of the 2000 census. This 

group was comprised of 15,689 females and only 

7,617 males. 

Table III.7 




Age Male Female Total 

65 to 66 12,491 13,493 25,984 

67 to 69 17,635 19,608 37,243 

70 to 74 25,098 29,420 54,518 

75 to 79 19,028 24,701 43,729 

80 to 84 11,330 16,115 27,445 

85 and over 7,617 15,689 23,306 

Total 93,199 119,026 212,225 

DISABLED PERSONS 

Disability is defined by the Census Bureau as a lasting physical, 

mental or emotional condition that makes it difficult for a person to 

do activities, to go outside the home alone or to work. Defined in 

this fashion, 338,430 persons or 20.4 percent of the population aged 

5 or older in New Mexico had one or more disabilities at the time of 

the 2000 census. This figure was only slightly higher than the 

national average for that time of about 19.0 percent. As seen in 

Table III.8, at right, there were 18,374 persons aged 5 to 15 with 

disabilities, 228,041 persons between the age of 16 and 64 with a 

disability and 92,105 persons over the age of 65 with a disability at 

that time. 2 

Table III.8 

Disability by Age 



Age 

Total 

5 to 15 18,374 

16 to 64 228,041 

Over 65 92,015 

Total 338,430 

Disability Rate 20.4% 

2 

The data on disability status was derived from answers to long-form questionnaire items 16 and 17 for the 1-in-6 sample. Item 16 asked 

about the existence of the following long-lasting conditions: (a) blindness, deafness, or a severe vision or hearing impairment, (sensory 

disability) and (b) a condition that substantially limits one or more basic physical activities such as walking, climbing stairs, reaching, 

lifting, or carrying (physical disability). Item 16 was asked of a sample of the population five years old and over. Item 17 asked if the 

New Mexico 




However, there were several census tracts within the state that tended to have higher 

concentrations of the disabled. These areas were located mostly in the mid to northwest 

parts of New Mexico and tended to have a disability rate of between 30.0 and 50.0 

percent, as seen in Map III.5. One census tract west of Albuquerque showed a rate above 

50.0 percent and another census tract on reservation lands in the northwest part of the state 

showed a rate above 75.0 percent. 

Map III.5 

Disability Rate by Census Tract 



individual had a physical, mental, or emotional condition lasting 6 months or more that made it difficult to perform certain activities. The 

four activity categories were: (a) learning, remembering, or concentrating (mental disability); (b) dressing, bathing, or getting around 

inside the home (self-care disability); (c) going outside the home alone to shop or visit a doctor’s office (going outside the home 

disability); and (d) working at a job or business (employment disability). Categories 17a and 17b were asked of a sample of the 

population five years old and over; 17c and 17d were asked of a sample of the population 16 years old and over. For data products 

which use the items individually, the following terms are used: sensory disability for 16a, physical disability for 16b, mental disability for 

17a, self-care disability for 17b, going outside the home disability for 17c, and employment disability for 17d. For data products which 

use a disability status indicator, individuals were classified as having a disability if any of the following three conditions was true: (1) they 

were five years old and over and had a response of "yes" to a sensory, physical, mental or self-care disability; (2) they were 16 years old 

and over and had a response of "yes" to going outside the home disability; or (3) they were 16 to 64 years old and had a response of 

"yes" to employment disability. 

New Mexico 




GROUP QUARTERS POPULATION 

The Census Bureau identifies all persons not living in housing units as living in group 

quarters. Two categories of persons in group quarters are recognized: 

• The institutionalized population includes persons under formally authorized supervised 

care or custody, such as those living in correctional institutions, nursing homes, 

juvenile institutions, halfway houses, mental or psychiatric hospitals, and wards. 

• The non-institutionalized population includes persons who live in group quarters other 

than institutions, such as college dormitories, military quarters or group homes. These 

latter settings include community-based homes that provide care and supportive 

services, such as those with alcohol and drug addictions. This particular category also 

includes emergency and transitional shelters for the homeless. 

However, the population living in “other noninstitutionalized 

group quarters,” as identified as nonsheltered 

locations, has been disputed at length. This count 

of the homeless population is likely to significantly underrepresent 

this subpopulation; a more recent local count of 

this population is covered in a latter section of this 

document. Nevertheless, according to 2000 census data, the 

number of persons living in New Mexico group quarters as 

counted in 2000 census data was 36,307. Of this total, 

more than half were residing in institutional settings, and the 

remaining portion was residing in non-institutionalized 

settings. These data are presented in Table III.9 

POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD FORECAST 

Table III.9 

Group Quarters Population 



Group Quarters 

Institutionalized 

Total 

Correctional Institutions 10,940 

Nursing Homes 6,810 

Other Institutions 1,428 

Total 19,178 

Non-institutionalized 

College Dormitories 7,921 

Military Quarters 1,827 

Other Group Quarters 7,381 

Total 17,129 

Group Quarters Population 36,307 

Table III.10, at right, presents data on the number of persons per 

household, as counted in Census 2000. At that time, most 

households in the state were three-person households or less, 

although there were also substantial numbers of four to five persons 

households. 

POPULATION AND HOUSEHOLD FORECAST 

The Bureau of Business and Economic Research (BBER) produces 

population forecasts. This information can be used to better 

anticipate housing and community development needs within the 

state. As seen in Table III.11, the state is expected to grow to 2.4 

million persons and nearly 808,000 households by 2015, the final 

year of this planning cycle, and to grow to nearly 2.9 million 

persons and more than a million households by 2030. 

Table III.10 

Persons Per 

Household 



Persons 

Total 

One Person 172,174 

Two Person 219,499 

Three Person 110,856 

Four Person 95,692 

Five Person 48,220 

Six Person 18,716 

Seven Person 12,814 

Total 677,971 

New Mexico 




Table III.11 

Population and Household Projections 


Census and BBER Forecast 3 

Projections 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 

Households 

Owner 474,435 504,354 558,851 608,966 656,497 699,816 740,403 

Renter 203,536 223,466 249,043 271,376 292,557 311,862 329,948 

Total 677,971 727,820 807,894 880,342 949,054 1,011,678 1,070,351 

Population 1,819,046 1,912,884 2,162,331 2,356,236 2,540,145 2,707,757 2,864,796 

C. ECONOMIC CONDITIONS 

LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT 

Over the last twenty years, from 1990 through 2009, the labor force in New Mexico, 

defined as people either working or looking for work, rose from about 700,000 persons to 

about 956,000 persons. This represented a growth of about 0.36 percent. However, from 

2008 to 2009, this figure dipped slightly due to the national and global recession. But this 

dip was not as significant as the drop in employment levels, as shown in Diagram III.3. 

1,000,000 

950,000 

900,000 

850,000 

800,000 

750,000 

700,000 

650,000 

600,000 

Diagram III.3 

Labor Force and Total Employment 

State of New Mexico vs. U.S. 

BLS Annual Data 2007 - 2009 

955,904 

887,358 

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 

Labor Force 

Employment 

Over this same time period, the unemployment rate fluctuated from a high of 7.5 percent 

in 1992 and 1996 to a low of 3.5 in 2007. However, since 2007 the unemployment rate 

more than doubled to 7.2 percent in 2009. These data are presented in Table III.12, on the 

following page. 

3 

New Mexico County Population Projections, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, University of Mexico, released August 2008. 

New Mexico 




Table III.12 

Labor Force Statistics 


BLS Data, 1990 - 2009 

Year 

Labor 

Force 

Employment 

Unemployment 

Unemployment 

Rate 

1990 711,891 663,698 48,193 6.8 

1991 719,243 667,698 51,545 7.2 

1992 735,447 680,463 54,984 7.5 

1993 755,053 700,258 54,795 7.3 

1994 776,827 725,387 51,440 6.6 

1995 798,621 744,557 54,064 6.8 

1996 812,862 751,826 61,036 7.5 

1997 822,627 768,596 54,031 6.6 

1998 835,879 783,661 52,218 6.2 

1999 839,988 793,052 46,936 5.6 

2000 852,293 810,024 42,269 5.0 

2001 863,682 821,003 42,679 4.9 

2002 871,512 823,191 48,321 5.5 

2003 888,468 835,835 52,633 5.9 

2004 901,833 849,970 51,863 5.8 

2005 913,453 866,349 47,104 5.2 

2006 930,832 892,336 38,496 4.1 

2007 941,554 908,557 32,997 3.5 

2008 961,259 918,041 43,218 4.5 

2009 955,904 887,358 68,546 7.2 



has remained below national levels, as seen below in Diagram III.4. 

10.0 

9.0 

8.0 

7.0 

6.0 

5.0 

4.0 

3.0 

Diagram III.4 

Unemployment Rate 


BLS Annual Data 2000 - 2009 

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 

New Mexico 

U.S. 

9.3 

7.2 

New Mexico 




Recent unemployment rates are presented in Diagram III.5, below. This diagram shows 

that the unemployment rate in New Mexico has not significantly improved in recent 

months. In fact, during the first three months of 2010, the unemployment rate slid very 

close to the national rate of nearly 10.0 percent before falling back to levels seen in the 

latter portion of 2009. 

12.0 

10.0 

8.0 

6.0 

4.0 

2.0 

0.0 

Diagram III.5 

Unemployment Rate 


BLS Monthly Data 2007 - 2010 

Jan 

Feb 

Mar 

Apr 

May 

Jun 

Jul 

Aug 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Jan 

Feb 

Mar 

Apr 

May 

Jun 

Jul 

Aug 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Jan 

Feb 

Mar 

Apr 

May 

Jun 

Jul 

Aug 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Jan 

Feb 

Mar 

Apr 

May 

2007 2008 2009 2010 

New Mexico 

U.S.A. 

9.7 

8.0 

FULL AND PART-TIME EMPLOYMENT 

The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) provides an alternate view of employment 

representing a count of both full- and part-time jobs rather than people working or seeking 

work. Thus, a person working more than one job can be counted more than once. These 

data are drawn from administrative records; thus there is somewhat of a delay in reporting 

the information. 

BEA data show that the total number of full- and part-time jobs in New Mexico increased 

significantly from the 1969 through 2008 time period, rising from slightly less than 

420,000 to 1.1 million jobs over the 40-year time frame. The rise in jobs was even and 

showed little fluctuation. These data are presented in Diagram III.6, on the following page. 

New Mexico 




1,220,000 

1,120,000 

1,020,000 

920,000 

820,000 

720,000 

620,000 

520,000 

420,000 

320,000 

220,000 

Diagram III.6 

Total Full- and Part- Time Employment 


BEA Data 1969 - 2008, 2009 Dollars 

1,117,433 

1969 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 

EARNINGS AND PERSONAL INCOME 

BEA data also include estimates of earnings and personal income. When the total of 

earnings is divided by the number of jobs and deflated to remove the effects of inflation, 

the average real earnings per job is determined, as seen below in Diagram III.7. 

Unfortunately, average earnings per job in New Mexico have remained below national 

averages throughout the time period, with the gap actually increasing since the mid 1980s. 

In 2008, the real average earning per job in New Mexico was $43,020, $7,838 less than 

national real earnings per job. 

55,000 

50,000 

45,000 

40,000 

35,000 

30,000 

Diagram III.7 

Real Average Earnings Per Job 


BEA Data 1969 - 2008, 2009 Dollars 

50,858 

43,020 

25,000 

1969 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 

New Mexico 

U.S. 

New Mexico 




Another perspective of the state of the economy involves comparing the total of all forms of 

income: earnings from jobs plus transfer payments and property income, such as 

dividends, interest and rents. When all these data are summed, equating to total personal 

income, and then divided by population, per capita income is the result. Historically, New 

Mexico has experienced a real per capita income that was less than the national average. 

By 2008, the difference between these two measures of income was $6,859, as seen in 

Diagram III.8. This tends to underscore that both earned income and unearned income 

were lower in New Mexico than other areas across the country. 

45,000 

40,000 

35,000 

30,000 

25,000 

20,000 

15,000 

Diagram III.8 

Real Per Capita Income 


BEA Data, 1969 - 2008, 2009 Dollars 

40,688 

33,829 

10,000 

1969 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 

New Mexico 

U.S. 

DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME 

To view how income is distributed throughout New 

Mexico, the number of households in selected income 

categories was drawn from the 2000 census. As seen in 

Table III.13, at right, nearly 21.0 percent of all 

households in the state had incomes that were under 

$15,000, with another nearly 8.0 percent with incomes 

between $15,000 and $19,999. In total, more than onethird 

of all households in New Mexico had incomes that 

were below $25,000 at the time of the last decennial 

census. 

Table III.13 

Households by Income 



Income Total Percentage 

Under 15,000 141,300 20.8% 

15,000 - 19,999 53,474 7.9% 

20,000 - 24,999 53,813 7.9% 

25,000 - 34,999 97,447 14.4% 

35,000 - 49,999 115,315 17.0% 

50,000 - 74,999 111,913 16.5% 

75,000 - 99,999 53,079 7.8% 

100,000 and above 51,691 7.6% 

Total 678,032 100.0% 

New Mexico 




POVERTY 

The Census Bureau uses a set of income thresholds that vary by family size and 

composition to determine poverty status. If a family’s total income is less than the threshold 

for that size family, then that family, and every individual in it, is considered poor. The 

poverty thresholds do not vary geographically, but they are updated annually for inflation 

using the Consumer Price Index. The official poverty definition counts monetary income 

earned before taxes and does not include capital gains and non-cash benefits such as 

public housing, Medicaid and food stamps. Poverty is not defined for people in military 

barracks, institutional group quarters or for unrelated individuals under the age of 15, such 

as foster children. These people are excluded from the poverty calculations, as they are 

considered as neither poor nor non-poor. 4 

In New Mexico the poverty rate in 2000 was 18.4 percent 

with 328,933 persons living in poverty. This rate was 

significantly higher than the national average of 12.4 

percent at that time. The state also had nearly 43,000 

children under the age of 5 living in poverty and another 

82,482 children between the ages of 6 and 18 living in 

poverty. Additionally, 26,341 of the state’s citizens 65 year 

of age or older were also considered to be living in 

poverty. 

However, the distribution of poverty in New Mexico was not evenly distributed, with some 

areas of the state having much higher concentrations of poverty than others. As established 

previously, HUD notes that a disproportionate share exists when the share of a population is 

10.0 percentage points higher than the jurisdiction average. In the case of the poverty rate in 

New Mexico, a disproportionate share would exist in any census tract that showed a 28.4 

percent or greater poverty rate. 

Age 

Table III.14 

Poverty by Age 



Total 

5 and Below 42,736 

6 to 18 82,482 

18 to 64 177,374 

65 and Older 26,341 

Total 328,933 

Poverty Rate 18.4% 

4 http://www.census.gov/hhes/poverty/povdef.html. 

New Mexico 




Map III.5 shows that many census tracts in New Mexico showed disproportionate shares of 

poverty and some census tracts had rates as high as 76.1 percent of the population in 

poverty. These census tracts were mostly located in the northwest portion of the state. 

Map III.5 

Poverty Rate by Census Tract 



New Mexico 




More recent poverty data for New Mexico, extracted 

from the Census Bureau’s Small Area Income and 

Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) program, are presented in 

Table III.15, at right. Overall, the poverty rate 

changed from 17.3 percent in 2000 to 17.0 percent in 

2008 and varied from a low of 16.7 percent in 2004 

to a high of 18.4 percent in 2005. 5 

Despite the level of poverty in New Mexico, HUD’s 

estimate of the median family income increased from 

2000 through 2009. During this ten-year period, the 

median family income increased from $40,800 to 

$51,700, as shown in Diagram III.9, with the most 

significant increase in median family income seen 

between 2007 and 2008 at 8.5 percent. 

Table III.15 

Poverty Rate 


Census Bureau SAIPE Poverty Estimates, 

2000 - 2009 

Year 

Individuals in 

Poverty 

Poverty Rate 

2000 309,103 17.3 

2001 326,653 18.0 

2002 327,444 17.7 

2003 330,759 17.7 

2004 316,088 16.7 

2005 345,231 18.4 

2006 350,120 18.3 

2007 344,060 17.9 

2008 329,857 17.0 

55,000 

50,000 

45,000 

40,000 

40,800 

41,700 

42,800 

Diagram III.9 

Median Family Income 


HUD Data, 2000 - 2009 

43,800 

46,200 46,200 46,200 46,600 

50,600 

51,700 

35,000 

30,000 

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 

New Mexico 

ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGY 

Many agencies throughout New Mexico actively pursue the elimination of poverty. The 

role the MFA performs in this overall endeavor is to foster and promote self-sufficiency and 

independence. To better empower individual and families toward this goal, the following 

strategies will be put to work: 

• Promote sustainable economic development through affordable housing and other 

community development activities; 

5 

The estimate for 2000 in this Table differs from the 2000 census data presented in the table on the previous page because the SAIPE 

estimates are taken from a different sample. 

New Mexico 




• Assist households in purchasing homes, developing stability and net worth and 

reducing the likelihood for poverty; 

• Evaluate projects, in part, on the basis of their ability to foster self-sufficiency when 

awarding funding for projects; 

• Maintain a strong relationship with the New Mexico Coalition to End Homelessness 

to enhance and promote stabilization of homeless families and encourage transition 

to stable, permanent housing situations; 

• Explore partnership opportunities with the Human Services Department regarding 

its administration of the Community Services Block Grant, a program that helps 

organization that provide a range of services and activities having a measurable and 

potentially major impact on the causes of poverty in their communities; and 

• Enhance efforts to educate the public and interested persons about available 

supportive services that foster self-sufficiency and independent living arrangements. 

D. SUMMARY 

Between 1980 and 2009, the population in New Mexico increased from 1.3 million in 

1980 to 2.0 million. In the last ten years, from 2000 through 2009, total population 

growth equaled 10.5 percent with an average growth rate of 1.1 percent per year. In 2000, 

the majority of the population, 66.8 percent, was white, followed by other at 17.0 percent, 

American Indian at 9.5 percent, two or more races at 3.6 percent, black at 1.9 percent, 

Asian at 1.1 percent and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander at 0.1 percent. As for ethnicity, 

persons of Hispanic descent comprised 42.1 percent of the population. Geographic 

analysis of racial and ethnic data showed that Hispanic and American Indian populations 

were overly concentrated in certain parts of the state. Slightly over 20.0 percent of the 

population aged 5 or older in New Mexico had one or more disabilities at the time of the 

2000 census and this population was also concentrated in selected census tracts in the 

state. In terms of population growth, the state is expected to grow to 2.4 million persons 

and nearly 808,000 households by 2015 and to 2.9 million persons and more than a 

million households by 2030. 

From 1990 through 2009, the labor force in New Mexico, defined as people either 

working or looking for work, rose from about 700,000 persons to about 956,000 persons. 



has remained below national levels. However, during the first three months of 2010, the 

unemployment rate slid very close to the national rate of nearly 10.0 percent before falling 

back to 8.0 levels seen in the latter portion of 2009. In 2008, the real average earning per 

job in New Mexico was $43,000, and real per capita income was $33,829, but both of 

these figures were below national averages. In New Mexico the poverty rate in 2000 was 

18.4 percent with 328,933 persons living in poverty. This rate was significantly higher than 

the national average of 12.4 percent at that time. Persons in poverty were also 

concentrated in select census tracts across the state. 

New Mexico 



IV. HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS 


The following narrative provides information about the housing market, the supply and 

demand for housing over time, building permit data and related price information for both 

rental properties and homeownership opportunities in New Mexico. 

B. HOUSING STOCK 

In 2000, the Census Bureau reported that the State of New 

Mexico had 780,579 total housing units. Since that time, the 

Census Bureau has continued to release estimates of the total 

number of housing units in the state. The annual estimates of 

housing stock are presented in Table IV.1, at right. As shown, 

the total housing stock increased each year during the nineyear 

time period, for a total housing unit growth of roughly 

91,000 units or an 11.7 percent increase. By 2008, the total 

housing stock was estimated to be 871,700. 

TYPE AND TENURE 

Of the total housing stock counted in the 2000 census, 

511,283 units were single-family units. Another 145,087 were 

mobile homes. These two types of housing units dominated 

the housing market in the state and comprised 84.1 percent of 

all residential housing units in New Mexico. As seen in Table 

IV.2, at right, the remaining housing units were attributed as 

apartments with 77,034 units, tri- or four-plexes with 27,436 

units, duplexes with 15,300 units, and boats, RVs, vans, etc 

with 4,439 units. 

However, not all of the 780,579 housing units were occupied 

at the time. In fact, more than 100,000 housing units were 

unoccupied. This equated to an occupancy rate of only 86.9 

percent. Of the 677,971 units that were occupied, 474,435 

were owner-occupied and 203,536 were renter-occupied. 

This represented a homeownership rate of 70.0 percent. These 

data are presented in Table IV.3, at right. 

Table IV.1 

Housing Units Estimates 



Year 

Housing Units 

2000 780,579 

2001 793,290 

2002 802,691 

2003 813,227 

2004 824,037 

2005 837,313 

2006 852,495 

2007 864,329 

2008 871,700 

Table IV.2 

Housing Units by Unit Type 



Unit Type 

Total 

Single-Family Unit 511,283 

Duplex 15,300 

Tri- or Four-Plex 27,436 

Apartments 77,034 

Mobile Homes 145,087 

Boat, RV, Van, Etc. 4,439 

Total 780,579 

Table IV.3 

Housing Units by Tenure 



Tenure 

Total 

Occupied Housing Units 677,971 

Owner-Occupied 474,435 

Renter-Occupied 203,536 

Vacant Housing Units 102,608 

Total Housing Units 780,579 

New Mexico 



IV. Housing Market Analysis 

The Census Bureau estimates homeownership rates annually. These data on 

homeownership rates are presented in Diagram IV.1, below. This diagram compares 

homeownership rates for New Mexico and the U.S. from 1984 through 2009 and shows 

that New Mexico had consistently higher homeownership rates over this time as compared 

to national figures. 

74.0 

Diagram IV.1 

Homeownership Rates 



Homeownership Rate 

72.0 

70.0 

68.0 

66.0 

64.0 

62.0 

60.0 

84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 

New Mexico 

U.S. 

VACANT HOUSING 

In terms of the 102,608 vacant housing units counted in 

the 2000 census, many of these units were for rent, 26,758 

units, or for sale, 12,175 units. A significant number, 

35,256, were also for seasonal, recreational or occasional 

use and 6,022 were rented or sold but not occupied. An 

additional 21,974 units were considered “other vacant” 

units, which usually refers to units that are unsuitable for 

habitation. Other vacant units can represent problems for 

communities because these units are not available to the 

marketplace and often have a blighting influence on the 

surrounding areas. 

Table IV.4 

Disposition of Vacant Housing 

Units 



Disposition 

Total 

For Rent 26,758 

For Sale 12,175 

Rented or Sold, Not Occupied 6,022 

For Seasonal, Recreational, 

or Occasional Use 

35,256 

For Migrant Workers 423 

Other Vacant 21,974 

Total 102,608 

More recent information on housing vacancy rates, as drawn from annual Census Bureau 

surveys, is presented on the following page in Diagram IV.2. This diagram shows that 

vacancy rates for owner-occupied housing have fluctuated greatly in the last 25 years, 

sometimes exceeding and sometimes falling lower than national rates. Since 2007, New 

Mexico owner-occupied home vacancy rates have fallen while national rates have 

remained steady. 

New Mexico 




4.00 

Diagram IV.2 

Homeowner Vacancy Rates 



3.50 

Vacancy Rate 

3.00 

2.50 

2.00 

1.50 

1.00 

0.50 

86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 

New Mexico Homeowner 

U.S. Homeowner 

Census data regarding rental vacancy rates, as drawn from the annual surveys conducted 

by the Census Bureau, were also examined. As shown in Diagram IV.3, some patterns 

seen in homeownership vacancy rates in the 1986 through 2009 time period were also 

seen in rental vacancy rates in the same time period. For example, periods of higher rates 

seen in the early 1990s and early 2000s were followed by periods of lower rates in the mid 

1990s and mid 2000s. However, after 2003, both state and national rates evened out, 

although state rates were still below national rates of rental vacancy. 

16.00 

Diagram IV.3 

Rental Vacancy Rates 



14.00 

Vacancy Rate 

12.00 

10.00 

8.00 

6.00 

4.00 

2.00 

86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 

New Mexico Rental 

U.S. Rental 

New Mexico 




AGE OF THE HOUSING STOCK 

The age of the housing stock is also reported in the 2000 census data. The age of the 

housing stock has been grouped into nine categories, ranging from 1939 or earlier through 

2000. Diagram IV.4 shows that substantial numbers of housing units were added to the 

stock in the 1970s, with 165,774 units added, and in the 1980s, with 155,971 units added. 

Only 23,200 units were added from 1999 through 2000. 

180,000 

160,000 

140,000 

120,000 

100,000 

80,000 

60,000 

40,000 

20,000 

0 

46,025 44,302 

1939 or 

earlier 

1940 to 

1949 

90,546 

1950 to 

1959 

Diagram IV.4 

Housing Units by Vintage 


Census 2000 SF3 Data 

99,146 

1960 to 

1969 

165,774 

1970 to 

1979 

155,971 

1980 to 

1989 

69,854 

1990 to 

1994 

85,761 

1995 to 

1998 

23,200 

1999 to 

March 

2000 

C. HOUSING PRODUCTION AND AFFORDABILITY 

HOUSING PRODUCTION 

The Census Bureau reports the number of residential building permits issued each year for 

permit issuing places, including those in the State of New Mexico. Reported data are 

single family units, duplexes, and tri- and four-plex units and all units within facilities 

comprising five or more units. 

Diagram IV.5, on the following page, presents the number of both single-family units and 

all other types of units permitted in the state from 1980 through 2009. The total number of 

single-family units fluctuated over this time period, with a low of around 5,000 in the late 

1980s and early 1990s and a high of around 13,000 in 2004. Since 2007, however, the 

number of units permitted has dropped substantially, falling from a total of 14,180 

permitted units in 2005 to only 4,642 in 2009. The lack of new construction in the past 

few years coupled with a growing population suggests that there might be a lack of decent, 

suitable housing. In terms of all other units, these figures were slightly higher than the 

number of single-family units with the exception of 1984 when the number of permits for 

all other types of units was double the number of single-family permits. 

New Mexico 




18,000 

16,000 

14,000 

12,000 

10,000 

8,000 

6,000 

4,000 

2,000 

0 

Diagram IV.5 

Number of Housing Units Permitted 


1980 - 2009 Permitted Data: U.S. Census Bureau 

1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 

Single Family Units 

All Other Units 

Table IV.5, on the following page, presents data on the number of manufactured homes 

placed in New Mexico, along with data regarding average price. Manufactured homes do 

not require a permit and are therefore not included in the previous data regarding housing 

permit activity. 

In total, the number of manufactured homes placed in New Mexico between 1980 and 

2009 was 105,900, including roughly 56,700 single-wide and 47,600 double-wide homes. 

The figures varied significantly by year, with a high of 6,600 seen in 1996 and 1998 and a 

low of only 800 in 2009. Since 2000, the number of manufactured homes placed in the 

state amounted to only 18.2 percent or less than one-fifth of the total units placed. 

In terms of prices, manufactured housing prices in New Mexico were consistently higher 

than the national average through the mid 1990s, when prices began to fluctuate higher or 

lower than national figures. In 1980 the price for a manufactured home in New Mexico 

was $20,600, compared to $19,800 nationally. By 2009, the average price was a 

manufactured home in New Mexico was $73,200, compared to $63,100 nationally. 

New Mexico 




Year 

Table IV.5 

Manufactured Housing Unit Placement and Price 


Census Data, 1980 – 2009 

Units Placed in Service in 

Average Home Price, Nominal Dollars 

New Mexico New Mexico Average U.S. Average 

Total* 

Total 

Singlewide 

Doublewide 

Singlewide 

Doublewide 

Singlewide 

Doublewide 

1980 2,400 500 2,900 18,200 31,900 20,600 16,000 28,500 19,800 

1981 3,000 600 3,700 18,500 29,000 20,400 16,700 29,200 19,900 

1982 4,200 800 5,000 20,100 34,400 22,400 17,200 28,400 19,700 

1983 3,800 1,100 4,800 19,700 35,100 23,300 17,600 30,500 21,000 

1984 4,000 800 4,900 20,700 31,600 22,600 17,700 30,400 21,500 

1986 3,000 1,400 4,500 19,300 33,600 24,000 17,800 30,100 21,800 

1987 3,200 900 4,200 20,500 35,200 23,900 17,800 30,800 22,400 

1987 1,900 900 2,800 21,600 35,300 26,100 18,400 32,400 23,700 

1988 1,300 1,300 2,600 23,300 35,200 29,300 18,600 33,600 25,100 

1989 1,300 1,200 2,400 24,500 37,800 30,900 19,600 35,700 27,200 

1990 900 800 1,700 22,200 40,100 30,500 19,800 36,600 27,800 

1991 1,000 900 1,900 22,100 36,900 28,700 19,900 36,900 27,700 

1992 1,700 1,400 3,200 24,400 39,000 30,900 20,600 37,200 28,400 

1993 3,000 2,100 5,100 24,200 44,100 32,400 21,900 39,600 30,500 

1994 2,400 2,300 4,700 25,100 44,600 35,100 23,500 42,000 32,800 

1995 3,800 2,600 6,500 28,000 46,900 36,400 25,800 44,600 35,300 

1996 3,600 3,000 6,600 27,800 47,900 37,000 27,000 46,200 37,200 

1997 2,900 3,500 6,500 29,500 50,100 41,300 27,900 48,100 39,800 

1998 2,600 3,900 6,600 30,200 50,000 42,200 28,800 49,800 41,600 

1999 2,000 3,900 6,000 29,400 49,400 42,700 29,300 51,100 43,300 

2000 1,600 3,200 4,800 30,600 52,700 45,600 30,200 53,600 46,400 

2001 800 2,300 3,100 31,200 54,500 49,000 30,400 55,200 48,900 

2002 500 1,500 2,100 34,500 58,100 55,100 30,900 56,100 51,300 

2003 100 1,700 1,800 59,900 (S) 59,500 31,900 59,700 54,900 

2004 100 1,000 1,200 29,300 60,800 59,600 32,900 63,400 58,200 

2005 300 1,100 1,500 34,100 66,200 62,600 34,100 68,700 62,600 

2006 200 900 1,200 38,100 76,400 77,800 36,100 71,300 64,300 

2007 500 1,000 1,600 34,400 75,800 62,800 37,300 74,200 65,400 

2008 400 800 1,200 37,300 77,100 63,700 38,000 75,800 64,700 

2009 200 500 800 44,300 84,400 73,200 39,600 74,400 63,100 

* Values may not sum correctly to the total due to other types of manufactured housing units, such as two story units. 

(S) = Suppressed because estimate is based on fewer than five responses. 

HOUSING PRICES 

The Census Bureau also reports the value of construction appearing on a building permit, 

excluding the cost of land and related land development. As shown on the following page 

in Diagram IV.6, the construction value of single-family dwellings generally increased from 

1980 through 2007, reaching $195,147 in 2007 but slipping to $177,911 in 2009. 

Total 

New Mexico 




Real 2009 Dollars 

220,000 

200,000 

180,000 

160,000 

140,000 

120,000 

100,000 

80,000 

60,000 

40,000 

Diagram IV.6 

Real Value of Single-Family Construction in New Mexico 


1980 - 2009 Permitted Data: U.S. Census Bureau 

195,147 

1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 

177,911 

Single-Family Units 

The distribution of housing values 

around the State of New Mexico 

as reported by the 2000 census is 

presented in Map IV.1, at right. 

This map shows that the areas 

with the highest home values were 

in and near urban areas 

surrounding major cities including 

Albuquerque, Santa Fe and Las 

Cruces. In these areas, home 

values ranged from $250,000 to 

nearly $400,000. In the suburban 

areas around or near these cities, 

housing values mostly fell 

between $150,000 and $250,000, 

and in the more rural areas, home 

values were $120,000 or less. 

The majority of the state 

experienced home values that 

were less than $100,000 at the 

time of the 2000 census. 

Map IV.1 

Median Home Value by Census Tract 


2000 Census 

New Mexico 




Map IV.2, displayed at right, 

illustrates data on median gross rent 

prices by census tract derived from 

2000 census data for the State of 

New Mexico. In this situation, gross 

rent refers to monthly contracted 

rental fees plus average monthly 

utility costs, which includes 

electricity, water and sewer services, 

and garbage removal. Some 

similarities can be seen when 

comparing this map and the 

previous map regarding home 

values. For example, the areas with 

the highest gross rent costs were in 

or near the major cities in the state, 

such as Albuquerque, Santa Fe and, 

to a lesser extent, Las Cruces. 

However, in this map, fewer areas 

were represented by the highest 

category of rent costs or gross rents 

that exceeded $1,000. Additionally, 

a greater number of census tracts 

showed moderate rental rates, or 

gross rents around $500 to $700. 

Map IV.2 

Median Gross Rent by Census Tract 


2000 Census 

For-sale and for-rent prices of housing units in New Mexico 

were also examined through craigslist data. Data from this 

website were gathered for the months of April, May and 

June, 2010. For-sale prices pertained to single-family 

homes with one to six bedrooms. For-rent prices related to 

studio to six bedroom units. Table IV.6 shows that housing 

prices were relative to number of bedrooms. For rental 

units, average prices ranged from $595 per month for a 

studio apartment to $2,900 per month for a six-bedroom 

unit. For-sale prices ranged from $137,264 for a onebedroom 

home to $464,333 for a six-bedroom home. 

Table IV.6 

Average Advertised Price by 

Bedroom 


Craigslist Advertisements, 4/10 – 6/10 

Monthly 

For Sale 

Bedrooms Rental 

Price 

Price 

Studio 595 . 

One 717 137,264 

Two 866 208,077 

Three 1,217 249,491 

Four 1,517 417,126 

Five 2,121 429,865 

Six 2,900 464,333 

Another indicator of housing cost was provided by the 

Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). The FHFA, the regulatory agency for Fannie Mae 

and Freddie Mac, tracks average housing price changes for single-family homes and 

publishes a Housing Price Index (HPI) reflecting price movements on a quarterly basis. This 

New Mexico 




index is a weighted repeat sales index, meaning that it measures average price changes in 

repeat sales or refinancing on the same properties. This information was obtained by 

reviewing repeat mortgage transactions on single-family properties whose mortgages have 

been purchased or securitized by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac since January 1975. 6 There 

are over 31 million repeat transactions in this database, which is computed monthly. All 

indexes, whether state or national, were set equal to 100 as of the first quarter of 2000. 

Diagram IV.7 shows the housing price index for one quarter from each year from 1980 

through the second quarter of 2010. As seen therein, the New Mexico index has been 

lower then the U.S. index since the late 1980s, with a near convergence in the mid 1990s. 

The housing price index in New Mexico increased for the next ten years to twelve years 

through before falling in 2008 as did the national trend. In 2010, the housing price index 

for New Mexico stood at 134.5 while the national figure stood at 147.1. 

180.0 

160.0 

140.0 

120.0 

100.0 

80.0 

Diagram IV.7 

Housing Price Index 


Federal Housing Finance Agency, 1975 - 2010 First Quarter 

147.1 

134.5 

60.0 

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 

New Mexico 

U.S.A. 

D. HOUSING 

HOUSING PROBLEMS 

While the Census Bureau does not delve deeply into the physical condition of the housing 

stock, selected questions from the decennial census do indeed address housing difficulties 

being faced by householders. These housing difficulties are represented by three different 

conditions: overcrowding, lack of complete plumbing or kitchen facilities, and cost burden. 

Each of these conditions is addressed on the following pages. 

Overcrowding 

6 Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, News Release, December 1, 2006. 

New Mexico 




HUD defines an overcrowded household as one having from 1.01 to 1.50 occupants per 

room and a severely overcrowded household as one with more than 1.50 occupants per 

room. This type of condition can be seen in both renter and homeowner households. 

Table IV.7 shows that 28,515 households in New Mexico were overcrowded at the time of 

the 2000 census, including 17,837 owner-occupied households and 10,678 renteroccupied 

households. Severely overcrowded households comprised 22,023 households in 

the state including 12,624 owner-occupied households and 9,399 renter-occupied 

households. Based on these figures, overcrowding appears to occur more frequently in 

renter-occupied units. 

Household 

Table IV.7 

Overcrowding and Severe Overcrowding 



No 

Overcrowding 

Overcrowding 

Severe 

Overcrowding 

Total 

Owner 

Households 443,974 17,837 12,624 474,435 

Percentage 93.6% 3.8% 2.7% 100.0% 

Renter 

Households 183,459 10,678 9,399 203,536 

Percentage 90.1% 5.2% 4.6% 100.0% 

Total 

Households 627,433 28,515 22,023 677,971 

Percentage 92.5% 4.2% 3.2% 100.0% 

Households Lacking Complete Kitchen or Plumbing Facilities 

According to the Census Bureau, a housing unit is classified as lacking complete kitchen 

facilities when any of the following is not present in a housing unit: a sink with piped hot 

and cold water, a range or cook top and oven, and a refrigerator. Likewise, a housing unit 

is categorized as lacking complete plumbing facilities when any of the following are 

missing from the housing unit: piped hot and cold water, a flush toilet, and a bathtub or 

shower. A lack of these facilities indicates that the housing unit is likely to be unsuitable. 

The State of New Mexico had about 3.1 

percent of its housing stock lacking 

complete kitchen facilities at the time of 

the 2000 census. This figure represented 

about 24,492 units, as shown in Table 

IV.8, at right. 

Table IV.8 

Housing Units with Incomplete Kitchen Facilities 



Facilities 

Total 

Kitchen Facilities 

Complete Kitchen Facilities 756,087 

Lacking Complete Kitchen Facilities 24,492 

Total Households 780,579 

Percent Lacking 3.1% 

New Mexico 




In terms of incomplete plumbing facilities, Table IV.9 

shows that 24,514 or 3.1 percent of households in New 

Mexico had incomplete plumbing facilities at the time of 

the 2000 census. 

Cost Burden 

Cost burden refers to the amount of income expended for Incomplete Plumbing Facilities 24,514 

housing. A household experiences a cost burden if Total Households 780,579 

between 30.0 and 50.0 percent of household income is Percent Lacking 3.1% 

used for housing costs, and a household experiences a severe cost burden if 50.1 percent 

or more of household income is devoted to housing costs. For renters, this represents 

monthly rent and any energy costs incurred. For homeowners, this includes all energy 

costs, water and sewer charges, refuse collection, taxes, insurance, and principal and 

interest charges, if a mortgage is held. Severely cost burdened renters and homeowners 

with a mortgage are at risk of homelessness because a single financial setback could result 

in a housing crisis. Severely cost burdened homeowners without a mortgage may be more 

likely defer maintenance on their housing unit, increasing the potential for health and 

safety threats as well as the likelihood of more dilapidated units or blight. 

According to 2000 census data, 16.0 percent of households in New Mexico experienced a 

cost burden at that time. An additional 11.2 percent of households experienced a severe 

cost burden. The Census Bureau also reports these conditions for three types of 

householders: renters, homeowners with a mortgage and homeowners without a mortgage. 

For renters, 19.6 percent had a cost burden and 18.0 percent had a severe cost burden. 

For homeowners with a mortgage, 18.5 percent had a cost burden and 10.2 percent had a 

severe cost burden. And for homeowners without a mortgage, 5.9 percent had a cost 

burden and 4.0 percent had a severe cost burden. These data are presented in Table IV.10. 

Households 

Less Than 

30.0% 

Table IV.10 

Cost Burden by Tenure 



31% - 50% 

Above 

50% 

Owner With a Mortgage 

Not 

Computed 

Total 

Households 152,889 39,869 22,087 1,237 216,082 

Percent 70.8% 18.5% 10.2% 0.6% 100.0% 

Owner Without a Mortgage 

Households 108,699 7,268 4,920 2,919 123,806 

Percent 87.8% 5.9% 4.0% 2.4% 100.0% 

Renter 

Households 101,952 39,452 36,130 23,374 200,908 

Percent 50.7% 19.6% 18.0% 11.6% 100.0% 

Total 

Households 363,540 86,589 63,137 27,530 540,796 

Percent 67.2% 16.0% 11.7% 5.1% 100.0% 

Table IV.9 

Housing Units with Incomplete 

Plumbing Facilities 



Facilities 

Total 

Plumbing Facilities 

Incomplete Plumbing Facilities 756,065 

New Mexico 




HOUSEHOLDS WITH UNMET HOUSING NEEDS 

Households that experience one or more of these housing problems are considered to have 

unmet housing needs. Such householders can be of any income level, race, ethnicity or 

family type. For the purposes presented herein, these data have been segmented by 

tenure, renters and homeowners, and by percent of median family income. 

Table IV.11 presents households with housing problems by income as well as family type. 

Within these groups, there were 137,265 owners and 88,595 renters that had an unmet 

housing need in New Mexico at the time of the 2000 census. However, the goals and 

objectives of the Consolidated Plan are designed specifically for assisting lower-income 

households or those with incomes 80.0 percent or less of the median family income. As 

such, this table also shows that there were 86,645 owner households and 78,070 renter 

households with incomes of 80.0 percent MFI of less that had unmet housing needs at the 

time of the last decennial census. 

Income 

Table IV.11 

Households with Housing Problems 

by Income by Tenure by Family Status 


Elderly 

2000 HUD CHAS Data 

Small 

Family 

Large 

Family 

Other 

Non- 

Family 

Total 

Owner 

30% AMI or less 9,550 8,880 4,235 5,855 28,520 

30.1-50% AMI 6,795 9,170 4,970 3,850 24,785 

50.1-80% AMI 6,125 14,120 7,770 5,325 33,340 

80.1-95% AMI 1,645 6,005 2,715 2,480 12,845 

95.1% AMI and above 4,240 17,945 9,435 6,155 37,775 

Total 28,355 56,120 29,125 23,665 137,265 

Renter 

30% AMI or less 4,510 12,020 3,740 11,750 32,020 

30.1-50% AMI 3,385 9,850 3,345 9,455 26,035 

50.1-80% AMI 2,345 7,355 3,390 6,925 20,015 

80.1-95% AMI 520 1,295 745 1,015 3,575 

95.1% AMI and above 955 2,595 2,135 1,265 6,950 

Total 11,715 33,115 13,355 30,410 88,595 

Total 

30% AMI or less 14,060 20,900 7,975 17,605 60,540 

30.1-50% AMI 10,180 19,020 8,315 13,305 50,820 

50.1-80% AMI 8,470 21,475 11,160 12,250 53,355 

80.1-95% AMI 2,165 7,300 3,460 3,495 16,420 


Total 40,070 89,235 42,480 54,075 225,860 

New Mexico 




More recent data on households with housing 

problems are presented in Table IV.12. These 

2009 estimates from HUD suggest that while 

the number of owner households with 

problems with 80.0 percent or less MFI has 

stayed relatively stable, at around 86,645, the 

number of renter households with problems 

with 80.0 percent or less MFI has risen to 

90,590. Overall the number of household 

with housing problems rose to 178,325, 

according to this data source. Hence, nearly 

180,000 households fall under the purview of 

this planning document. 

Table IV.12 

Households by Housing Problems 

By Income and Tenure 



Income Owner Renter Total 

With Housing Problems 

30% AMI or less 29,460 39,650 69,110 

30.1-50% AMI 26,330 28,170 54,500 

50.1-80% AMI 31,945 22,770 54,715 

80.1-95% AMI 11,790 3,450 15,240 

95.1% AMI and above 32,260 5,440 37,700 

Total 131,785 99,480 231,265 

E. LEAD-BASED PAINT HAZARDS AND ACTIONS TO OVERCOME HAZARDS 

LEAD-BASED PAINT HAZARDS 

Older homes, particularly those built prior to 1940, have a higher potential for structural 

problems related to inadequate foundations and floor supports, poor plumbing, outdated 

electrical wiring, and substandard roofing, as well as a greater likelihood of lead-based 

paint hazards than homes built after 1940. Indeed, environmental issues play an important 

role in the quality of housing. Exposure to lead-based paint, which is more likely to occur 

in older homes, is one of the most significant environmental threats posed to homeowners 

and renters. 

Medical understanding of the harmful effects of lead poisoning on children and adults in 

both the short- and long-term is increasing. Evidence shows that lead dust is a more serious 

hazard than ingestion of paint chips. Dust from surfaces with intact lead-based paint is 

pervasive and poisonous when inhaled or ingested. Making the situation more difficult is 

the fact that lead dust is so fine that it cannot be collected by conventional vacuum 

cleaners. 

Lead-based paint was banned from residential use in 1978 because of the health risk it 

posed, particularly to children. Homes built prior to 1980 have some chance of containing 

lead-based paint on interior or exterior surfaces. The chances increase with the age of the 

housing units. HUD has established estimates for determining the likelihood of housing 

units containing lead-based paint. These estimates are as follows: 

• 90 percent of units built before 1940; 

• 80 percent of units built from 1940 through 1959; and 

• 62 percent of units built from 1960 through 1979. 

New Mexico 




Other factors used to determine the risk for lead-based paint problems include the 

condition of the housing unit, tenure and household income. Households with young 

children are also at greater risk because young children have more hand-to-mouth activity 

and absorb lead more readily than adults. The two factors most correlated with higher risks 

of lead-based paint hazards are residing in rental or lower-income households. Low-income 

residents are less likely to be able to afford proper maintenance of their homes, leading to 

issues such as chipped and peeling paint, and renters are not as likely or are not allowed to 

renovate their rental units. 

National Efforts to Reduce Lead-Based Paint Hazards 

In 1991 Congress formed HUD's Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control to 

eradicate lead-based paint hazards in privately-owned and low-income housing in the U.S. 

One way it has done this is by providing grants for communities to address their own lead 

paint hazards. Other responsibilities of this office are enforcement of HUD’s lead-based 

paint regulations, public outreach and technical assistance, and technical studies to help 

protect children and their families from health and safety hazards in the home. 7 

Then in 1992, to address the problem more directly, Congress passed the Residential Lead- 

Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act, also known as Title X, which developed a 

comprehensive federal strategy for reducing lead exposure from paint, dust and soil, and 

provided authority for several rules and regulations, including the following: 

1. Lead Safe Housing Rule – mandates that federally-assisted or owned housing facilities notify 

residents about, evaluate, and reduce lead-based paint hazards. 

2. Lead Disclosure Rule – requires homeowners to disclose all known lead-based paint 

hazards when selling or leasing a residential property built before 1978. Violations of the 

Lead Disclosure Rule may result in civil money penalties of up to $11,000 per violation. 8 

3. Pre-Renovation Education Rule – ensures that owners and occupants of most pre-1978 

housing are given information about potential hazards of lead-based paint exposure before 

certain renovations happen on that unit. 

4. Lead Renovation, Repair and Painting Program Rule – establishes standards for anyone 

engaging in target housing renovation that creates lead-based paint hazards. 9 

Early in the last decade, a ten-year goal was set in February 2000 by President Clinton’s 

Task Force on Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children to eliminate 

childhood lead poisoning in the U.S. as a major public health issue by 2010. As a means 

to achieve this goal, they released the following four broad recommendations in their 

7 

"About the Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control.” 03 May 2008. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. 

31 Dec. 2008 . 

8 

"Lead Programs Enforcement Division - HUD." Homes and Communities - U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 

(HUD). 31 Dec. 2008 . 

9 

"Lead: Rules and Regulations | Lead in Paint, Dust, and Soil | US EPA." U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 31 Dec. 2008 

. 

New Mexico 




“Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards,” 

report: 

1. Prevent lead exposure in children by, among other actions, increasing the availability of 

lead-safe dwellings through increased funding of HUD’s lead hazard control program, 

controlling lead paint hazards, educating the public about lead-safe painting, renovation 

and maintenance work, and enforcing compliance with lead paint laws. 

2. Increase early intervention to identify and care for lead-poisoned children through 

screening and follow-up services for at-risk children, especially Medicaid-eligible children, 

and increasing coordination between federal, state and local agencies who are responsible 

for lead hazard control, among other measures. 

3. Conduct research to, for example, develop new lead hazard control technologies, improve 

prevention strategies, promote innovative ways to decrease lead hazard control costs, and 

quantify the ways in which children are exposed to lead. 

4. Measure progress and refine lead poisoning prevention strategies by, for instance, 

implementing monitoring and surveillance programs. 

Lead-Based Paint Hazards for Children 

Children’s exposure to lead has decreased dramatically over the past few decades due to 

federal mandates that lead be phased out of items such as gasoline, food and beverage 

cans, water pipes, and industrial emissions. However, despite a ban in 1978 on the use of 

lead in new paint, children living in older homes are still at risk from deteriorating leadbased 

paint and its resulting lead contaminated household dust and soil. Today lead-based 

paint in older housing remains the most common source of lead exposure for children. 

Thirty-eight million housing units in the United States had lead-based paint during a 1998 

to 2000 survey, down from the 1990 estimate of 64 million. Still, 24 million housing units 

in the survey contained significant lead-based paint hazards. Of those with hazards, 1.2 

million were homes to low-income families with children under 6 years of age. 10 

National Efforts to Reduce Lead Exposure in Children 

There have been a number of substantive steps taken by the U.S. to reduce and eliminate 

blood lead poisoning in children. The Lead Contamination Control Act (LCCA) of 1988 

authorized the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to make grants to state 

and local agencies for childhood lead poisoning prevention programs that develop 

prevention programs and policies, educate the public, and support research to determine 

the effectiveness of prevention efforts at federal, state, and local levels. The CDC has 

carried out these activities through its Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program. 11 

10 

Jacobs, David E., Robert P. Clickner, Joey Y. Zhou, Susan M. Viet, David A. Marker, John W. Rogers, Darryl C. Zeldin, Pamela Broene, 

and Warren Friedman. "The Prevalence of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in U.S. Housing." Environmental Health Perspectives 110 (2002): 

A599-606. Pub Med. 2 Jan. 2009 . 

11 

"Implementation of the Lead Contamination Control Act of 1988." Editorial. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 01 May 1992: 

288-90. 05 Aug. 1998. Centers for Disease Control. 31 Dec. 2008 . 

New Mexico 




One of the most significant actions the CDC has taken to lower blood lead levels (BLLs) in 

children over the past few decades is their gradual changing of the definition of an EBLL. 

For example, during the 1960s the criteria for an EBLL was >= 60 micrograms per 

deciliter (µg/dL). It then dropped to >=40 µg/dL in 1971, to >=30 µg/dL in 1978, 

>=25 µg/dL in 1985, and most recently, >= 10 µg/dL in 1991. 12 

Roughly 14 out of every 1,000 children in the United States between the ages of 1 and 5 

have blood lead levels greater than 10 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood. This is 

the level at which public health actions should be initiated according to the Centers for 

Disease Control and Prevention. 

Results of National Efforts 

All of these coordinated and cooperative efforts at the national, state and local levels have 

created the infrastructure needed to identify high-risk housing and to prevent and control 

lead hazards. Consequently, EBLLs in U.S. children have decreased dramatically. For 

example, in 1978 nearly 14.8 million children in the U.S. had lead poisoning; however, by 

the early 90s that number had dropped substantially to 890,000. 13 Diagram IV.8, below, 

illustrates this significant reduction in BLLs among young children over the past several 

decades. 14 

100.0% 

90.0% 

80.0% 

70.0% 

60.0% 

50.0% 

40.0% 

30.0% 

20.0% 

10.0% 

0.0% 

Diagram IV.8 

Percentage of Children Aged 1 - 5 with BLLs >= 10 µg/dL 

United States 

CDC Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program 

88.2% 

8.6% 4.4% 2.2% 

1976 - 1980 1988 - 1991 1991 - 1994 1999 - 2000 

12 

Lanphear, MD MPH, Bruce P et al. "Cognitive Deficits Associated with Blood Lead Concentrations" Public Health Reports 115 (2000): 

521-29. Pub Med. 5 Jan. 2009 . 

13 

Eliminating Childhood Lead Poisoning: A Federal Strategy Targeting Lead Paint Hazards. Feb. 2000. President's Task Force on 

Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children. 31 Dec. 2008 . 

14 

"Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program | Statement on EBLLs | CDC." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 31 Dec. 

2008 . 

New Mexico 




Amidst all of this success, a debate exists in the field of epidemiology about the definition 

of EBLLs in children. A growing body of research suggests that considerable damage 

occurs even at BLLs below 10 µg/dL. For example, inverse correlations have been found 

between BLLs


significant number of housing units in the state were at risk of lead-based paint 

contamination, a total of 271,324. Most of these homes were owner-occupied rather than 

renter-occupied. 

Table IV.13 

Lead-Based Paint Risks to Occupied Housing Units 


2000 Census SF3 

Year Built Owner Renter Total 

Built 1939 or earlier 23,431 11,669 35,099 

Built 1940 to 1949 20,662 9,593 30,254 

Built 1950 to 1959 44,819 19,145 63,964 

Built 1960 to 1969 33,956 18,828 52,783 

Built 1970 to 1979 58,974 30,249 89,224 

Total 181,841 89,483 271,324 

Table IV.14 presents 2009 data regarding the 

number of households at risk of lead-based 

paint hazards, broken down by tenure and 

also by presence of children. Owneroccupied 

households showed 21,494 units 

with young children at risk of lead-based 

paint exposure and renter-occupied 

households showed 17,627 units with young 

children at risk of lead-based paint exposure. 

In total, roughly 39,120 households showed 

the capacity to pose lead-based paint health 

risks for children. 

In the State of New Mexico, only three out of 

1,000 children tested for exposure to lead 

showed elevated blood lead levels between 

2006 and 2008. These figures show that 

blood lead levels in children in New Mexico 

are somewhat lower than the national 

average. 18 

Table IV.14 

Households At Risk to Lead-Based Paint 

Hazards by Year Structure Built by Presence 

of Young Children and Tenure 



Year Built 

Have Young Children 

Yes No Total 

Owner 

1939- 2,084 21,524 23,607 

1940 to 1959 7,128 57,172 64,300 

1960 to 1979 12,282 76,359 88,641 

Total 21,494 155,055 176,548 

Renter 

1939- 1,985 8,762 10,746 

1940 to 1959 5,288 24,084 29,372 

1960 to 1979 10,354 35,827 46,181 

Total 17,627 68,672 86,299 

Total 

1939- 4,068 30,285 34,353 

1940 to 1959 12,416 81,256 93,672 

1960 to 1979 22,636 112,186 134,822 

Total 39,120 223,727 262,847 

18 

http://www.health.state.nm.us/eheb/lead.shtml 

New Mexico 




NEW MEXICO LEAD REMOVAL EFFORTS 

The New Mexico Lead Poisoning Prevention Program collects blood lead level data and 

provides case management to children and adults with elevated blood lead levels. The 

Program offers lead assessment risk, education, home visits and consultation with health 

care providers in an effort to prevent lead poisoning and decrease blood lead levels. 

Other agencies in the state are also involved in lead-based paint reduction activities. The 

MFA continues to work in partnership with the regional Environmental Protection Agency 

office, Local Government Division, public housing authorities and other local partners to 

increase the number of trained, licensed and certified personnel able to determine the risks 

of lead hazards. 

The MFA intends to set aside a percentage of the State’s formula HOME allocation for 

eligible lead-based paint assessment and remediation activities. This effort to make 

available additional funds for lead hazard remediation and abatement has encouraged 

additional businesses and organizations to receive appropriate training in order to provide 

these remediation services. Additionally, the MFA will continue to train its partners 

throughout the state in the Lead-Safe Housing Rule and encourage sub-grantees and 

professionals statewide to receive formal training and any applicable lead-based paint 

certificates in an effort to improve the efficiency of the rehabilitation services delivery 

system. 

F. PUBLIC AND ASSISTED HOUSING 

Public and assisted housing units also comprise a portion of the housing stock located 

throughout New Mexico. The State of New Mexico does not operate public housing and 

therefore, has not developed a plan related to public housing or public housing initiatives. 

However, the State of New Mexico is concerned about the number of public housing units 

and their underlying contracts that are at risk of expiring. If this were to happen, 3,624 

public housing units in the state would be eliminated from the affordable housing stock, as 

indicated in Table IV.15, below. 

Table IV.15 

Number of Section 8 Contracts Expiring by Year 


Year Contract Expires 

HUD Sec. 8 Contract Database 

Number of 

Contracts 

Units at risk 

Aug 1 - Dec 31 2010 6 160 

2011 12 530 

2012 11 354 

2013 11 499 

2014 12 753 

2015 + 20 1,328 

Total 72 3,624 

New Mexico 




The public housing units that are at risk in New Mexico are distributed throughout the 

state, but are concentrated slightly in urban areas, as shown in Map IV.3, below. Many 

units in these urban areas were set to expire in 2010, as shown in red. 

Map IV.3 

Expiring Section 8 Contracts 


HUD Data 

G. HOUSING NEEDS FORECAST 

Previously in this document, a projection of population and households was presented, as 

received from the New Mexico BBER. These prediction data were used to create a housing 

needs forecast of both renters and homeowners. The concluding year in this prediction is 

the year in which the Five-Year Consolidated Plan will end: 2015. 

Table IV.16 presents a projection of households by income, tenure and family status for 

2015. In 2015, it is expected that the State of New Mexico will have 608,966 owner 

households and 271,376 renter households. By 2015, there will be 199,596 owner and 

162,427 renter households with incomes at or below 80.0 percent of MFI. 

New Mexico 




Income 

Table IV.16 

2015 Households by Income by Tenure by Family Status 



Elderly 

Small 

Family 

Large 

Family 

Other 

Non- 

Family 

Total 

Owner 

30% AMI or less 18,123 15,287 5,981 10,839 50,231 

30.1-50% AMI 21,332 18,265 7,753 7,926 55,275 

50.1-80% AMI 29,675 36,613 14,979 12,822 94,089 

80.1-95% AMI 11,231 19,394 6,501 6,617 43,743 


Total 157,072 290,322 76,037 85,535 608,966 

Renter 

30% AMI or less 10,086 20,906 5,553 21,239 57,784 

30.1-50% AMI 8,226 18,473 5,386 15,893 47,978 

50.1-80% AMI 6,773 22,979 6,733 20,179 56,664 

80.1-95% AMI 2,087 9,420 2,013 8,266 21,786 


Total 35,879 111,516 26,646 97,336 271,376 

Total 

30% AMI or less 28,210 36,193 11,534 32,079 108,015 

30.1-50% AMI 29,559 36,737 13,139 23,819 103,253 

50.1-80% AMI 36,448 59,592 21,712 33,002 150,754 

80.1-95% AMI 13,317 28,814 8,514 14,883 65,529 


Total 192,951 401,838 102,682 182,871 880,342 

However, not all of these 880,342 households are expected to have unmet housing needs. 

As shown in Table IV.17, on the following page, there are expected to be roughly 176,184 

owner and 118,122 renter households with housing problems. Of these households, 

111,212 owner and 104,090 households will have housing problems and will have 

incomes at 80.0 percent or below MFI. 

New Mexico 




Income 

Table IV.17 

2015 Households with Housing Problems 

by Income by Tenure by Family Status 


2000 HUD CHAS Data and BBER Projections 

Elderly 

Small 

Family 

Large 

Family 

Other 

Non- 

Family 

Total 

Owner 

30% AMI or less 12,258 11,398 5,436 7,515 36,606 

30.1-50% AMI 8,722 11,770 6,379 4,942 31,812 

50.1-80% AMI 7,862 18,123 9,973 6,835 42,793 

80.1-95% AMI 2,111 7,708 3,485 3,183 16,487 


Total 36,395 72,032 37,383 30,375 176,184 

Renter 

30% AMI or less 6,013 16,026 4,986 15,666 42,692 

30.1-50% AMI 4,513 13,133 4,460 12,606 34,712 

50.1-80% AMI 3,127 9,806 4,520 9,233 26,686 

80.1-95% AMI 693 1,727 993 1,353 4,766 


Total 15,619 44,152 17,806 40,545 118,122 

Total 

30% AMI or less 18,271 27,424 10,422 23,181 79,298 

30.1-50% AMI 13,235 24,903 10,839 17,548 66,524 

50.1-80% AMI 10,988 27,930 14,493 16,068 69,479 

80.1-95% AMI 2,805 9,434 4,478 4,536 21,253 


Total 52,014 116,183 55,189 70,920 294,306 

H. DISPROPORTIONATE NEEDS 

A disproportionate need exists when the percentage of persons experiencing a housing 

problem in a group is at least 10.0 percentage points higher than the jurisdiction’s 

percentage of persons experiencing a housing problem as a whole. This can be broken 

down further by income, as seen in Table IV.18, on the following page. 

Overall, the black population was the only racial or ethnic group to have a 

disproportionate housing need; over 44.0 percent of blacks had a housing problem 

compared with 31.7 percent of the total population that had a housing problem. At 

different income levels, all racial and ethnic groups showed a disproportionate housing 

need in at least one income category. 

New Mexico 




Table IV.18 

Households by Housing Problems by Income and Race 



Income White Black 

American 

Asian 

Indian 

With Housing Problems 

Pacific 

Islander 

Other Hispanic Total 

30% AMI or less 77.1% 79.3% 71.0% 47.7% 16.7% 76.2% 76.2% 75.7% 

30.1-50% AMI 64.9% 76.3% 59.3% 53.8% 100.0% 71.5% 61.4% 63.0% 

50.1-80% AMI 44.3% 52.5% 38.3% 40.5% 100.0% 41.5% 43.8% 43.7% 

80.1-95% AMI 30.3% 33.9% 22.1% 19.8% 11.8% 28.3% 24.6% 27.2% 

95.1% AMI and above 9.7% 16.9% 13.3% 15.0% 27.5% 11.9% 10.2% 10.2% 

Total 26.9% 44.5% 38.9% 26.2% 35.1% 36.5% 36.3% 31.7% 

Without Housing Problems 

30% AMI or less 10.1% 7.0% 18.1% 12.8% 0.0% 11.7% 13.4% 12.5% 

30.1-50% AMI 31.2% 19.0% 38.3% 40.5% 0.0% 28.1% 34.6% 33.3% 

50.1-80% AMI 52.2% 40.0% 59.6% 51.8% 0.0% 56.7% 52.9% 52.9% 

80.1-95% AMI 66.5% 62.3% 75.6% 80.2% 17.6% 68.1% 73.1% 69.9% 


Total 70.0% 49.5% 56.9% 66.9% 25.5% 60.9% 59.9% 64.8% 

Not Applicable 

30% AMI or less 12.8% 13.7% 10.9% 39.5% 83.3% 12.1% 10.4% 11.7% 

30.1-50% AMI 3.8% 4.7% 2.4% 5.6% 0.0% 0.3% 4.0% 3.8% 

50.1-80% AMI 3.5% 7.5% 2.1% 7.7% 0.0% 1.8% 3.3% 3.4% 

80.1-95% AMI 3.2% 3.8% 2.3% 0.0% 70.6% 3.5% 2.2% 2.8% 


Total 3.1% 6.0% 4.2% 6.9% 39.4% 2.6% 3.7% 3.5% 

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 

I. INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS TO AFFORDABLE HOUSING 

A number of barriers to affordable housing exist in the State of New Mexico. In the north 

central and middle Rio Grande regions, high land costs are a barrier to affordability. In 

addition, anti-growth initiatives, impact fees and codes further increase costs. In the very 

rural areas of the State, the lack of a housing market creates large barriers to buying, selling 

and even financing rehabilitation of existing units in these areas. In the remainder of the 

State, barriers include household credit issues, lack of knowledge, lack of a construction 

industry and lack of contractors to perform rehabilitation. 

The greatest barriers to homeownership are credit issues of potential borrower households. 

A large number of these are working poor with sufficient income to purchase housing but 

who lack medical insurance and as a result have unpaid medical bills. In addition, there is 

a general lack of knowledge about the home buying process, financial management and 

the real estate market. Lack of knowledge is a significant barrier for a number of New 

Mexico households who are recent immigrants, have limited English proficiency or who 

have not completed high school. These populations, including residents of the colonias, 

New Mexico 




are particularly vulnerable to predatory lending and other predatory practices such as 

illegal land sales and subdivisions. Households that lack knowledge are also more likely to 

purchase manufactured housing or land with higher financing costs. Unique barriers exist 

on Native American trust lands which include an inability to prove income due to artisan 

cash trade and continuing challenges of financing on trust lands. For people with 

disabilities, the lack of available affordable and accessible or adaptable housing units is a 

barrier. 

The rural nature of the State results in a situation where outside the metro areas there is 

little or no construction industry. The lack of a construction industry in small town New 

Mexico is a barrier to affordable housing in that it results in higher material and labor costs 

and restricts housing supply. This problem is exacerbated by a lack of contractors willing to 

rehabilitate existing housing. The lack of available contractors threatens the State's ability 

to preserve existing affordable housing units. Further, there are very few contractors who 

are certified to do lead-based paint abatement. 

In addition to the lack of available contractors, there are a number of additional challenges 

to doing owner-occupied rehabilitation in the state including differences in code 

interpretation among jurisdictions, rising insurance costs, liability and a large number of 

substandard manufactured housing units which can not be rehabilitated, leveraging of 

resources which creates complexity in terms of additional contracts and environmental 

reviews and HOME regulations which prevent accessibility modifications without bringing 

the entire unit up to code. 

J. SUMMARY 

In 2000, the State of New Mexico had 780,579 total housing units. Since that time, the 

total housing stock increased each year through 2009 by a total of roughly 91,000 units. 

Of the total housing stock counted in the 2000 census, 511,283 units were single-family 

units. Another 145,087 were mobile homes. Of the 780,579 housing units counted in 

New Mexico in the 2000 census, 677,971 units were occupied, with 474,435 counted as 

owner-occupied and 203,536 counted as renter-occupied. This equated to a 

homeownership rate of 70.0 percent. The construction value of single-family dwellings 

generally increased from 1980 through 2008, with the 2008 value ending at $190,225 and 

values generally higher in urban areas near major cities like Albuquerque and Santa Fe. 

There were 137,265 owners and 88,595 renters that had an unmet housing need, such as a 

cost burden or overcrowding problem, in New Mexico at the time of the 2000 census. By 

2015, there are expected to be roughly 176,184 owner and 118,122 renter households 

with housing problems in the state. 

New Mexico 



V. HOUSING AND HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT 


This section addresses housing and homeless needs in New Mexico. Specific needs and 

the priority level of these needs were determined based on data from the 2010 Housing 

and Community Development Survey, focus groups, public input meetings, a forecast of 

households anticipated to have problems in 2015, and from consultation with 

representatives of various state and local agencies throughout New Mexico. 

B. HOUSING NEEDS ASSESSMENT 

The 2010 Housing and Community Development 

Needs Survey was conducted as part of the process 

of evaluating housing needs in New Mexico. A total 

of 348 responses were received from stakeholders 

throughout the state. One of the first survey 

questions asked respondents to identify how they 

would allocate housing and community development 

resources in the state. Table V.1 shows that housing 

was clearly indicated to be the primary focus for 

funding for the state with respondents indicating that 

this category should receive more than one-third of 

the available funding. 

Table V.1 

How would allocate your resources 

among these areas 


2010 Housing and Community 

Area 

Development Survey 

Percent Allocated 

Housing 35.3% 

Economic Development 19.9% 

Infrastructure 16.4% 

Public Facilities 10.0% 

Human Services 15.1% 

All Other 3.2% 

Total 100.0% 

Survey respondents were also asked to rate the need for a variety of rental and homeowner 

housing activities. Using the same rating scale as that needed for the Consolidated Plan, 

respondents were asked to rank the needs as low, medium, high or no need. 

Expressed Housing Needs 

Table V.2 shows the ranking for several affordable homeowner housing activities. 

Affordable for-sale housing was seen as the activity with the highest need level, followed 

by first-time homebuyer assistance, homeowner housing rehabilitation, energy efficient 

retrofits and housing demolition. 

Categories 

Table V.2 

Need for Affordable Homeownership Activities 


2010 Housing and Community Development Survey 

Responses 

No 

Need 

Low 

Need 

Medium 

Need 

High 

Need 

Missing 

Affordable for-sale housing 5 39 100 166 38 348 

First-time homebuyer assistance 4 41 123 142 38 348 

Homeowner housing rehabilitation 4 46 129 130 39 348 

Energy efficient retrofits 7 47 125 130 39 348 

Housing demolition 43 138 81 38 48 348 

Total 

New Mexico 



V. Housing and Homeless Needs Assessment 

There were also a series of questions pertaining to rental housing activities. As shown in 

Table V.2, respondents felt most strongly about the need for affordable rental housing, 

followed by rent assistance, new rental construction, rental housing rehabilitation and 

downtown housing. 

Categories 

Table V.3 

Need for Affordable Rental Activities 



Responses 

No 

Need 

Low 

Need 

Medium 

Need 

High 

Need 

Missing 

Affordable rental housing 0 20 70 221 37 348 

Rent assistance 3 61 117 128 39 348 

New rental construction 14 76 107 109 42 348 

Rental housing rehabilitation 10 73 132 94 39 348 

Downtown housing 36 133 88 42 49 348 

However, these need levels varied by location. The following three maps present the need 

levels for different rental housing activities by geographic area as identified by the 2010 

Housing and Community Development Survey for New Mexico, with “1” representing “no 

need” and “5” representing “high need.” Map V.1 shows the average need level for 

affordable rental housing by census tract. 

Map V.1 

Need for Affordable Rental Housing 


HUD Data 

Total 

New Mexico 




Maps V.2 and V.3 present the need for affordable rental housing and rental rehabilitation 

by census tract as determined by results of the 2010 HCD Survey. 

Map V.2 

Need for New Rental Housing 


HUD Data 

Map V.3 

Need for Rental Rehabilitation 


HUD Data 

New Mexico 




Expressed Barriers to Affordable Housing 

The 2010 Housing and Community Development 

survey provided respondents with a list of a number 

of possible barriers to affordable housing and asked 

participants to select any barriers that they felt 

existed in New Mexico. The results are presented in 

Table V.3, at right. The cost of land or lot was 

voiced most often by respondents as a barrier to 

affordable housing, followed by cost of materials. 

This was followed by a lack of available and 

affordable land and also the cost of labor. While the 

MFA can do very little about the market driven costs 

of materials or labor, the costs of lands or lots could 

be combated with land trusts or tax incentives. 

The condition of rental housing was cited by a 

number of respondents as a barrier to affordable 

housing. This concern was also raised in the focus 

groups, as discussed in the following section. As 

the housing stock in New Mexico ages, the need 

for rental demolition and reconstruction or 

rehabilitation increases. The MFA might address 

this barrier through incentives for multi-family unit 

owners to rehab rental properties. 

Table V.4 

Barriers to Affordable Housing 



Barriers 

Total 

Cost of land or lot 196 

Cost of materials 183 

Lack of available/affordable land 181 

Cost of labor 134 

Condition of rental housing 113 

NIMBYism 104 

Permitting process 102 

Lack of other infrastructure 101 

Impact fees 100 

Lack of nearby services 97 

Construction fees 94 

Lack of water/sewer systems 84 

Permitting fees 73 

Lack of housing quality standards 73 

Lack of qualified builders 67 

Lack of qualified contractors 65 

Other zoning 57 

Density 50 

Other building codes 39 

Lot size 35 

Energy codes 33 

Total 1,981 

NIMBYism was also cited as a barrier to affordable housing. This phrase refers to a “Not in 

My Backyard” mentality that resists construction of projects like public or supportive 

housing in neighborhoods and communities. An increased support from the MFA for 

scattered site projects for public or supportive housing may ease NIMBYism concerns. 

Respondents were also provided with an opportunity to offer their own commentary about 

barriers to affordable housing and several themes emerged from these narrative responses: 

• Unfair lending practices make procuring a fair loan and decent housing very difficult; 

high mortgage rates lead to more foreclosures and bad neighborhoods that drive 

down housing values. 

• There is a lack of an agency designed to monitor and enforce code requirements in 

housing, especially ADA codes in rental housing. 

• Non-profits cannot afford to build low-income housing solutions because of the 

high costs of permit and impact fees. 

• Wages are too low in the state to give families access to housing that is desirable. 

• There is a lack of local contractors and builders; outside contractors/builders are 

more expensive and take money away from New Mexico. 

New Mexico 




HOUSING NEEDS NOTED AT THE FOCUS GROUPS 

Four focus groups were held April 20 through 22, 2010 in Albuquerque. The purpose of 

the focus group meetings was to gain deeper insight from housing and community 

development stakeholders in New Mexico regarding four topic areas: new construction, 

rehabilitation, infrastructure and homelessness. Comments gathered from the focus groups 

are summarized as follows: 

• Additional new construction of affordable and decent multi-family rental housing is 

desperately needed in urban areas of New Mexico. 

• Rural areas of the state need to focus on acquisition and rehabilitation of multifamily 

rental housing to improve the availability and quality of the rental housing 

stock. 

• There is a need to modify guidelines to improve the feasibility of housing projects 

and the usability of funds. 

• Water and sewer facilities in the state could be improved through development of a 

planning guide and through a focus on urging communities to coordinate integrated 

water systems. 

• Homeless programs should focus on the changes to the Emergency Shelter Grants 

(now Emergency Solutions Grants) program and how a more comprehensive 

approach to homelessness can provide for more permanent housing opportunities. 

HOUSING NEEDS NOTED AT THE PUBLIC INPUT MEETING 

A public input meeting was held May 19, 2010, in Albuquerque and was broadcast to nine 

locations throughout the state via webinar format. The purpose of the meeting was to gain 

feedback on the preliminary findings of the Consolidated Plan. Attendees were invited to 

review a presentation of early survey results and offer suggestions and feedback regarding 

the Consolidated Plan. Comments related to the following: 

• The needs of American Indian communities are not being completely addressed in 

terms of housing rehabilitation and exposure to unfair mortgage lending practices. 

• Persons who are released from jail are not given access to the housing they need so 

they run a large risk of becoming homeless. 

• Housing funds are formula driven, so as the housing stock decreases, so does 

funding. Decreased funding makes it more difficult to develop and upkeep 

operations; more resources need to be leveraged to keep up with housing needs. 

C. PRIORITY HOUSING NEEDS RANKINGS 

HUD requires jurisdictions to complete Consolidated Plan Table 2A, which estimates the 

unmet needs by income group and household type, prioritizes needs, and sets goals for 

meeting these needs. In establishing its five-year priorities and assigning priority need 

levels, the State considered both of the following: 

New Mexico 




• Categories of lower- and moderate-income households most in need of housing, 

• Activities and sources of funds that can best meet the needs of those identified 

households. 

Priority need rankings were assigned to households to be assisted according to the 

following HUD categories: 

High Priority: Activities to address this need will be funded by the MFA during the 

five-year period. Identified by use of an ‘H.’ 

Medium Priority: If funds are available, activities to address this need may be funded by 

the MFA during the five-year period. Also, the MFA may take other 

actions to help other entities locate other sources of funds. Identified by 

use of an ‘M.’ 

Low Priority: The MFA will not directly fund activities to address this need during the 

five-year period, but other entities’ applications for federal assistance 

might be supported and found to be consistent with this Plan. In order 

to commit CDBG, HOME or ESG Program monies to a Low Priority 

activity, the MFA would have to amend this Consolidated Plan through 

the formal process required by the Consolidated Plan regulations at 24 

CFR Part 91. Identified by use of an ‘L.’ 

No Such Need: The MFA finds there is no need or that this need is already substantially 

addressed. The MFA will not support applications for federal assistance 

for activities where no need has been identified. Shown by use of an ‘N.’ 

PRIORITY NEEDS ANALYSIS AND STRATEGIES 

The MFA determines high priority areas or those that receive scoring preference on 

applications for funds. These high priority areas were identified though the housing 

condition and market indicators analyzed throughout this report as well as through the 

specific criteria used each year and presented in the Annual Action Plan. The prioritization 

is based on several characteristics: poverty level, homeownership, cost burden, 

construction trends, and population change. 

The MFA will consider the relative priority need for an area when making funding 

decisions. Each county has been assigned a relative priority need of High, Medium or Low 

based on a number of indicators for each type of housing activity. A high priority indicates 

an area where, ideally, the greatest amount of resources should be invested and projects or 

programs proposing to meet that need have the greatest opportunity for funding. A 

medium priority indicates areas where a moderate amount of resources should be invested 

and projects or programs proposing to meet these needs are likely to be funded. A low 

priority indicates an area where the least amount of resources should be invested. A 

project proposing to serve a low priority need will not necessarily not be excluded from 

funding; however, such projects will received a lower priority. The relative priority needs 

were assigned by housing activity based on a number of indicators. 

New Mexico 




Priority need rankings have been assigned to each of the required categories for HUD 

Housing Priority Needs Table 2A, on the following page. The size of each group having 

unmet needs, coupled with input received at the public input meetings as well as the 

degree of need expressed during the 2010 Housing and Community Development Survey, 

guided the ranking process for the MFA. No groups received less than a medium need. 

PRIORITY HOUSING NEEDS 

(Households) 

Table 2A 


Priority Housing Needs Table for 2011-2015 Consolidated Plan 

Priority 

Unmet Need 

0-30% M 16,026 

Small Related 31-50% M 13,133 

51-80% M 9,806 

0-30% M 4,983 

Large Related 31-50% M 4,460 

51-80% M 4,520 

Renter 0-30% M 6,013 

Elderly 31-50% M 4,513 

51-80% M 3,127 

0-30% M 15,666 

All Other 31-50% M 12,606 

51-80% M 9,233 

0-30% H 11,398 

Small Related 31-50% H 11,770 

51-80% H 18,123 

0-30% H 5,436 

Large Related 31-50% H 6,379 

Owner 

Non-Homeless 

Special Needs 

51-80% H 9,973 

0-30% H 12,258 

Elderly 31-50% H 8,722 

51-80% H 7,862 

0-30% H 7,515 

All Other 31-50% H 4,942 

51-80% H 6,835 

Elderly 0-80% M 24,345 

Frail Elderly 0-80% M 19,020 

Severe Mental Illness 0-80% M 4,005 

Physical Disability 0-80% M 6,647 

Developmental Disability 0-80% M 3,296 

Alcohol/Drug Abuse 0-80% M 2,553 

HIV/AIDS 0-80% M 1,460 

Victims of Domestic Violence 0-80% M 9,602 

New Mexico 




D. HOMELESS NEEDS ASSESSMENT 

HOMELESS OVERVIEW 

According to HUD, a national focus on homeless rights during the Reagan administration 

helped to form much of the way homeless needs are addressed today. It was during the 

early 1980s that the administration determined that the needs of the homeless were best 

handled on a state or local level rather than a national level. In 1983, a federal task force 

was created to aid local and regional agencies in their attempts to resolve homeless needs, 

and in 1986, the Urgent Relief for the Homeless Act was introduced, which chiefly 

established basic emergency supplies for homeless persons such as food, healthcare and 

shelter. The act was later renamed the McKinney-Vento Act, after the death of one of its 

chief legislative sponsors, and was signed into law in 1987. 

HUD defines the term “homeless” according to the McKinney-Vento Act, which states that 

a person is considered homeless if he/she lacks a fixed, regular and adequate night-time 

residence. A person is also considered homeless if he/she has a primary night time 

residence that is: 

• A supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary 

living accommodations. 

• An institution that provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to be 

institutionalized. 

• A public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping 

accommodation for human beings. 19 

Therefore, homelessness can be defined as the absence of a safe, decent, stable place to 

live. A person who has no such place to live stays wherever he or she can find space—an 

emergency shelter, an abandoned building, a car, an alley or any other such place not 

meant for human habitation. 

Homeless sub-populations tend to include those with substance abuse and dependency 

issues, those with serious mental illness, persons living with HIV/AIDS, women and other 

victims of domestic violence, emancipated youth, and veterans. 

Reversing declines in personal incomes, reducing the lack of affordable housing for 

precariously-housed families and individuals who may be only a paycheck or two away 

from eviction, increasing and promoting help available from welfare agencies are all 

significant policy challenges today. It takes only one additional personal setback to 

precipitate a crisis that would cause homelessness for those at risk of homelessness. 

Deinstitutionalization of patients from psychiatric hospitals without adequate community 

19 

The term “homeless individual” does not include any individual imprisoned or otherwise detained pursuant to an Act of Congress or a 

state law (42 U.S.C. § 11302(c)). HUD also considers individuals and families living in overcrowded conditions to be “at risk” for 

homelessness. 

New Mexico 




clinic and affordable housing support only propagates more people in search of affordable 

housing. Personal vulnerabilities also have increased, with more people facing substance 

abuse problems, diminished job prospects because of poor education or health difficulties 

while lacking medical coverage. 

Satisfying the needs of the homeless population therefore represents both a significant 

public policy challenge and a complex problem due to the range of physical, emotional 

and mental service needs required to sustain residence in permanent housing. The 

following helps to characterize the nature and extent of homelessness in New Mexico. 

NEW MEXICO CONTINUUMS OF CARE 

In 1994, HUD refocused national homeless efforts through advocation of Continuum of 

Care programs for homeless needs. According to HUD, a Continuum of Care (CoC) exists 

to serve the needs of homeless persons on city or county levels. The main goals of CoCs 

are to offer housing assistance, support programs and shelter services to homeless persons 

and to ultimately break the cycle of homelessness. CoCs collaborate with different 

community organizations and local homeless advocate groups to identify homeless needs 

on a community level and in turn develop the best means of addressing these issues. 20 For 

example, a CoC in one area may identify a high number of homeless persons with 

HIV/AIDS who have no access to support programs. The CoC could then tailor their efforts 

to offer programs that would benefit this group. 

In New Mexico, two CoCs address homeless needs in different regions of the state. These 

regions are depicted geographically in Map V.1, on the following page. The New Mexico 

Coalition to End Homelessness coordinates both CoCs, but separate staff and offices are 

responsible for the Albuquerque and Balance of State CoCs. The Albuquerque CoC is 

coordinated by staff in Albuquerque, and a separate office located in Santa Fe coordinates 

the Balance of State CoC. 

The New Mexico Coalition to End Homelessness was founded in 2000 to coordinate 

statewide efforts to end homelessness. Founded as a partnership between a group of 

nonprofit agencies and the New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority, it has three major 

areas of operation: to support homeless service agencies in New Mexico, to educate 

people in New Mexico about homelessness, and to advocate for solutions to homelessness 

at the State Legislature and other government bodies. 21 According to their website, the 

mission of the New Mexico Coalition to End Homelessness is “to assist communities to 

create solutions to homelessness from prevention through permanent housing by using 

action, advocacy, and awareness.” In addition to administering both CoCs in New Mexico, 

the coalition also offers training and technical assistance to nonprofit agencies and other 

groups in New Mexico, partners with other organizations to create supportive housing, and 

is engaged in a campaign to end child homelessness. 

20 

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/homeless/library/coc/cocguide/intro.pdf 

21 

http://www.nmceh.org/pages/about1.html 

New Mexico 




Map V.1 

Regions Served by Continuums of Care 


HUD Homeless Resource Exchange 22 

As Table IV.6 shows, the majority of the state’s population 

falls under the Balance of State CoC. However, Albuquerque 

represents a significant portion of New Mexico’s population, 

with nearly a quarter of the state’s residents concentrated in 

the urban area. 

POPULATION 

Table IV.6 

Population Served in 

Continuum of Care Regions 


2000 SF1 Census 

Continuum of Care 

Population 

Served 23 

Balance of State 1,370,439 

Albuquerque 448,607 

Total 1,819,046 

Compiling accurate homeless counts is a complex challenge faced by communities across 

the nation. The most common method used to count homeless persons is a point-in-time 

count. The two CoCs rely on point-in-time surveys to count the number of homeless 

individuals and families in the state. Point-in-time counts involve counting all the people 

who are literally homeless on a given day or series of days and are designed to be 

statistically reliable and produce unduplicated numbers. 

However, the National Coalition for the Homeless has pointed out that because point-intime 

studies give just a "snapshot" picture of homelessness, they may miss people who are 

homeless at other times during the year. Other people may be missed because they are not 

in places researchers can easily find. These unsheltered or “hidden” homeless may be 

22 Map available at http://www.hudhre.info/assets/images/coc_map/2008_nm.png 

23 

Population counts drawn from Census 2000. 

New Mexico 




living in automobiles or campgrounds, for instance, or doubling up temporarily with 

relatives, friends, or others. 

Despite these limitations, the point-in-time counts done by each CoC provide a helpful 

estimation of the homeless population in New Mexico. Combining the counts provided by 

the two CoCs, it was estimated that 3,475 persons were homeless in the state in 2009, as 

shown in Table V.7. 30 The counts also identified 304 homeless families with children. 

Table V.7 

Homeless Population 


Continuums of Care 24 

Sheltered 

Homeless Population Emergency Transitional Unsheltered Total 25 

Individuals 637 465 1,241 2,343 

Persons in Families with Children 348 658 126 1,132 

Total 985 1,123 1,367 3,475 

Families with Children 68 184 52 304 

The point in time counts also gathered additional data on the age, gender and veteran 

status of each homeless person counted. These supplementary data were only available for 

the Albuquerque point in time count. As seen in Table V.8, the majority of the homeless 

population in Albuquerque was between the ages of 36 and 54. The number of persons 

aged 26 to 35 or over 55 was similar and was less than a third of the number counted aged 

36 to 54. There were only six homeless persons under the age of 18 counted. 

Additionally, this table shows that the homeless situation of each individual varied by age. 

For example, most persons 19 to 25 were in a doubled up or motel situation, while the 

majority of persons 36 to 54 were living in emergency shelters or transitional housing. 

Age 

Table V.8 

Characteristics of Albuquerque Homeless Population, by Age 

City of Albuquerque 

Albuquerque Continuum of Care 2009 Point in Time Count 

Outside or 

Emergency place not 

Shelter or meant for Doubled 

Transitional human up or in 

Housing habitation motel 

Precariously 

housed 

Under 18 2 3 0 1 6 

19 - 25 18 29 43 6 96 

26 - 35 42 56 69 22 189 

36 - 54 227 207 166 4 604 

Over 55 63 73 39 3 178 

No Response 2 3 2 1 8 

Total 

Total 354 371 319 73 1,117 

24 The numbers provided in the table are exact sums of numbers provided by each of the CoCs in their Gaps Analysis Charts. As such, 

errors or discrepancies in the numbers provided in the individual charts are repeated in the population summary. 

25 

Population counts drawn from Census 2000. 

New Mexico 




Information on the gender of counted homeless persons is presented in Table V.9, below. 

Males made up more than two-thirds of the persons counted, 767 individuals out of 1,117. 

The gender disparity is more pronounced in emergency shelter or transition housing, in 

precarious housing situations, and outside or in places not suitable for human habitation. 

Female persons were most commonly counted living doubled up or in motels, with 138 

out of 319 persons counted as female. 

Table V.9 

Characteristics of Albuquerque Homeless Population, by Gender 



Outside or 

Age 

Emergency 

Shelter or 

Transitional 

Housing 

place not 

meant for 

human 

habitation 

Doubled 

up or in 

motel 

Precariously 

housed Total 

Male 257 277 178 55 767 

Female 93 87 138 18 336 

Transgender 1 4 2 0 7 

No Response 3 3 1 0 7 

Total 354 371 319 73 1,117 

Persons interviewed as part of the point in time count were also asked if they were veterans 

of the armed services. As seen in Table V.10, below, 183 or 16.4 percent of the persons 

counted were veterans of the armed services. The largest number of veterans, 74, was 

counted living outside or in places not suitable for human habitation. A similar number, 

67, were counted staying in emergency shelters or transitional housing. 

Table V.10 

Characteristics of Albuquerque Homeless Population, by Veteran Status 



Outside or 

Age 

Emergency 

Shelter or 

Transitional 

Housing 

place not 

meant for 

human 

habitation 

Doubled 

up or in 

motel 

Precariously 

housed Total 

Veteran 67 74 32 10 183 

Not Veteran 287 297 287 63 934 

Total 354 371 319 73 1,117 

Each CoC is required to submit an annual CoC plan and application for funding. The 

application includes a Housing Gap Analysis Chart, which identifies housing and 

supportive service needs for each region’s homeless and homeless special needs 

populations. Table 1A, on the following page, provides a summary of the information 

provided by the individual CoCs. The information is separated into two sections: homeless 

individuals and people who are homeless in families with children. 

New Mexico 




Table 1A 26 


Homeless and Special Needs Populations 

Continuum of Care: Housing Gap Analysis Chart 

Current 

Inventory 

Individuals 

Under 

Development 

Unmet Need/ 

Gap 

Example Emergency Shelter 100 40 26 

Emergency Shelter 770 4 50 

Beds Transitional Housing 541 0 451 

Permanent Supportive Housing 745 40 1031 

Total 2,056 44 1,532 

Persons in Families With Children 

Emergency Shelter 720 0 100 

Beds Transitional Housing 712 0 309 

Permanent Supportive Housing 403 0 185 

Total 1,835 0 594 

Continuum of Care: Homeless Population and Subpopulations Chart 

Part 1: Homeless Population 

Sheltered 

Emergency Transitional 

Unsheltered Total 

Number of Families with Children (Family 

Households): 

68 184 52 304 

1. Number of Persons in Families with 

Children 

348 658 126 1,132 

2. Number of Single Individuals and Persons 

in Households without children 

637 465 1,241 2,343 

(Add Lines Numbered 1 & 2 Total Persons) 985 1,123 1,367 3,475 

Part 2: Homeless Subpopulations 27 Sheltered Total 

a. Chronically Homeless 341 438 779 

b. Severely Mentally Ill 293 

c. Chronic Substance Abuse 401 

d. Veterans 202 

e. Persons with HIV/AIDS 8 

f. Victims of Domestic Violence 276 

g. Unaccompanied Youth (Under 18) 249 

As shown in HUD Table 1A, the New Mexico has a significant shortage of transition housing 

and especially permanent supportive housing for individuals. More than 450 transitional 

housing units and slightly more than 1,000 permanent housing units are needed for 

individuals, while emergency shelter has less of a projected need, with a gap of only 50 units. 

A total of almost 600 additional beds are needed for people in families with children, with the 

most pressing need being an additional 309 beds for family transitional housing. 

26 

The numbers provided in the table are exact sums of numbers provided by each of the CoCs in their respective Housing Inventory 

Charts and Exhibit 1 of their CoC applications. As such, errors or discrepancies in the numbers provided in the individual charts are 

repeated in Table 1A. 

27 

The CoCs did not differentiate estimated sub-populations of persons in families with children from sub-populations of homeless 

individuals. The total sub-population numbers provided therefore were summed and account only for individuals, not families. 

New Mexico 




The two CoCs provided more specific information concerning six homeless 

subpopulations: 

• Severely mentally ill; 

• Chronic substance abuse; 

• Veterans; 

• Persons with HIV/AIDS; 

• Victims of domestic violence; and, 

• Unaccompanied youth under the age of 18. 

As shown earlier in HUD Table 1A, the number of people in the State who were sheltered 

homeless in each subcategory ranged from 401 for persons with chronic substance abuse 

problems to eight persons with HIV/AIDS. Because these totals resulted from point-in-time 

counts, they are likely much lower than the actual number of people who are homeless in 

each subcategory. 

The characteristics of homeless subpopulations were similar in Albuquerque and the 

Balance of State, but there were a few differences. In Albuquerque there were more 

individuals with chronic substance abuse issues and veterans of the armed services. 

Albuquerque also counted nearly six times as many homeless individuals that were victims 

of domestic violence than were found in the rest of the state. Areas of the state outside of 

Albuquerque counted nearly three times as many individuals with severe mental illness 

and had nearly twenty times the number of unaccompanied youth under 18. 

SERVICES 

There are currently a number of organizations in the State of New Mexico that offer a 

variety of services to both aid those who have become homeless and to prevent persons 

from becoming homeless. A partial list of the organizations providing services to the 

homeless population is provided on the following page in Table V.11. Services to aid the 

homeless include: health clinics, addiction aid, employment readiness skills training, 

domestic/sexual abuse support, and veteran support. 

New Mexico 




FACILITIES 

Table V.11 

Homeless Service Organizations in New Mexico 


U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 

Homeless Service Organization 

City 

Albuquerque CoC 

A New Day 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque HealthCare for the Homeless 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque Rescue Mission 

Albuquerque 

Amistad Runaway Facility 

Albuquerque 

Barrett Foundation 

Albuquerque 

Catholic Charities 

Albuquerque 

Crossroads for Women 

Albuquerque 

Cuidando Los Ninos 

Albuquerque 

First United Methodist Church 

Albuquerque 

Good Shepherd Center 

Albuquerque 

Goodwill Industries of New Mexico 

Albuquerque 

Haven of Love 

Albuquerque 

Immaculate Conception Catholic Church 

Albuquerque 

Interfaith Hospitality Network 

Albuquerque 

Joy Junction 

Albuquerque 

Maria Amadea Shelter 

Albuquerque 

Metropolitan Homelessness Project: Albuquerque Opportunity Center Albuquerque 

New Life Homes 

Albuquerque 

Noon Day 

Albuquerque 

Project Share 

Albuquerque 

Salvation Army 

Albuquerque 

Saranam 

Albuquerque 

St. John's Episcopal Cathedral 

Albuquerque 

St. Martin's Hospitality Center 

Albuquerque 

Supportive Housing Coalition of New Mexico 

Albuquerque 

Susan's Legacy 

Albuquerque 

Transitional Living Services (TLS) 

Albuquerque 

Youth Development Inc. (YDI) 

Albuquerque 

Balance of State CoC 

People Assisting the Homeless (PATH) 

Farmington 

San Juan County Partnership 

Farmington 

Community Area Resource Enterprise (CARE 66) 

Gallup 

Gallup Housing Authority 

Gallup 

Jardin de Los Ninos 

Las Cruces 

Families and Youth, Inc. 

Las Cruces 

Housing Authority of the City of Las Cruces 

Las Cruces 

Mesilla Valley Community of Hope 

Las Cruces 

Tierra Del Sol Housing Corporation 

Las Cruces 

Village of Los Lunas Housing Authority 

Los Lunas 

La Buena Vida 

Rio Rancho 

Assurance Home 

Roswell 


Roswell 

Life Link 

Santa Fe 


Santa Fe 

Santa Fe County Housing Authority 

Santa Fe 

St. Elizabeth Shelter 

Santa Fe 

Youth Shelters and Family Services 

Santa Fe 

Western Regional Housing Authority 

Silver City 

Socorro County Housing Authority 

Socorro 

DreamTree Project 

Taos 

Taos Coalition to End Homelessness 

Taos 

According to information from the CoCs, there are a number of facilities within the state 

that offer shelter and facilities to homeless persons in New Mexico, including single 

New Mexico 




individuals, those under age 18, families and persons seeking transitional housing. 

Organizations offering shelter facilities to homeless persons are listed in Table V.12. 

Table V.12 

Homeless Shelters and Emergency Housing 


U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 

Agency Description City 

Albuquerque CoC 

A New Day Emergency shelter for youth Albuquerque 

Albuquerque HealthCare for the Emergency motel vouchers for families and persons with critical medical Albuquerque 

Homeless 

needs, transitional housing for individuals recovering from substance 

abuse 

Albuquerque Rescue Mission Emergency shelter for men and women Albuquerque 

Amistad Runaway Facility Emergency shelter for youth Albuquerque 

Barrett Foundation 

Emergency shelter for women and children, transitional and permanent Albuquerque 

housing for homeless women 

Catholic Charities 

Transitional housing for single parents, permanent housing for 

Albuquerque 

individuals with a psychiatric disability, including single parents 

Crossroads for Women Permanent housing for women with a psychiatric disability Albuquerque 

Good Shepherd Center 

Emergency shelter for men, transitional housing for men recovering from Albuquerque 

substance abuse 

Goodwill Industries of New Mexico Permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals with a 

Albuquerque 

psychiatric disability 

Haven of Love Emergency shelter for men Albuquerque 

Interfaith Hospitality Network Emergency shelter for families Albuquerque 

Joy Junction Emergency shelter for men, women, and children Albuquerque 

Metropolitan Homelessness Project: Emergency shelter for men 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque Opportunity Center 

New Life Homes Permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability Albuquerque 

Saranam Transitional housing for women with children Albuquerque 

St. Martin's Hospitality Center 

Emergency motel vouchers, transitional housing for single men and Albuquerque 

families, transitional housing for individuals recovering from substance 

abuse, permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability 

Supportive Housing Coalition of New Transitional housing for youth aging out of foster care, permanent Albuquerque 

Mexico 

housing for chronically homeless individuals with a psychiatric disability 

Transitional Living Services (TLS) Transitional housing for individuals recovering from substance abuse, Albuquerque 

permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability 

Youth Development Inc. (YDI) Emergency shelter and transitional housing for youth Albuquerque 

Balance of State CoC 

People Assisting the Homeless Emergency shelter for men, women and children Farmington 

San Juan County Partnership Transitional housing for individuals and families Farmington 

Community Area Resource Enterprise Emergency shelter for men, transitional and permanent housing for Gallup 

(CARE 66) 

individuals with a psychiatric disability 

Gallup Housing Authority Transitional housing for individuals and families Gallup 

Families and Youth, Inc. Emergency shelter and transitional housing for youth Las Cruces 

Housing Authority of the City of Las Transitional housing for individuals and families, permanent housing for Las Cruces 

Cruces 


Mesilla Valley Community of Hope Transitional housing for individuals and families Las Cruces 

Tierra Del Sol Housing Corporation Transitional housing for individuals and families Las Cruces 

Village of Los Lunas Housing Authority Permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability Los Lunas 

La Buena Vida Permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability Rio Rancho 

Assurance Home Emergency and transitional housing for youth Roswell 

Santa Fe County Housing Authority Permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability Santa Fe 

St. Elizabeth Shelter Emergency shelter, transitional and permanent housing Santa Fe 

The Life Link 

Transitional housing for individuals and families, permanent housing for Santa Fe 


Youth Shelters and Family Services Emergency shelter and transitional housing for youth Santa Fe 

Western Regional Housing Authority Transitional housing for individuals and families, permanent housing for Silver City 


Socorro County Housing Authority Permanent housing for individuals with a psychiatric disability Socorro 

DreamTree Project Transitional housing for youth Taos 

Taos Coalition to End Homelessness Emergency shelter for men Taos 

New Mexico 




The Housing and Community Development Survey asked stakeholder respondents in New 

Mexico to identify their awareness of services and facilities currently available to homeless 

persons and also the need for additional services and facilities for this population. Table 

V.13 shows that most respondents were aware of services and facilities for homeless 

persons in their communities. However, the need for additional services and facilities was 

clearly rated very high, which suggests that while services and facilities are available there 

may still be a gap in what is needed to meet the needs of this population. 

Table V.13 

Survey Results 



Are there services and facilities available in your community for homeless persons 

Yes No Don't Know Missing Total 

182 72 31 63 348 

Please rate the need in your community for services and facilities for homeless persons. 

No Need Low Need Medium Need High Need Missing Total 

0 31 86 168 63 348 

E. NON-HOMELESS SPECIAL NEEDS ASSESSMENT 

According to HUD, special needs populations are “not homeless but require supportive 

housing, including the elderly, frail elderly, persons with disabilities (mental, physical, 

developmental), persons with alcohol or other drug addiction, persons with HIV/AIDS and 

their families, public housing residents and any other categories the jurisdiction may 

specify.” 28 Because individuals in these groups face unique housing challenges and are 

vulnerable to becoming homeless, a variety of support services are needed in order for 

them to achieve and maintain a suitable and stable living environment. Each of these 

special needs populations will be discussed in terms of their size and characteristics, 

services and housing currently provided, and services and housing still needed. 

A portion of the 2010 Housing and Community Development Survey asked respondents to 

rank the need for services and facilities for non-homeless special needs groups in New 

Mexico. The responses to this question are tabulated in Table V.14, below. While most 

special needs groups were perceived as having a high level of need, neglected and/or 

abused children had the most significant level of high need. Persons with substance abuse 

problems, the frail elderly and persons with mental disabilities were also identified as 

having high levels of need for services. 

28 

Consolidated Plan Final Rule 24 CFR Part 91. United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. Community Planning 

and Development. 1995. 14. 

New Mexico 




Table V.14 

Needs for Services for Non-Homeless Special Needs Groups 



Responses 

Categories 


Neglected/Abused children 1 14 70 194 69 348 

Persons with substance abuse problems 1 24 95 163 65 348 

The frail elderly 1 28 91 162 66 348 

People who are mentally disabled 1 26 95 158 68 348 

Victims of domestic violence 1 30 113 137 67 348 

People who are physically disabled 1 29 124 129 65 348 

People who have other disabilities 1 45 117 111 74 348 

The elderly 1 34 138 109 66 348 

Respondents were also questioned as to whether services and facilities were available to 

these special needs groups in their area. The results, displayed in Table V.15, show that 

respondents were most aware of services for the elderly, victims of domestic violence, 

persons with physical disabilities and persons with substance abuse problems. 

Respondents were less aware of services for persons with HIV/AIDS, persons with other 

disabilities and the frail elderly. 

Categories 

Table V.15 

Awareness of Availability of Services for Special Needs Groups 



Responses 

Yes 

No 

Don't 

Know 

Missing 

The elderly 247 16 19 66 348 

Victims of domestic violence 234 29 20 65 348 

People who are physically disabled 198 44 43 63 348 

Persons with substance abuse problems 194 58 33 63 348 

Neglected/Abused children 189 55 40 64 348 

People who are mentally disabled 184 71 30 63 348 

The frail elderly 163 49 71 65 348 

People who have other disabilities 163 52 70 63 348 

Persons with HIV/AIDS 130 42 106 70 348 

Total 

ELDERLY AND FRAIL ELDERLY PERSONS 

HUD provides a definition of “elderly” as persons age 62 or older. The U.S. National 

Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) notes that a number of older citizens have limitations 

caused by chronic conditions that constrain activities of daily living (ADLs). ADLs are 

divided into three levels, from basic to advanced. Basic ADLs involve personal care and 

include tasks such as eating, bathing, dressing, using the toilet, and getting in or out of bed 

or a chair. Intermediate, or instrumental, Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) are tasks 

necessary for independent functioning in the community. These include cooking, cleaning, 

New Mexico 




laundry, shopping, using the telephone, using or accessing transportation, taking 

medicines, and managing money. Social, recreational and occupational activities that 

greatly affect the individual's quality of life are Advanced Activities of Daily Living (AADL). 

Playing bridge, bowling, doing crafts, or volunteering for one's church are examples of 

advanced ADLs. “Frail elderly” is defined as persons who are unable to perform three or 

more activities of daily living. 29 

Size and Characteristics 

According to Census Bureau data for 2008, 260,051 residents in the State of New Mexico 

were age 65 or older, which equated to about 12.8 percent of the total population. 

Diagram V.1 presents a break down of the elderly population by age in New Mexico at the 

time of the 2000 census. The 2000 census data listed 10,940 of these elderly persons 

living in nursing home facilities in New Mexico at that time. 

60,000 

50,000 

40,000 

30,000 

20,000 

25,984 

37,243 

Diagram V.1 




54,518 

43,729 

27,445 

23,306 

10,000 

0 

65 to 66 67 to 69 70 to 74 75 to 79 80 to 84 85 and over 

Age 

HUD also releases data describing elderly and extra-elderly populations by housing 

problem and income. While HUD defines “elderly” as persons over the age of 62, “extra 

elderly” persons as defined as those over the age of 75. As seen in Table V.10, on the 

following page, there were an estimated 54,265 elderly households with a housing 

problem in the State of New Mexico in 2009. 

This data source also shows that there were an estimated 39,330 owner-occupied elderly 

households with a housing problem. Renter-occupied elderly households with a housing 

problem accounted for the remaining 14,935 households. An estimated 18,125 elderly and 

extra-elderly households with a housing problem had incomes of 30 percent or less of the 

median income. These extremely low income elderly households with an existing housing 

problem are of particular concern because these persons are at a serious risk of homelessness. 

29 

http://law.justia.com/us/cfr/title24/24-4.0.2.1.12.2.3.2.html 

New Mexico 




Table V.16 

Elderly Households with Housing Problems by Income by Tenure 



Income 

Elderly 

Extraelderlelderly 

Non- 

Total 

Owner 

30% AMI or less 6,705 5,660 17,095 29,460 

30.1-50% AMI 5,530 4,420 16,380 26,330 

50.1-80% AMI 5,160 2,715 24,070 31,945 

80.1-95% AMI 1,730 700 9,360 11,790 

95.1% AMI and above 5,125 1,585 25,550 32,260 

Total 24,250 15,080 92,455 131,785 

Renter 

30% AMI or less 3,240 2,520 33,890 39,650 

30.1-50% AMI 2,540 1,865 23,765 28,170 

50.1-80% AMI 1,170 1,840 19,760 22,770 

80.1-95% AMI 235 260 2,955 3,450 

95.1% AMI and above 305 960 4,175 5,440 

Total 7,490 7,445 84,545 99,480 

Total 

30% AMI or less 9,945 8,180 50,985 69,110 

30.1-50% AMI 8,070 6,285 40,145 54,500 

50.1-80% AMI 6,330 4,555 43,830 54,715 

80.1-95% AMI 1,965 960 12,315 15,240 

95.1% AMI and above 5,430 2,545 29,725 37,700 

Total 31,740 22,525 177,000 231,265 

Services and Housing Currently Provided 

The Older Americans Act of 1965 has been the main instrument for delivering social 

services to senior citizens in the U.S. This Act established the federal Administration on 

Aging (AoA) and related state agencies to specifically address the many needs of the elderly 

U.S. population. Despite limited resources and funding, the mission of the Older 

Americans Act is broad: “to help older people maintain maximum independence in their 

homes and communities and to promote a continuum of care for the vulnerable elderly.“ 30 

In New Mexico, support for the elderly population is provided by the New Mexico Aging 

and Long-Term Services Department. The role of this organization is to provide 

independence and dignity for elderly persons in New Mexico. The five divisions of this 

agency serve to address the varied needs of older persons in the state and are described as 

follows: 

• Consumer and Elder Rights Division – includes the Aging and Disability Resource 

Center, which provides information, outreach, resource coordination, and referrals 

to private and non-profit groups in the state, and also the Community Advocacy 

Bureau, which offers outreach for communities as well as counseling for health 

30 

http://www.nhpf.org/pdfs_basics/Basics_OlderAmericansAct_04-21-08.pdf 

New Mexico 




insurance and benefits, assistance for prescription drug plans, money management, 

and HIV advocacy. 

• Aging Network Division – includes the Employment Programs Bureau that manages 

two older worker programs along with Golden Opportunities for Lifelong 

Development and 50+ Employment Connection; also offers the Senior Services 

Bureau that offers technical assistance for Older Americans Act programs, Areas 

Agencies on Aging and volunteer programs. 

• Elderly and Disability Services Division – provides home and community-based 

long-term care programs such as the Coordination of Long-Term Care Services, 

Disability and Elderly Waiver Program, Personal Care Option program, Program of 

All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly, Traumatic Brain Injury Program, Mi Via Self- 

Directed Waiver Program and Gap Program. 

• Adult Protective Services Division – provides protective services to abused, 

neglected or exploited elderly persons with staff in 23 offices in New Mexico 

through screening, investigation, guardianship petitions, attendant care, and 

contracted home and community care. 

• Administrative Services Division – offers fiscal, human resources and capital project 

bureaus to provide administrative support to the Department. 

Services and Housing Needed 

While a number of different housing and service programs exist to aid elderly populations 

in New Mexico, as noted above, as the Baby Boomer generation grows older the needs of 

this population are expected to multiply substantially and, in turn, require increased 

funding. According to the New Mexico Aging and Long-Term Services Department, 

between 2000 and 2030, the population of persons 65 years of age and older is expected 

to double. As such, the availability of services and housing in the state must be expanded 

to meet need. 

The priority need of the elderly population, and especially the frail elderly population, is 

assisted or long-term care housing and services. The Baby Boomer generation, in 

particular, is more likely to want to remain independent and physically and mentally 

active. Thus, there is a need for a greater focus on in-home care or expanded home health 

services for elderly persons who are essentially independent but may benefit from meal 

services or housekeeping assistance as well as for families who do provide home care but 

still may require additional medical or financial assistance. Because most elderly persons 

are on a fixed budget and the costs of these services increase as people live longer and 

longer, the burden of cost may lie heavily on state-funded programs. 31 

31 

http://www.msdh.ms.gov/msdhsite/index.cfm/19,835,184,210,pdf/SectionA-Chapter4-PriorityNeeds.pdf 

New Mexico 




PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES (MENTAL, PHYSICAL, DEVELOPMENTAL) 

According to HUD, physical or mental disabilities include “hearing, mobility and visual 

impairments, chronic alcoholism, chronic mental illness, AIDS, AIDS related complex, and 

mental retardation that substantially limits one or more major life activities. Major life 

activities include walking, talking, hearing, seeing, breathing, learning, performing manual 

tasks and caring for oneself.” 32 HUD defers to Section 102 of the Developmental 

Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act of 2000 for the definition of developmental 

disability: “a severe, chronic disability of an individual that is attributable to a mental or 

physical impairment or combination of mental and physical impairments.” 

Many disabled persons require support services in order to maintain healthy lifestyles. The 

services that are required often depend on the individual and the type of disability. For 

example, a mentally disabled person may require medication assistance, weekly 

counseling sessions or job placement assistance. Specialized transport services and 

physical therapy sessions are services that might be required for a physically disabled 

person. 

Many people with disabilities live on fixed incomes and thus face financial and housing 

challenges similar to those of the elderly. Without a stable, affordable housing situation, 

persons with disabilities can find daily life challenging. Likewise, patients from psychiatric 

hospitals and structured residential programs have a hard time transitioning back in to main 

stream society without a reasonably priced and supportive living situation. The U.S. 

Conference of Mayors 2007 Hunger and Homeless Survey found that a mental health 

disability was the most often cited (65 percent of respondents) cause of homelessness 

among singles and unaccompanied youth. Likewise, they reported that 22.4 percent of 

sheltered singles and unaccompanied youth had a mental illness. 33 


As established previously, data from the 2000 census for New Mexico showed a total 

disabled population over the age of 5 of 338,430, with an overall disability rate of 20.4 

percent of the population. Table V.17 presents a tally of disabilities by age and disability 

type. For persons aged 5 to 15, the most common disability type was mental disability, 

followed by sensory disability and physical disability. For persons aged 16 through 64, 

employment disability was most common, followed by physical disability and go-outsidethe-home 

disability. As for persons 65 or older, the most prevalent disability type was 

physical disability, followed by go-outside-the-home disability and sensory disability. 

32 

http://www.hud.gov/offices/fheo/disabilities/inhousing.cfm 

33 

http://www.usmayors.org/HHSurvey2007/hhsurvey07.pdf 

New Mexico 




Table V.17 

Types of Disability by Age 



Disability Type 5 to 15 16 to 64 65 + Total 

Sensory disability 4,118 33,927 36,264 74,309 

Physical disability 3,623 81,624 64,070 149,317 

Mental disability 13,500 50,691 25,829 90,020 

Self-care disability 2,779 21,007 20,239 44,025 

Go-outside-home disability . 71,594 43,482 115,076 

Employment disability . 139,826 . 139,826 

Total 24,020 398,669 189,884 612,573 

More recent data on the number of persons living with disabilities in New Mexico are 

presented in Table V.18. This table shows that for households with housing problems, 

such as cost burdens or incomplete facilities, income and disability rate were inversely 

related and that groups with higher disability rates had lower income levels. 

Table V.18 

2009 Households with Housing Problems by Income by 

Tenure by Disability Status 



Income 

Disabled 

Not 

Disability 

Total 

Disabled 

Rate 

30% AMI or less 12,610 56,505 69,115 18.2% 

30.1-50% AMI 8,140 46,360 54,500 14.9% 

50.1-80% AMI 6,495 48,215 54,710 11.9% 

80.1% AMI and above 4,805 48,140 52,945 9.1% 

Total 32,050 199,220 231,270 13.9% 


The Aging and Disability Resource Center, through the New Mexico Aging and Long-Term 

Services Department, provides information and referrals to organizations throughout the 

state that aid persons with disabilities. 

The Department of Health also offers services through the Developmental Disabilities 

Support Division. This Division offers case management, day services, therapy, 

employment support, nutritional care, counseling, accessibility adaptations and community 

engagement opportunities. 34 

Services and Facilities Needed 

Results from the Housing and Community Development Survey, seen below in Table V.19, 

show that services and facilities for disabled populations are believed to be widely 

available in New Mexico. 

34 

http://www.health.state.nm.us/DDSD/servicesoverview/pg02overviewddw.htm 

New Mexico 




Table V.19 




Responses 

Categories 


Are there services and facilities available in your community for persons with disabilities 

People who are mentally disabled 184 71 30 63 348 

People who are physically disabled 198 44 43 63 348 

People who have other disabilities 163 52 70 63 348 

The Housing and Community Development Survey also asked participants to rank the need 

for services and facilities for disabled populations. The results, shown in Table V.20, 

indicate a strong need for housing for the mentally disabled, a moderate to strong need for 

housing for the physically disabled and a moderate need for housing for persons with other 

disabilities. 

Table V.20 




Responses 

Categories 

No 

Need 

Low 

Need 

Medium 

Need 

High 

Need 

Missing 

Total 

Please rate the need in your community for service and facilities persons with disabilities. 

People who are mentally disabled 1 26 95 158 68 348 

People who are physically disabled 1 29 124 129 65 348 

People who have other disabilities 1 45 117 111 74 348 

PEOPLE WITH ALCOHOL OR OTHER DRUG ADDICTIONS 

According to the National Coalition for the Homeless, “for those . . . just one step away 

from homelessness, the onset or exacerbation of an addictive disorder may provide just the 

catalyst to plunge them into residential instability.” 35 For persons suffering from addictions 

to drugs and alcohol, housing is complicated. Persons who have stable housing are much 

better able to treat their addictions. However, obtaining stable housing while suffering 

from addiction can be quite difficult, and the frustrations caused by a lack of housing 

options may only exacerbate addictions. 


As a border state, New Mexico faces many challenges in controlling the threat of addictive 

substances. Drug violation arrests in New Mexico averaged around 600 between 2002 

and 2006, with a low of 534 drug related arrests in 2003 and a high of 690 in 2004. 

35 

http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/facts/addiction.pdf 

New Mexico 




The number of persons suffering from drug or alcohol addiction can also be measured in 

terms of admittance into drug addiction treatment centers. In 2007 a total of 6,690 persons 

were admitted into drug rehabilitation or substance abuse treatment centers in New 

Mexico. The population was predominantly male and between the ages of 25 and 45. 

Most persons were also noted to be white or American Indian. The most common reason 

for admittance was alcohol addiction, with or without a secondary drug addiction, 

followed by heroin, marijuana, cocaine and meth. 36 


As of 2007, more than 50 substance abuse treatment centers existed in New Mexico. Of 

these institutions, 57.0 percent were for-profit, 18.0 percent were non-profit, 12.0 percent 

were run by Tribal governments, 8.0 percent were run by the federal government, and the 

remaining 5.0 percent were run by local or state government or Indian or veteran health 

services groups. 37 

Publicly-funded services for drug and alcohol addiction are administered by the New 

Mexico Human Services Department, Division of Behavioral Health Services (BHSD). The 

purpose of the BHSD is to serve as the authority for substance abuse services in the state. 

As such, the BHSD addresses need, services, planning, monitoring and quality assurance 

for adults with substance abuse problems across the state. The key functions of the BHSD, 

taken from the BHSD website, are: 

• Administering Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration 

(SAMHSA), Substance Abuse, Prevention and Treatment Block Grant (SAPTBG), and 

the Community Mental health Services Block Grant (CMHSBG); 

• Facilitating the mapping of prevalence, incident and impact of mental illness and 

substance abuse for adults across New Mexico; 

• Facilitating comprehensive service planning for provision of integrated systems of 

care based identified need; 

• Monitoring progress in systems capacity to meet the identified need and 

identification of significant gaps in services; 

• Identifying behavioral services best practices and the development of fidelity and 

quality standards; 

• Facilitating statewide behavioral health services access and capacity; 

• Monitoring statewide disaster response for persons with behavioral mental health 

services; 

• Functioning as the State Opioid Treatment Authority. 38 

36 

http://nationalsubstanceabuseindex.org/new-mexico/stats.php 

37 

http://nationalsubstanceabuseindex.org/new-mexico/facilities.php 

38 

http://www.hsd.state.nm.us/bhsd/ 

New Mexico 





In 2005, nearly 20 million persons in the U.S. who needed treatment for an alcohol or 

drug addiction were unable to obtain services, primarily due to the high cost of obtaining 

treatment services. 39 

The National Coalition for the Homeless notes that other needs for persons living with 

addictions to drugs or alcohol include transportation and support services, including work 

programs and therapy access. Barriers also include programs that follow abstinence-only 

policies. These programs are often unrealistic for persons suffering from addictions 

because they fail to address the reality of relapses. A person living in supportive housing 

with an addiction problem who experiences a relapse may suddenly become a homeless 

person. 40 

Results from the 2010 Housing and Community Development Survey, presented in Table 

V.21, show that the vast majority of respondents were aware of services and facilities for 

substance abusers in their communities. However, respondents also overwhelmingly 

indicated a high need level for additional services and facilities for this special needs 

group. 

Table V.21 




Are there services and facilities available in your community for substance abusers 


194 58 33 63 348 

Please rate the need in your community for services and facilities for substance abusers. 


1 24 95 163 65 348 

VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 

Domestic violence describes behaviors that are used by one person in a relationship to 

control the other. This aggressive conduct is often criminal, including physical assault, 

sexual abuse and stalking. Victims can be of all races, ages, genders, religions, cultures, 

education levels and marital statuses. Victims of domestic violence are at risk of becoming 

homeless due to an unstable living environment. If domestic violence victims flee the 

home, they are often faced with finding emergency shelter and services for themselves and 

their children. Victims of domestic violence are predominantly women. However, children 

can also be affected as either victims of abuse or as witnesses to abuse of members of their 

family. 

39 


40 


New Mexico 





Pinpointing a specific number of victims of domestic violence can be difficult because 

many cases go unreported. However, there are other means of gathering statistics, 

including tracking the numbers of cases that are reported to law enforcement. According 

to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 25,348 domestic violence incidents 

were reported to law enforcement officials in New Mexico in 2006, with 34 homicides 

noted to be a result of domestic violence. The majority of victims were between the ages 

of 22 and 40 years old and most were female. 

In more than half of all domestic violence cases in the state in 2006, children witnessed the 

crime. Nearly 4,000 children were witnesses of domestic violence acts in the family in 

2006 in New Mexico. More than one-fifth of these witnesses were also victims of domestic 

violence themselves. In New Mexico, a total of 6,844 children benefitted from services 

related to domestic violence programs in 2006. 41 


The New Mexico Coalition Against Domestic Violence exists to provide a coordinated 

local, regional and statewide response to domestic violence in the state. With more than 

21 member organizations, the Coalition collaborates agencies and advocates in New 

Mexico in program development, public policy, education and funding proposals. 

Specifically, the Coalition unites programs that offer community-based, non-violent 

alternatives including safe homes and shelter programs, public education and technical 

assistance, public development and innovative legislation, and efforts to eradicate social 

conditions that contribute to domestic violence. 42 

Services for victims of domestic abuse are provided by a variety of non-profit and faithbased 

organizations across the state. Many of the shelters have 24-hour crisis lines and 

offer temporary housing, advocacy, referral programs, counseling, and transportation, as 

well as many other services. A partial list of domestic violence service providers is shown 

in Table V.22, on the following page. 

41 

http://www.ncadv.org/resources/FactSheets.php 

42 

http://www.nmcadv.org/ 

New Mexico 





Table V.22 

Domestic Violence Service Providers 


MFA Data 

Homeless Service Organization 

Center of Protective Environment (COPE) 

Enlace Communitario 

PB&J Family Services 

Resources, Inc. 

S.A.F.E. House 

Grammy's House 

Valencia Shelter 

Carlsbad Battered Families 

Golden Spread 

Hartley House 

Eastern Navajo Task Force: Family Harmony Project 

Luna County: The Healing House 

Crisis Center of Northern New Mexico 

Family Crisis Center 

Battered Families Services 

Roberta's Place, Inc. 

Option, Inc. 

La Casa 

Tri-County Family Justice Center 

Torrance County 

Alternatives to Violence 

Domestic Unity 

Haven House 

Roswell Refuge 

Help End Abuse for Life (HEAL) 

Esperanza Shelter 

Home for Women and Children 

El Refugio 

El Puente del Socorro 

Community Against Violence 

Pueblo of Zuni 

Location 

Alamogordo 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque 

Artesia 

Belen 

Carlsbad 

Clayton 

Clovis 

Crownpoint 

Deming 

Espanola 

Farmington 

Gallup 

Grants 

Hobbs 

Las Cruces 

Las Vegas 

Moriarty 

Raton 

Reserve 

Rio Rancho 

Roswell 

Ruidoso Downs 

Santa Fe 

Shiprock 

Silver City 

Socorro 

Taos 

Zuni 

Results from the 2009 Housing and Community Development Survey revealed that 

respondents were mostly aware of facilities and services for domestic violence victims in 

their area. They also indicated a medium to high need level for additional domestic 

violence facilities and services in New Mexico. These data are shown on the following 

page in Table V.23. 

New Mexico 




Table V.23 




Are there services and facilities available in your community for domestic violence victims 


234 29 20 65 348 

Please rate the need in your community for services and facilities for domestic violence victims. 


1 30 113 137 67 348 

PEOPLE WITH HIV/AIDS AND THEIR FAMILIES 

National research has demonstrated that housing is the greatest unmet service need among 

people living with HIV/AIDS. Part of this can be attributed to several personal and 

structural factors unique to this population: loss of income due to progressive inability to 

maintain employment, disease progression requiring accessible facilities, and policy 

requirements that limit residence in temporary or transitional programs. 

In addition, homelessness is a barrier to outpatient care and HIV/AIDS specific therapies. 

The National Coalition for the Homeless reports that between one-third and one-half of all 

persons with HIV/AIDS are either homeless or at risk for becoming homeless. 43 Research 

shows that among people with HIV/AIDS, there is a strong correlation between housing 

and improved access to, ongoing engagement in, and treatment success with health care. 

This is partially due to the fact that complex medication regimens require that medicines be 

refrigerated and administered according to a strict schedule. Furthermore, homeless HIV 

positive individuals have a death rate that is five times greater than that of housed HIV 

positive people, 5.3 to 8 deaths per 100 people compared to 1 to 2 per 100 people. 44 


According to information gathered from the New Mexico Department of Health, a total of 

2,388 persons were living with AIDS in New Mexico as of November 2009, and an 

additional 1,438 persons were living with HIV. Thus a total of 3,826 persons were living 

with HIV or AIDS in New Mexico as of that time. Of all persons living with HIV/AIDS in 

the state, 88.0 percent were male and 12.0 percent were female. The majority of this 

special needs group was white (1,837 persons), followed by Hispanic (1,406 persons), 

American Indian/Alaskan native (285), African American (263), Asian/Pacific Islander (26) 

and multi-race (nine). Additionally, most persons living with HIV/AIDS in New Mexico 

were between the ages of 20 and 49. The Department of Health also provides data on the 

location in which afflicted persons contracted the disease. According to this data source, 

most persons in New Mexico contracted HIV/AIDS out of the state, but a significant 

43 

http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/facts/HIV.pdf 

44 http://www.nationalaidshousing.org/PDF/Housing%20&%20HIV-AIDS%20Policy%20Paper%2005.pdf 

New Mexico 




number also contracted the disease in Bernalillo County or the northeast region of the 

state. 45 


A combination of private non-profit providers and the Department of Health provide 

HIV/AIDS services in New Mexico. As part of the effort to combat HIV in the state, the 

Department of Health orchestrates the HIV Prevention Program. The HIV Prevention 

Program exists to reduce the incidence of HIV transmission in New Mexico. This is 

accomplished through planning, funding, coordination and evaluation of HIV prevention 

activities for at-risk populations across New Mexico. As part of this effort, the Program 

offers a variety of different administrative and oversight functions. These include: 

• Information activities including training, technical assistance, and capability 

building for providers; 

• Monitoring of HIV prevention and testing activities including collection of data. 46 

Free HIV testing is also provided by many non-profit organizations along with a bevy of 

other services, such as case management, transitional housing, food pantries, direct 

financial assistance, support groups and mental health counseling. A partial list of HIV 

service providers in New Mexico is provided in Table V.24, below. 


Increased funding for housing for persons living with 

HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest needs of the 

HIV/AIDS support programs. For example, there is 

generally a high need for increased scattered site 

housing availability, because traditional assisted 

housing options that involve grouping funding 

recipients in one site or complex are ineffective in 

that they can endanger the confidentiality of 

residents. Additionally, program recipients have a 

need for longer-term housing options. As the 

treatment of AIDS has advanced, people are living 

Table V.24 

HIV Service Providers 


MFA Data 

Service Organization 

First Nations Community 

HealthSource 

New Mexico AIDS Services 

Department of Health Community 

Collaborative Care (CCC) Program 

Alianza of New Mexico 

Southwest CARE Center 

First Nations Community 

HealthSource 

Location 

Albuquerque 

Albuquerque 

Farmington 

Las Cruces 

Roswell 

Santa Fe 

Albuquerque 

longer with the disease. Thus longer-term housing options are needed. However, the 

funding of these long-term housing options can be expensive. 

As seen on the following page in Table V.25, respondents to the New Mexico Housing and 

Community Development Survey were not entirely aware of services and facilities in their 

area for persons with HIV/AIDS. More than half of the respondents indicated a medium to 

high need level for services and facilities for persons with HIV/AIDS. 

45 

http://www.health.state.nm.us/erd/HealthData/HIV/Summary_Nov09.pdf 

46 

http://nmhealth.org/IDB/HIV.shtml 

New Mexico 




Table V.25 




Are there services and facilities available in your community for persons with HIV/AIDS 


130 42 106 70 348 

Please rate the need in your community for services and facilities for persons with HIV/AIDS. 


5 58 127 81 77 348 

While basic medical care and drug coverage is not generally an issue due to funding from 

the Ryan White program, dental care is often mentioned as an unmet need for persons 

living with HIV/AIDS. 

F. SUMMARY 

Results from the 2010 Housing and Community Development Needs Survey showed that 

affordable housing and first-time homebuyer assistance were both considered to have a 

high need for funding, along with affordable rental housing and rent assistance. Comments 

received from focus group meetings in the state showed that there is a need for new rental 

properties in urban areas and a need for rental rehabilitation in rural areas. 

Homeless needs throughout the state are handled by two different Continuum of Care 

organizations. A count of the homeless population in the state showed that more than 

3,475 persons were homeless in New Mexico in 2009, including 304 homeless families 

with children and 779 chronically homeless persons. 

Non-homeless special needs populations in the state include the elderly and frail elderly, 

persons living with disabilities, persons with alcohol or other drug addiction, victims of 

domestic violence, and persons living with HIV and their families. These populations are 

not homeless, but are at the risk of becoming homeless and therefore often require housing 

and service programs. The needs of the special needs groups are relative to the programs 

currently provided. For example, the elderly population is expected to swell in the near 

future and will require increased access to home services as well as assisted living and 

nursing home facilities. 

New Mexico 




New Mexico 



VI. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS ASSESSMENT 


The community development needs for the State of New Mexico were determined based 

on research gathered from the 2010 Housing and Community Development Needs survey. 

B. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS ASSESSMENT 

2010 HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SURVEY 

As part of the process of evaluating community development needs in New Mexico, the 

2010 Housing and Community Development Needs survey was distributed to stakeholders 

throughout the state. A total of 348 survey responses were received. 

Survey participants were asked to identify which funding areas they would allocate their 

resources to. These results are presented in Diagram VI.1, below, and show that most 

respondents would prioritize resources to housing and economic development activities. 

Infrastructure received slightly fewer responses, followed by human services, public 

facilities and “all other.” 

40.0% 

35.0% 

35.3% 

Diagram VI.1 

How Would You Allocate Resources 



30.0% 

Responses 

25.0% 

20.0% 

15.0% 

10.0% 

5.0% 

19.9% 

16.4% 

10.0% 

15.1% 

3.2% 

0.0% 

Housing 

Economic Infrastructure 

Development 

Public 

Facilities 

Human 

Services 

All Other 

In terms of business and job activities, nearly half of the respondents indicated a high need 

for work force training. A large number of respondents also indicated a high need level for 

business retention activities, access to business venture capital, and business recruitment. 

A more moderate level of need was shown for business expansion assistance, technical 

assistance, assistance to for-profits, micro-enterprise support, and assistance of downtown 

businesses. These tabulations are presented in Table VI.1, on the following page. 

New Mexico 



VI. Community Development Needs Assessment 

Category 

Table VI.1 

Need for Economic Development Activities 



Responses 

No 

Need 

Low 

Need 

Medium 

Need 

High 

Need 

Missing 

Work force training 1 19 117 166 45 348 

Business retention activities 5 39 108 139 57 348 

Access to business venture capital 5 30 118 132 63 348 

Business recruitment 3 51 104 131 59 348 

Business expansion assistance 5 45 129 110 59 348 

Technical assistance 5 51 141 97 54 348 

Assistance to for-profits 15 75 118 83 57 348 

Micro-enterprise support 7 68 126 83 64 348 

Assist downtown businesses 21 86 100 82 59 348 

Other 3 0 6 17 322 348 

Table VI.2, on the following page, presents the rankings for infrastructure, facilities and 

services needs in communities in New Mexico. 

For infrastructure, the highest rated needs were for street improvements and water/sewer 

improvements. Other needs receiving significant support were sidewalk improvements, 

storm sewers/sanitary systems, and water quality improvements 

In regard to community and public facilities, respondents saw the greatest need for youth 

centers, followed by child care centers and health care. A more moderate level of need 

was seen for senior centers, parks/playgrounds and community centers. 

Crime awareness was ranked the highest need by far of the public and human services 

needs. Tenant/landlord counseling received a fairly high indication of need, while fair 

housing education was seen as a moderate to high level need. 

Total 

New Mexico 




Category 

Table VI.2 

Need for Infrastructure, Public Facilities, Services 



Responses 

No 

Need 

Low 

Need 

Medium 

Need 

Expressed Level of Need for Infrastructure 

High 

Need 

Missing 

Street improvements 2 31 110 133 72 348 

Water/Sewer improvements 1 41 109 122 75 348 

Sidewalk improvements 5 60 108 103 72 348 

Storm sewers/Sanitary 4 59 112 99 74 348 

Water quality improvements 5 52 119 98 74 348 

Colonias infrastructure improvements 28 51 73 97 99 348 

Sewer system improvements 2 47 130 93 76 348 

Drainage improvements 2 71 111 89 75 348 

Other 5 0 1 13 329 348 

Expressed Level of Need Ranked for Public Facilities 

Youth centers 0 25 85 175 63 348 

Child care centers 4 21 99 160 64 348 

Health care 1 29 92 160 66 348 

Senior centers 2 58 132 91 65 348 

Parks/Playgrounds 7 57 130 90 64 348 

Community centers 4 54 136 90 64 348 

Other recreational facilities 5 68 115 88 72 348 

Libraries 7 76 127 70 68 348 

Other 3 1 3 21 320 348 

Expressed Level of Need Ranked for Public and Human Services 

Crime awareness 3 36 97 147 65 348 

Tenant/Landlord counseling 2 43 117 124 62 348 

Fair housing education 5 48 116 118 61 348 

Other 5 0 0 15 328 348 

At the end of the survey participants were given the opportunity to comment on barriers or 

constraints to addressing the community and economic development needs identified in 

the survey. In general, respondents felt that budget constraints, lack of employment 

opportunities, and bureaucratic impediments were the largest obstacles to serving 

community and economic development needs. 

C. PRIORITY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS RANKINGS 

Assignment of the ranking of the public facility needs, infrastructure, public service needs, 

special needs groups, and economic development are all presented in the Priority Needs 

Table 2B, on the following page. 

Total 

New Mexico 




PRIORITY COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 

HUD Table 2B 

Community Development Needs in New Mexico 

Priority Need Level 

(High, Medium, Low, 

No Such Need) 

Dollars to Address 

Unmet Need 

Economic Development Activities 

Attract new businesses 3,637,000 

Retain existing businesses 

Expand existing businesses 

Provide job training 

Provide job re-training 

Enhance business infrastructure 12,127,000 

Provide working capital for businesses 

Provide businesses with technical assistance 

Invest as equity partners 

Provide venture capital 

Develop business incubators 

Develop business parks 5,449,000 

Human and Public Services 

Expand services for youth 

Expand senior services 

Increase transportation services 

Health care services 

Child care services 

Services for those with substance abuse problems 

Increase services for severely disabled 

Infrastructure 

Improve local streets, roads, and sidewalks 382,099,071 

Improve local water systems 379,312,130 

Improve bridges 

Improve local solid waste facilities 32,319,500 

Improve local storm sewer systems 63,049,564 

Improve local wastewater systems 348,313,068 

Public Facilities 

Youth centers 44,417,197 

Community centers 11,500,000 

Childcare facilities 62,915,362 

Park and recreational centers 84,837,730 

Senior centers 153,989,135 

Health facilities 

Improve accessibility of public buildings 

Expand jail space 

Residential treatment centers 

Other local service facilities 446,470,407 

Other 

Neighborhood stabilization 

Mitigation of lead-based paint hazards 

Fair housing activities 

TOTAL ESTIMATED DOLLARS NEEDED: 2,030,345,164 

D. SUMMARY 

The 2010 Housing and Community Development Survey provided data on perceived 

community development needs. Respondents indicated that funding should be primarily 

devoted to housing and economic development. Workforce training and business retention 

received high need rankings in terms of economic development activities, while street and 

water/sewer improvements received high need rankings in regard to infrastructure. 

Respondents noted mostly high levels of need for youth and child care centers, and crime 

awareness was seen as the greatest need in the public and human services category. 

New Mexico 



VII. STRATEGIC PLAN 

A. OVERVIEW OF CONSOLIDATED PLAN NATIONAL GOALS 

The goals of the New Mexico Consolidated Plan are to provide decent housing, provide a 

suitable living environment and expand economic opportunities for its low- and moderateincome 

residents. The MFA and DFA strive to accomplish these goals by affectively 

maximizing and utilizing all available funding resources to conduct housing and 

community development activities that will serve the economically disadvantaged residents 

of the non-entitlement areas of the state. By addressing need and creating opportunity at 

the individual and neighborhood levels, the MFA and DFA and participating communities 

hope to improve the quality of life for residents. These goals are further explained as 

follows: 

• Provide decent housing by helping homeless persons obtain appropriate housing 

and assisting those at risk of homelessness; preserving the affordable housing stock; 

increasing availability of permanent housing that is affordable to low- and moderateincome 

persons without discrimination; and increasing the supply of supportive 


• Provide a suitable living environment by improving the safety and livability of 

neighborhoods; increasing access to quality facilities and services and infrastructure; 

and reducing the isolation of income groups within an area through deconcentration 

of low-income housing opportunities. 

• Expand economic opportunities by creating jobs accessible to low- and moderateincome 

persons; making mortgage financing available for low- and moderateincome 

persons at reasonable rates; providing access to credit for development 

activities that promote long-term economic and social viability of the community; 

and empowering low-income persons to achieve self-sufficiency to reduce 

generational poverty in federally assisted and public housing. 

B. CONTEXT IN WHICH ACTIVITIES WILL BE CONDUCTED 

PRINCIPLES GUIDING THE STRATEGIC PLAN 

The State of New Mexico recognizes that to be successful in the implementation of housing 

and community development activities, efforts must be efficient and fruitful. Unfortunately, 

the state does not have sufficient resources in its CDBG, HOME or ESG programs to 

properly address all needs identified in the state. The state is therefore utilizing several 

guiding principles for its five-year strategic plan. These principles are as follows: 

1. Concentrate efforts on a limited number of areas and activities, so that those 

resources that are utilized will have the greatest lasting and noticeable effect; 

New Mexico 



VII. Strategic Plan 

2. Support activities that build upon existing housing and community development 

infrastructure and provide for on-going maintenance; 

3. Implement strategies with sustainable long-term impacts, such as cost-effective 

rehabilitation and redevelopment that complements surrounding properties; 

4. Seek opportunities to form partnerships with other agencies within the state, 

generating beneficial activities for the entire state; 

5. Explore opportunities to leverage resources with other private, nonprofit, and 

government agencies so the state’s limited resources have the greatest possible net 

effect. 


The results of the state’s resource expenditures will be in terms that are quantifiable; in 

terms that are measurable; and that were originally cited as a goal. These objectives, and 

their outcomes, are best illustrated in the following diagram: 

Five-Year 

Consolidated 

Plan Objectives 

Creating 

Suitable Living 

Environments 

Outcomes 

Providing Decent 

Affordable 

Housing 

Outcomes 

Creating 

Economic 

Opportunities 

Outcomes 

Availability/ 

Accessibility 

Availability/ 

Accessibility 

Availability/ 

Accessibility 

Affordability 



Sustainability 



New Mexico 




OBSTACLES TO MEETING NEEDS 

Lack of sufficient funding is the primary obstacle to meeting needs in the State of New 

Mexico. The State has many high-poverty, low-employment areas with aging and 

substandard housing stock. Meeting the needs in the Colonias, in particular, is difficult 

because so many of the Colonias are not designated units of local government and, 

therefore, are ineligible to apply for funds from a variety of funding sources including 

CDBG. Additionally, using federal funds on tribal lands presents its own set of unique 

challenges including having clear title to land, placing encumbrances on land, working 

with a number of tribal entities and political systems. Finally, the lack of capacity or 

distribution network in many rural New Mexico communities makes it difficult to deliver 

services where they are needed. 

C. STRATEGIC GOALS OF THE NEW MEXICO CONSOLIDATED PLAN 

The following list presents the overriding strategies and goals of the New Mexico Five-Year 

Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development, including selected 

performance criteria associated with each strategy and goal. Furthermore, there may be a 

need to direct such housing resources by use of project selection criteria, which may be 

updated annually, based upon year-to-year need and local circumstances. 

The strategies the State will pursue over the next five years are as follows: 

1. Expand the supply of quality affordable housing 

a. Enhance homeowner new construction 

b. Provide multi-family rental new construction 

c. Conduct multi-family acquisition and rehabilitation 

2. Increase opportunities for homeownership 

a. Provide financial assistance to prospective homeowners 

b. Assist with single-family acquisition/rehabilitation 

3. Preserve the State’s existing affordable housing stock 

a. Conduct owner-occupied homeowner housing rehabilitation 

b Implement multi-family rehabilitation 

4. Provide housing for special needs populations, including persons with HIV/AIDS 

a. Encourage the development of special needs housing with services 

b. Expand housing opportunities and access for special needs populations 

c. Fund non-profit entities providing housing and related services for persons living 

with HIV/AIDS 

5. Reduce the incidence of homelessness 

a. Increase the number of available living environments, primarily transitional and 

permanent housing situations 

New Mexico 




b. Increase the level of services provided to the homeless and persons at risk of 

homelessness 

6. Enhance the quality of New Mexico’s infrastructure and public facilities 

a. Fund improvements to non-CDBG entitlement area water/wastewater systems and 

streets 

b. Fund infrastructure improvements in the Colonias areas 

c. Enhance the accessibility and usefulness of public facilities 

d. Encourage planning that includes comprehensive planning, asset management, 

preliminary engineering reports, and any other studies or plans listed in rules and 

regulations 

e. Encourage more housing related projects 

f. Encourage more economic development projects 

Each of the strategies identified above, as well as the objectives consistent with each 

strategy are discussed in greater detail below. Performance measurement criteria are 

presented at the end of each strategy narrative. 

STRATEGY 1: EXPAND THE SUPPLY OF QUALITY AFFORDABLE HOUSING 

The population throughout New Mexico continues to increase, and this growth is 

occurring more quickly in the urban areas and more slowly in the rural areas of the state. 

The demand for quality affordable homeowner and rental housing will continue to rise 

along with population, but at different rates depending on the local community’s 

economic, demographic and housing market conditions. The goal of the MFA’s housing 

programs is to serve low- and moderate-income households while distributing program 

resources equitably and in response to specific needs around the state. The MFA will also 

continue to work with community housing development organizations (CHDOs) to 

facilitate new homeownership and rental housing development. 

OBJECTIVES 

Enhance Homeowner New Construction 

Because New Mexico’s population is expanding and many people wish to have the 

financial capability to be homeowners, there remains a need to provide affordable new 

construction for single-family homeownership. The new construction needs to be handled 

in a thoughtful manner that takes into consideration the issues of the entire community. 


1. Assuring that mortgage funding is available to prospective eligible homeowners, with 

such new homes defined as new construction and new manufactured housing 

installations on permanent foundations 

New Mexico 




2. Funding residential new construction handled through Community Housing 

Development Organizations (CHDO) 

3. Funding energy efficient residential development for green construction 

4. Facilitating the donation of state and local land for the development of affordable 

housing single-family projects 

Provide Multi-family Rental Housing New Construction 

Because New Mexico’s population is expanding but a portion of the population may not 

be ready for homeownership, there remains a need to provide affordable new construction 

for rental opportunities. The new construction needs to be handled in a thoughtful manner 

that takes into consideration the issues of the entire community. 


1. Encouraging leveraging federal resources to generate multi-family rental housing new 

construction 

2. Facilitating CHDO set aside resources for multi-family new construction 

3. Funding multi-family new rental construction directly to non-profit entities 


Because New Mexico’s population is expanding and persons still may prefer to rent rather 

than own, there remains a need to acquire additional and suitable rental opportunities. 



acquisition and rehabilitation 

2. Facilitating CHDO set aside resources for multi-family acquisition and rehab 

3. Funding multi-family acquisition and rehab directly to non-profit entities 


Enhance Homeowner New Construction: 


1. The number of eligible households that benefit from new construction 


1. The number of affordable single-family units that have been built for 

homeownership 


1. The number of affordable single-family units that have been added to the stock 

affordable housing units 

New Mexico 




Provide Rental Housing New Construction: 


1. The number of eligible households that benefit from new rental construction 


1. The number of affordable rental housing units that have been built 


1. The number of affordable rental housing units that have been added to the stock 

affordable rental housing units 



1. The number of eligible households that benefit from multi-family acquisition and 



1. The number of multi-family rental units that have been acquired, rehabilitated, 

and are affordable 


1. The number of multi-family rental units that have been acquired, rehabilitated 

and added to the stock of affordable rental housing units 

STRATEGY 2: INCREASE OPPORTUNITIES FOR HOMEOWNERSHIP 

The New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority is committed to enhancing opportunities for 

homeownership to eligible lower-income citizens. 

Provide Financial Assistance to First-Time Homebuyers 


1. Providing homebuyer education classes, financial counseling and post-purchase 

educational opportunities 

2. Providing lower-interest rate loans to qualified low-income buyers 

3. Providing down payment assistance, providing closing cost assistance, reducing the 

principal loan amount, or buying down the interest rate 

Assist with Single-Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation 


1. Funding owner-occupied rehabilitation 



New Mexico 





housing units 



Provide Financial Assistance to First-Time Homebuyers: 


1. The number of eligible households that have received educational training, 

financial counseling or post-purchase educational opportunities 


1. The number of eligible households that have been able to purchased their first 

home 


1. The number of affordable units that have been acquired by first-time homebuyers 

through MFA assistance 

Assist with Single-Family Acquisition and Rehabilitation: 


1. The number of homeowner households that have benefited from acquisition and 



1. The number of affordable units that have undergone acquisition and 



1. The number of affordable units that have been rehabilitated and added to the 

stock of affordable housing units 

STRATEGY 3: PRESERVE THE STATE’S AFFORDABLE HOUSING STOCK 

The State of New Mexico has many housing units that are indicative of key cultural and 

societal values, but at the same time these units are in need of repair and maintenance. 

Furthermore, some areas of the state are growing slowly, thereby affecting demand for 

existing structures in need of upkeep. It is the position of the MFA that for those homes 

that are suitable for rehabilitation, efforts need to be taken to preserve properties suitable 

for repair as well as those properties with historic, architectural or cultural value for future 

generations. 

Conduct Owner-Occupied Homeowner Housing Rehab 


New Mexico 




1. Facilitating owner-occupied rehabilitation 




units 


Implement Multi-family Rental Rehabilitation 



acquisition and/or rehabilitation 

2. Facilitating CHDO set aside resources for multi-family rehab 

3. Funding multi-family rehab directly to non-profit entities 


Conduct Owner-Occupied Homeowner Housing Rehab: 


1. The number of eligible homeowner households that have received such rehab 


1. The number of affordable housing units that have been repaired 


1. The number of affordable homeowner units that have been rehabilitated and 

remain affordable 

Implement Multifamily Rental Rehabilitation: 


1. The number of eligible households that have benefited from multi-family 



1. The number of rental units that have undergone rehabilitation and remain 

affordable 


1. The number of units that have been rehabilitated and become additions to the 

affordable rental housing stock 

STRATEGY 4: PROVIDE HOUSING FOR SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS, INCLUDING 

HIV/AIDS 

Throughout the State of New Mexico, there remains a number of groups with 

developmental, physical and other disabilities that are in need of housing and housing 

New Mexico 




related services, including persons living with HIV or AIDS. Furthermore, areas of the state 

have these needs in varying degrees. 

Encourage the development of special needs housing with services 


1. Providing low-interest loans to make accessibility improvements to existing singlefamily 

homes for people with disabilities 

2. Providing financial incentives for housing for the elderly, physically or mentally 

disabled, and other special needs with services 

Expand housing opportunities and access for special populations. 


1. Providing funds to make accessibility improvements to existing rental housing for 

people with disabilities 

2. Providing financial incentives for the development of rental housing for the elderly, 

physically or mentally disabled and other special needs with services 

Fund entities providing housing and related services for HIV positive persons and persons 


This objective can be accomplished through the following goal: 

1. Providing funds to non-profit organizations that serve people who are HIV-positive 

and/or are living with AIDS, such as short term rent, mortgage and utility payments, 

continued rental assistance for low-income households, and related supportive services 


Encourage the development of special needs housing with services: 


1. The number of persons served with housing or with housing related services 



1. The number of housing units that have been made available for the special needs 

populations 


1. The number of units that have been made available for the special needs 

populations and added to the affordable housing stock 

New Mexico 




Expand housing opportunities and access for special needs populations: 


1. The number of special needs persons served 


3. The number of affordable rental units that have been made accessible for the 

special needs populations 


1. The number of rental units that have been created or modified for accessibility 

and that remain affordable 


1. The number of units that have been made accessible and added to the affordable 

housing stock 

Fund entities providing housing and related services for HIV-positive persons and persons 



1. The number of HIV/AIDS households served with housing without related 

services 

2. The number of HIV/AIDS households served with housing and related services 


1. The number of HIV/AIDS households that were assisted without services 

2. The number of HIV/AIDS households that were assisted with services 


1. The number of HIV/AIDS households that were added to the HIV/AIDS available 

stock of units 

STRATEGY 5: REDUCE THE INCIDENCE OF HOMELESSNESS 

While the population is continuing to grow, the incidence of homelessness remains a 

troublesome difficulty for the State. The MFA is very interested in reducing the incidence 

of homelessness throughout New Mexico. 



1. Enhancing homeless prevention activities, to include counseling and other training 

opportunities 

2. Expanding rapid re-housing activities to include rental assistance and stabilization 

services 

New Mexico 




Increase the number of available living environments 


1. Expanding the supply of transitional housing units for people experiencing 

homelessness 

2. Expanding the supply of permanent supportive housing for people experiencing 

homelessness 




1. The number of homeless persons provided with services 

2. The number and types of services provided to persons experiencing 

homelessness 


1. The number of persons who gained a stable transitional or permanent housing 

situation 


1. The number of persons in a stable permanent housing situation one year after 

placement in MFA administered permanent supportive housing 

Increase the number of available living environments: 


1. The number of homeless persons using a transitional housing unit 

2. The number of homeless persons placed in permanent supportive housing units 


1. The number of transitional housing units created 

2. The number of permanent supportive housing units created 


1. The number of previously homeless persons in transitional housing 

2. The number of previously homeless persons placed in permanent supportive 

housing 

STRATEGY 6: ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND PUBLIC FACILITIES 

The New Mexico Department of Finance and Administration, Local Government Division, 

has the responsibility of administering the State’s Community Development Block Grant 

Program. This program is directed outside of the State’s CDBG entitlement communities. 

New Mexico 




This strategy will include a focus on providing a suitable living environment through: 

• Waste, wastewater and streets: Funds will be allocated to improve the 

infrastructure for low and moderate income persons and priority will be given to 

those that are shovel-ready. 

• Colonia: Funds will be allocated to improve the infrastructure and housing needs 

in the colonia areas and priority will be given to those that are shovel-ready. 

• Public facilities: Funds will be allocated to projects that support human service 

needs through funding emergency services, special needs groups, seniors, 

elderly and disabled individuals in order to be supportive of communities in the 

state and service low and moderate income persons; priority will be given to 

those communities that are shovel ready. 

• Planning: Funds will be allocated to projects that update their comprehensive 

plans, new comprehensive plans, asset management plans, preliminary 

engineering reports, and other plans and studies identified in rules and 

regulations. 

The strategy will focus on providing decent housing through allocating funding to projects 

related to housing activities for low to moderate income persons and priority will be given 

to housing rehabilitation projects. Expanding economic opportunities will be achieved 

through allocating funds to projects that improve economic opportunity for low and 

moderate income persons and priority will be given to projects that create and/or retain 

jobs. 

Enhance the quality of New Mexico’s infrastructure and public facilities 


1. Funding improvements to non-CDBG entitlement area water/wastewater systems and 

streets 

2. Funding infrastructure improvements in the Colonias areas 

3. Enhancing the accessibility and usefulness of public facilities 

4. Encourage planning that includes comprehensive planning, asset management, 

preliminary engineering reports, and any other studies or plans listed in the rules and 

regulations 

5. Encourage more housing related activities 

6. Encourage more economic development projects 


Enhance the quality of New Mexico’s infrastructure: 


1. The number of water or wastewater projects and streets completed 

2. The number of Colonias projects completed, by type of project 

New Mexico 




3. The number of public facilities with improved accessibility or usefulness 

4. The number of planning projects that will provide readiness 

5. The number of housing projects rehabilitated 


1. The number of eligible persons assisted with new water or wastewater systems or 

streets 

2. The number of persons within Colonias assisted with water/wastewater or other 

infrastructure projects 

3. The number of eligible persons who the improved facilities will serve 

4. The number of persons assisted with housing rehabilitation 


1. The economic development benefits imparted to each community receiving the 

enhanced infrastructure investments, including the Colonias 

2. The economic development benefits imparted to each community whose public 

facilities have been improved 

New Mexico 




New Mexico 



APPENDIX A: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN 

NEW MEXICO CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN 

Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development 

Introduction 

In 1994, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development issued new rules consolidating 

the planning, application, reporting and citizen participation processes of four formula grant 

programs: Community Development Block Grants (CDBG), Home Investment Partnerships 

(HOME), Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) and Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS 

(HOPWA). The new single-planning process was intended to more comprehensively fulfill three 

basic goals: to provide decent housing, to provide a suitable living environment and to expand 

economic opportunities. 

Provision of decent housing may involve assisting homeless persons in obtaining appropriate 

housing, retaining the affordable housing stock, increasing the availability of permanent affordable 

housing for low-income households without discrimination or increasing supportive housing to 

assist persons with special needs. Providing a suitable living environment might entail improving 

the safety and livability of neighborhoods, including the provision of adequate public facilities; 

deconcentrating housing opportunities and revitalizing neighborhoods; restoring and preserving 

natural and physical features with historic, architectural, and aesthetic value; and conserving energy 

resources. Expanding economic opportunities can involve creation of accessible jobs, providing 

access resources for community development, and assisting low-income persons to achieve selfsufficiency. 

The Consolidated Plan is actually a three-part planning process required by HUD. It comprises 

developing a five-year strategic plan, preparing annual action plans and submitting annual 

performance reports. These three parts are intended to furnish the framework whereby New Mexico 

can identify its housing, homeless, community, and economic development needs, identify 

resources that will be tapped and actions to be taken that will address the needs, as well as look 

back and evaluate the State's progress toward achieving its strategic goals. Completing these 

documents on time and in a manner that is acceptable to HUD ensures program funding. 

The precursor to the Consolidated Plan is the Citizen Participation Plan (CPP). The objectives of the 

CPP are to ensure that the citizens of New Mexico, particularly persons of low and moderate 

income, persons living in slum and blight areas, units of local government, housing agencies and 

other interested parties, are provided with the opportunity to participate in the planning and 

preparation of the Consolidated Plan, including amendments to the Consolidated Plan and the 

Annual Performance Report. In doing so, the CPP sets forth general policies and procedures for 

implementing and carrying out the Consolidated Planning Process, such as how the Consolidated 

Plan will be developed, dates and milestones along which the process will proceed, and methods 

for citizens to offer the State assistance and guidance in the formulation of the Plan. Furthermore, 

the provisions of the CPP fulfill statutory and regulatory requirements for citizen participation 

specified in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's rules for the Consolidated 

Plan, the HOME Investment Partnerships (HOME) Program, the Community Development Block 

Grant (CDBG) Program, the Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) Program and the Housing 

Opportunities for Persons with Aids (HOPWA) Program. In New Mexico, the New Mexico 

Mortgage Finance Authority administers the HOME, ESG and HOPWA funds and the Local 

New Mexico 



Appendix A: Citizen Participation Plan 

Government Division, Community Development Bureau within the Department of Finance and 

Administration administers the CDBG resources. The MFA is the lead agency for developing the 

Consolidated Plan. 

In order to ensure maximum participation in the Consolidated Plan process among all populations 

and needs groups, and in order to ensure that their issues and concerns are adequately addressed, 

the MFA and DFA will follow the standards set forth in its adopted Citizen Participation Plan during 

development of its Consolidated Plan, Action Plan and Annual Performance Report. 

The term “entitlement area” refers to cities and counties that, because of their size, are able to 

receive federal funding directly. These areas must complete a Consolidated Plan separately from 

the State’s to receive funding. For purposes of this report, “non-entitlement” refers to cities and 

towns that do not file Consolidated Plans individually and are not able to receive funding from the 

HUD programs directly. Entitlements not covered by the New Mexico Consolidated Plan are City 

of Albuquerque, City of Las Cruces, City of Santa Fe, City of Farmington, City of Rio Rancho. 

Individuals wishing to contribute to the Consolidated Planning process in these areas should 

contact housing and community development specialists in these cities/counties. 

Encouraging Citizen Participation 

The Consolidated Plan is designed to enumerate New Mexico's overall strategy for coordinating 

federal and other housing and community development resources to provide decent housing, 

establish and maintain a suitable living environment, and expand economic opportunities, 

particularly for low- and moderate-income persons. 

Interested groups and individuals are encouraged to provide input into all aspects of New Mexico's 

Consolidated Planning activities, from assessing needs to setting priorities through performance 

evaluation. By following the CPP, numerous opportunities for citizens to contribute information, 

ideas and opinions about ways to improve our neighborhoods, promote housing affordability and 

enhance the delivery of public services to local residents will occur. 

The State of New Mexico is committed to keeping all interested groups and individuals informed of 

each phase of the Consolidated Planning process and of activities being proposed or undertaken 

under HUD formula grant programs. Opportunities to comment on or participate in planning 

community development and affordable housing activities and projects will be publicized and 

disseminated throughout the state. 

Public Hearings and Meetings 

DFA and MFA will conduct at least two public hearings to obtain citizens' views and to respond to 

proposals and questions. The hearings will take place at different stages of the Consolidated 

Planning process. At least one will occur prior to development of the Draft Plan and will be 

intended to solicit public input regarding distinct issues, thereby aiding policy formation. At least 

one more will occur after the Draft Plan has been released for public review, allowing interested 

parties an opportunity to review the strategies and how they were developed, designed and 

presented. 

New Mexico 




Information about the time, location and subject of each hearing will be provided to citizens at 

least 14 calendar days in advance through adopted public notice and outreach procedures. This 

notification will be disseminated to local governments and other interested parties. Public 

notification of the hearings will be published in statewide newspaper with display ads published in 

hearing location cities or towns. MFA and DFA staff may also attend other meetings and 

conventions in New Mexico throughout the year, thereby providing an opportunity for additional 

public information on the Consolidated Plan. 

Every effort will be made to ensure that public hearings are inclusive. Hearings will be held at 

convenient times and locations and in places where people most affected by proposed activities 

can attend. The MFA and DFA will utilize hearing facilities that are accessible to persons with 

mobility impairments. If written notice is given at least seven days before a hearing date, the MFA 

will provide appropriate materials, equipment and interpreting services to facilitate the participation 

of non-English speaking persons and persons with visual and/or hearing impairments. Interpreters 

will be provided at public hearings where a significant number of non-English speaking residents 

can be reasonably expected to participate. All public hearings and public meetings associated with 

the Consolidated Planning process will conform to applicable New Mexico open meetings laws. 

However, the MFA may, at its discretion, actively solicit input on housing and community 

development issues during the course of the year with regional forums, town hall meetings and 

other venues, as they may present themselves. 

Applicants must provide opportunities for public participation in the development of community 

development goals, objectives and applications for funding assistance by undertaking the following 

activities: 

A. Provide for and encourage citizen participation within their areas of jurisdiction with particular 

emphasis on participation by persons of low and moderate income 

B. Provide citizens with reasonable and timely access to local meetings, information, and records 

relating to proposed and actual use of funds 

C. Provide for technical assistance to groups and representatives of low and moderate income 

persons that request assistance in developing proposals 

a. The level and type of assistance is to be determined by the applicant 

D. Provide for public hearings to obtain citizen participation and respond to proposals and 

questions at all stages 

Prior to selecting a project and submitting an application for CDBG funding assistance, eligible 

applicants must conduct at least one public hearing for the following purposes: 

A. To advise citizens of the amount of CDBG funds expected to be made available for the current 

fiscal year 

B. To advise citizens of the range of activities that may be undertaken with CDBG funds 

C. To advise citizens of the estimated amount of CDBG funds proposed to be used for activities 

that will meet the national objective to benefit low and moderate income persons 

D. To advise citizens of the proposed CDBG activities likely to result in displacement and the unit 

of general local government’s anti-displacement and relocations plans 

New Mexico 




E. To obtain recommendations from citizens regarding the community development and housing 

needs of the community 

a. After considering all recommendations and input provided at the public hearing(s), the 

county commission or city/town/village council must select one project for which to submit 

an application for funding assistance at an official public meeting 

b. The applicant must conduct a second public hearing to review program performance, past 

use of funds and make available to the public its community development and housing 

needs including the needs of low and moderate income families and the activities to be 

undertaken to meet such needs 

c. This public hearing may occur subsequent to the submission of the application for funding 

assistance 

d. Public hearing notices must be published in the non-legal section of newspapers or posted 

in a minimum of three prominent places within the project area with reasonable time and 

public access 

e. Evidence of compliance with these regulations must be provided with each application, i.e. 

hearing notice, minutes of these meetings, list of needs, and activities to be undertaken 

f. Amendments to goals, objectives, and applications are also subject to public participation 

F. Provide for timely written answers to written complaint and grievances within 15 working days 

where practicable 

G. Identify how needs of non-English speaking residents will be met in the case of public hearings 

where a significant number of residents can be reasonably expected to participate 

Publication of Consolidated Plan Documents 

The MFA will publish the draft Consolidated Plan for public review in a manner that affords 

citizens, public agencies and other interested parties a reasonable opportunity to examine its 

contents and submit comments. The Draft Plan will be a complete document and shall include: 

• The amount of assistance the State agencies expect to receive and, 

• The range of activities that may be undertaken, including the estimated amount that will benefit 

persons of low and moderate income. 

A succinct summary of the Draft Plan will be published in several newspapers of general circulation 

at the beginning of the public comment period. The summary will describe the contents and 

purpose of the Plan (including a summary of specific objectives) and include a list of the locations 

where copies of the entire proposed Consolidated Plan may be obtained or examined. The 

following are among the locations where copies of the public comment draft will be made 

available for inspection: 

• MFA and DFA offices, 

• MFA website www.housingnm.org 

• DFA website local.nmdfa.state.nm.us 

Citizens and groups may obtain a reasonable number of free copies of the proposed Consolidated 

Plan by contacting the MFA at 505-843-6880, or 1-800-444-6880 statewide toll free, or the 

document may be downloaded from the MFA website, located at http://www.housingnm.org. 

New Mexico 




Citizens and groups may obtain a reasonable number of free discs of the proposal by contacting 

DFA/LGD at 505-827-4975 or at the DFA/LGD website at local.nmdfa.state.nm.us. 

Public Comments on the Draft Consolidated Plan and Annual Action Plans 

The MFA, as lead agency, will receive comments from citizens on its draft plan for a period not less 

than 30 days prior to submission of the Consolidated Plan or Annual Action Plans to HUD. The 

draft plans will be scheduled for release in early fall of each year. 

All comments or views of citizens received in writing during the 30-day comment period will be 

considered in preparing the final Consolidated Plan. A summary of these comments or views and a 

summary of any comments or views not accepted and the reasons therefore shall be attached to the 

final Consolidated Plan. 

Public Notice and Outreach 

An informed citizenry is critical to effective and responsive housing and community development 

programs. Efforts to educate residents and empower their participation are an ongoing element of 

the Consolidated Planning process. 

As the fundamental means of notifying interested citizens about the Consolidated Plan and related 

activities, such as the Annual Action Plan or the Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation 

Report, the MFA will utilize display advertisement notices in newspapers of general circulation. 

Such notices will be published at least 14 calendar days prior to public hearings. All notices will be 

written in plain, simple language and direct efforts will be undertaken to publish and/or post 

information at locations that will elicit maximum low- and moderate-income and minority 

participation. 

Public education and outreach will be facilitated through the use of Public Advertisements that 

describe the Consolidated Planning process, opportunities for citizen participation and available 

funding through the CDBG, ESG, HOME and HOPWA programs. The Consolidated Plan mailing 

list will likely include social service organizations, local jurisdictions, low-income housing 

consumers, neighborhood groups, previous participants and commentators, and others expected to 

desire input on the Plan. This list is updated periodically and is available for inspection at the MFA. 

Technical Assistance 

Groups or individuals interested in obtaining technical assistance to develop project proposals or 

applying for funding assistance through HUD formula grant programs covered by the Consolidated 

Plan may contact the staff of the MFA or, in the case of CDBG funding, the Community 

Development Bureau within the Department of Finance and Administration. Such assistance may 

be of particular use to community development organizations, nonprofit service providers, and forprofit 

and nonprofit housing development groups that serve or represent persons of low and 

moderate income. Pre-application workshops offer basic program information and materials to 

potential project sponsors, and staff from MFA provide in-depth guidance and assistance to 

applicants and program participants on an on-going basis. Emphasis is placed on capacity 

development of community-based organizations. 

New Mexico 




Amendments to the Consolidated Plan 

An amendment to the Consolidated Plan is required whenever the jurisdiction determines to: 

• Substantially change the allocation priorities or its method of distributing HUD formula grant funds; 

• Utilize formula grant funds (including program income) to carry out an activity not previously 

described in the action plan; or 

• Change the purpose, scope, location or beneficiaries of an activity. 

Such changes, prior to their implementation, are reviewed under various federal or local 

requirements, particularly rules on procurement and/or policies on the allocation of public 

resources. Substantial amendments to the Consolidated Plan are, in addition, subject to a formal 

citizen participation process. Notice and the opportunity to comment will be given to citizens 

through public notices in local newspapers and other appropriate means, such as direct mail or 

public meetings. A public comment period of not less than 30 days will be provided prior to 

implementing any substantial amendment to the Consolidated Plan. MFA staff will prepare a 

summary of all comments received in writing and, in cases where any citizens' views are not 

accepted, provide reasons for the decision. This documentation will be attached to the substantial 

amendment, which will be available to the public and submitted to HUD. 

Substantial Amendments 

Occasionally, public comments warrant an amendment to the Consolidated Plan. The criteria for 

whether to amend are referred to by HUD as Substantial Amendment Criteria. The following 

conditions are considered to be “Substantial Amendment Criteria:” 

1. Any change in the described method of distributing funds to local governments or nonprofit 

organizations to carry out activities. Elements of a “method of distribution” are: 

A. Application process; 

B. Allocation among funding activities in excess of 35% of the total current entitlement 

allocation; 

C. Grant size limits; and 

D. Criteria selection. 

2. An administrative decision to reallocate all the funds allocated to an activity in the Action Plan 

to other activities of equal or lesser priority need level, unless the decision is a result of: 

A. Federal government recession of appropriated funds, or appropriations are so much less 

than anticipated that the State makes an administrative decision not to fund one or more 

activities; or 

B. The governor declares a state of emergency and reallocates federal funds to address the 

emergency; or 

C. A unique economic development opportunity arises where the State administration asks 

that federal grants be used to take advantage of the opportunity. 

New Mexico 




Citizen Participation in the Event of a Substantial Amendment. 

In the event of a substantial amendment to the Consolidated Plan, the MFA or DFA or both, 

depending on the nature of the amendment, will conduct at least one additional public hearing. 

This hearing will follow a comment period of no less than 30 days, where the proposed 

substantially amended Consolidated Plan will be made available to interested parties. Citizens will 

be informed of the public hearing through newspaper notification prior to the hearing, and the 

notice will appear in at least one newspaper which is circulated statewide. 

Citizens will be notified of the substantially amended Consolidated Plan’s availability through 

newspaper notification prior to the 30-day substantially amended Consolidated Plan comment 

period. The notification will appear in at least one newspaper that is circulated throughout the 

State. The substantially amended sections of the Consolidated Plan will be available on the MFA 

website, www.housingnm.org, for the full public comment period. 

Citizens and groups may obtain a reasonable number of free discs of the proposal by contacting 

DFA/LGD at 505-827-4972 or at the DFA website at local.nmdfa.state.nm.us. 

Consideration of Public Comments on the Substantially Amended Plan. 

In the event of substantial amendments to the Consolidated Plan, the State will openly consider any 

comments on the substantially amended Consolidated Plan from individuals or groups. Comments 

must be received in writing or at public hearings. A summary of the written and public hearing 

comments on the substantial amendments will be included in the final Consolidated Plan. Also 

included in the final Consolidated Plan will be a summary of all comments not accepted and their 

reasons for dismissal. 

Changes in Federal Funding Level 

Any changes in federal funding level after the Consolidated Plan’s draft comment period has 

expired and the resulting effect on the distribution of funds will not be considered an amendment 

or a substantial amendment. 

Standard Amendments 

“Standard amendments” are those that are not considered substantial in nature and pertain chiefly 

to minor administrative modifications of the programs. Thus they do not require in-depth citizen 

participation. 

Annual Performance Reports 

Performance reports on HOME, ESG and HOPWA programs covered by the Consolidated Plan are 

to be prepared by the MFA for annual submission to HUD within 90 days of the January 1 start of 

each program year. Performance reports for CDBG are to be prepared by DFA for annual 

submission to HUD within 90 days of the January 1 start of each program year. Draft performance 

reports will be made available upon written request. The draft performance report will be available 

New Mexico 




for comment for no less than fifteen (15) days, and any public comments received in writing will be 

reported in an addendum to the final performance report. 

Access to Records 

To the extent allowed by law, interested citizens and organizations shall be afforded reasonable 

and timely access to records covering the preparation of the Consolidated Plan, project evaluation 

and selection, HUD's comments on the Plan and annual performance reports. In addition, materials 

on formula grant programs covered by the Consolidated Plan, including activities undertaken in the 

previous five years, will be made available to any member of the public who requests information 

from the MFA. A complete file of citizen comments will also be available for review by interested 

parties. After receiving notice of HUD's approval of its Consolidated Plan, the MFA will inform 

those on its mailing list of the availability of the final Plan document and of any HUD comments on 

the Plan. 

Complaints and Grievances 

Citizens, administering agencies and other interested parties may submit complaints and grievances 

regarding the Consolidated Plan. Complaints should be in writing, specific in their subject matter, 

and include facts to support allegations. The following are considered to constitute complaints to 

which a response is due: 

• The administering agency has purportedly violated a provision of this Citizen Participation Plan; 

• The administering agency has purportedly violated a provision of federal CDBG, ESG or HOME, or 

HOPWA program regulations; 

• The administering agency, or any of its contractors, has purportedly engaged in questionable 

practices resulting in waste, fraud or mismanagement of any program funds. 

Residents may also present complaints and grievances orally or in writing at the community 

meetings and/or public hearing. All public comments, including complaints and grievances, made 

either orally or in writing within the 30-day public comment period, will be included in the final 

Consolidated Plan. Such complaints or grievances shall be directed to the Consolidated Plan 

representative at the MFA. 

Such complaints or grievances regarding CDBG shall be directed to the Bureau Chief by contacting 

DFA/LGD at 505-827-4975. 

Timely Response to Complaints or Grievances 

Upon receipt of a written complaint, the Consolidated Plan Program representative shall respond to 

the complainant within 15 calendar days and maintain a copy of all related correspondence, which 

will be subject to MFA and DFA review. 

Within 15 calendar days of receiving the complaint, the program manager shall discuss the matter 

with the department manager and respond to the complainant in writing. A copy of the MFA's or 

DFA’s response from the Consolidated Plan representative will be transmitted, concurrently, to the 

complainant and to the MFA and DFA Directors. If, due to unusual circumstances, the 

Consolidated Plan representative finds that it is unable to meet the prescribed time limit, the limit 

New Mexico 




may be extended by written notice to the complainant. The Consolidated Plan representative’s 

notice must include the reason for the extension and the date on which a response is expected to 

be generated, which may be based on the nature and complexity of the complaint. 

Public review materials and performance reports will include data, as appropriate under 

confidentiality regulations, on any written complaints received and how each was resolved. 

Activities Exempt from Substantial Amendment Citizen Participation Requirements 

Urgent Needs 

It may be necessary to amend the Consolidated Plan in the event of an emergency such as a natural 

disaster. These amendments may include funding new activities and/or the reprogramming of 

funds including canceling activities to meet community development needs that have a particular 

urgency. Therefore, the State of New Mexico, acting through the New Mexico Mortgage Finance 

Authority may utilize its HOME funds to meet an urgent need without the normal public comment 

period, which is otherwise required for substantial amendments. The Division of Finance and 

Administration (DFA), through its Community Development Bureau, may administer the CDBG 

funds for urgent needs in a similar fashion. 

To comply with the national objective of meeting community development needs having a 

particular urgency, an activity will alleviate existing conditions that the State of New Mexico 

certifies: 

• Pose a serious and immediate threat to the health and welfare of the community; 

• Are of recent origin or recently became urgent; 

• The State and the MFA or the DFA are unable to finance the activity on its own; or 

• Other resources of funding are not available to carry out the activity. 

A condition will generally be considered to be of recent origin if it is developed or became critical 

within 18 months preceding the MFA’s or DFA’s certification. 

Availability of the Citizen Participation Plan 

Copies of the CPP may be obtained by contacting the MFA website at www.houisngnm.org. Upon 

request, the MFA or DFA will make the Plan available in an alternative format accessible to persons 

with disabilities. 

New Mexico 




New Mexico 



APPENDIX B: ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

The State of New Mexico is required to submit to HUD certification that it is affirmatively furthering 

fair housing. This certification has three elements, which require the state to: 

1. Complete an analysis of impediments to fair housing choice (AI) 

2. Take actions to overcome the effects of any impediments identified through the analysis 

3. Maintain records reflecting the analysis and actions taken 

The New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority (MFA) is the lead agency for HUD housing and 

community development for the State of New Mexico and is therefore the agency responsible for 

conducting the AI. The Department of Finance, Local Governments Division (DFA/LGD) is 

responsible for the community Development Block Grant Program. 

HUD defines impediments to fair housing choice in terms of their applicability to federal law as: 

• Any actions, omissions, or decisions taken because of race, color, religion, sex, disability, 

familial status, or national origin, which restrict housing choices or the availability of housing 

choice. These classes are considered the protected classes or basis. 

• Any actions, omissions, or decisions which have the effect of restricting housing choices or the 

availability of housing choice on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, 

or national origin. 

The AI is a thorough examination of a variety of sources related to housing, affirmatively furthering 

fair housing, the fair housing delivery system, and housing transactions affecting people who are 

protected under fair housing law. AI sources include Census and home mortgage industry data, 

surveys of housing industry experts and stakeholders, and public fair housing forums. 

This AI was created through an active and involved public input and review process, via direct 

contact with stake holders, mass distribution of announcements about opportunities for public 

involvement, public forums to collect input from citizens, distribution of draft reports for citizen 

review, and a formal presentation of findings. The MFA continually availed itself to receive 

perspective, commentary, and input from all walks of life and citizens throughout New Mexico. 

IMPEDIMENTS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE 

The 2010 Analysis of Impediments for the State of New Mexico uncovered several issues that can 

be considered barriers to affirmatively furthering fair housing and, consequently, impediments to 

fair housing choice. These issues are as follows: 

A. Lack of understanding of fair housing, including: 

1. Lack of knowledge of fair housing laws by both housing consumers and providers; 

2. Lack of awareness and use of fair housing complaint system; 

3. Lack of understanding of differences between affirmatively furthering fair housing, 

affordable housing production, and rights and responsibilities in the landlord/tenant 

transaction. 

B. Discrimination in the rental markets, particularly against the following protected classes: 

1. Disability, especially failure to make reasonable accommodation; 

New Mexico 



Appendix B: Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 

2. Race; 

3. National origin; 

4. Familial status. 

C. High loan denial rates for racial and ethnic minorities. 

D. Greater proportion of high interest rate loans for racial and ethnic minorities, leading to greater 

risk for foreclosure. 

E. Limited role of the New Mexico Human Rights Bureau. 

F. Land-use and development practices may leave units of local government open to criticism for 

not operating in the spirit of affirmatively furthering fair housing. 

SUGGESTED ACTIONS TO CONSIDER 

In response to these listed impediments, the State of New Mexico should consider taking the 

following actions: 

A. Enhance understanding of fair housing by: 

1. Orchestrating fair housing education opportunities such as online presentations or seminars 

for the following groups: 

a. Housing consumers and the general public, 

b. Housing stakeholders such as property managers, lenders and others involved with the 

provision of housing. 

2. Increasing awareness of the complaint system through distribution of flyers or brochures to 

include information regarding: 

a. Protected classes under state and federal law, 

b. Types of discriminatory issues, 

c. How to file a complaint. 

3. Enhancing understanding of what constitutes affirmatively furthering fair housing by 

organizing required training for: 

a. Representatives of MFA and DFA; 

b. Representatives of MFA and DFA HOME and CDBG grantees. 

B. Improve understanding of credit markets through enhanced homebuyer training. Topics should 

include: 

1. How to establish and keep good credit; 

2. How to recognize the attributes of a predatory loan. 

C. Engage the Human Rights Bureau (HRB) in an enhanced fair housing dialogue to include: 

1. Offering more expansive fair housing activities such as: 

a. Investigative services including testing and enforcement; 

b. Educational and training opportunities for both providers and consumers of affordable 

housing products. 

2. Assisting in distributing materials for the HRB, so that both housing consumers and 

providers better understand where to turn for fair housing assistance. 

3. Encouraging the HRB to become a HUD-designated substantially equivalent agency, 

thereby allowing the HRB to receive funds through HUD for education, outreach, testing 

and enforcement. 

D. Explore the possibility of assisting in the creation of a HUD Fair Housing Initiative Program 

(FHIP) recipient in the State of New Mexico to increase outreach, education and related fair 

housing activities. 

New Mexico 




COMMITMENT TO FAIR HOUSING 

In accordance with the applicable statutes and regulations governing the consolidated plan, MFA 

and DFA certify that they will affirmatively further fair housing. This means that the MFA has 

conducted an AI within the state, will take appropriate actions to overcome the effects of any 

impediments identified through that analysis, and maintain records reflecting that analysis and 

actions in this regard. While the MFA and DFA takes seriously the responsibility for the above, the 

MFA and DFA currently lack the authority to solve all these problems alone. The task of 

eliminating the impediments to fair housing rests on many shoulders and the MFA and DFA will 

help to facilitate these responsibilities for all residents of New Mexico. 

New Mexico 




New Mexico 



APPENDIX C: ADDITIONAL PLAN DATA 

Year 

Earnings 

Table C.1 

Total Full- and Part-Time Employment and Real Personal Income 


BEA Data, 1969 - 2008, 2009 Dollars 

Social 

Security 

Contributions 

1,000s of 2009 Dollars 

Residents 

Adjustments 

Dividends, 

Interest, 

Rents 

Transfer 

Payments 

Personal 

Income 

Per 

Capita 

Income 

Total 

Employment 

Average 

Real 

Earnings 

Per Job 

1969 11,909,890 723,357 -103,057 1,708,028 1,239,146 14,030,650 13,877 394,799 30,169 

1970 12,291,534 735,822 -99,958 1,803,450 1,469,112 14,728,316 14,396 398,899 30,815 

1971 12,832,090 809,658 -94,467 1,916,426 1,624,715 15,469,107 14,687 416,073 30,840 

1972 13,856,348 909,347 -81,774 2,045,148 1,739,867 16,650,241 15,448 440,381 31,465 

1973 14,797,996 1,104,202 -67,045 2,183,056 1,951,627 17,761,432 16,085 460,680 32,122 

1974 15,129,447 1,175,628 -55,225 2,355,165 2,150,582 18,404,341 16,293 478,009 31,651 

1975 15,608,413 1,199,292 -41,123 2,422,888 2,414,227 19,205,114 16,517 490,785 31,802 

1976 16,660,439 1,301,505 -38,140 2,531,271 2,553,731 20,405,796 17,075 512,389 32,516 

1977 17,785,799 1,399,330 -32,118 2,703,185 2,529,087 21,586,623 17,619 538,969 32,999 

1978 19,145,848 1,536,147 -29,547 2,965,677 2,593,025 23,138,856 18,483 568,233 33,694 

1979 19,944,813 1,673,524 -23,668 3,227,887 2,762,620 24,238,127 18,927 592,146 33,682 

1980 20,058,983 1,701,618 -8,062 3,716,489 3,011,592 25,077,383 19,153 597,040 33,597 

1981 20,458,710 1,880,587 -30,464 4,318,853 3,147,339 26,013,851 19,519 610,846 33,493 

1982 20,535,712 1,927,598 -33,790 4,956,539 3,261,965 26,792,829 19,645 619,089 33,172 

1983 20,960,262 1,973,061 -25,800 5,334,038 3,430,465 27,725,905 19,885 631,355 33,198 

1984 22,148,177 2,139,290 -10,808 5,699,183 3,532,644 29,229,907 20,633 655,141 33,806 

1985 23,119,092 2,267,320 1,503 6,138,955 3,673,525 30,665,755 21,320 674,150 34,294 

1986 23,262,334 2,315,816 14,359 6,339,732 3,868,432 31,169,040 21,309 679,909 34,213 

1987 23,644,243 2,324,423 38,970 6,336,464 3,976,170 31,671,424 21,422 698,586 33,846 

1988 24,190,454 2,475,136 56,585 6,417,050 4,116,326 32,305,278 21,676 733,303 32,988 

1989 24,666,120 2,544,616 66,923 6,667,935 4,413,622 33,269,984 22,122 748,614 32,950 

1990 25,499,001 2,771,008 77,185 6,858,171 4,629,682 34,293,031 22,537 761,396 33,489 

1991 26,401,815 2,901,699 93,689 6,991,246 4,990,667 35,575,718 22,873 784,294 33,663 

1992 27,739,642 3,014,498 115,020 6,946,704 5,424,078 37,210,946 23,323 796,829 34,812 

1993 29,346,747 3,185,513 138,670 7,074,861 5,755,338 39,130,103 23,912 825,122 35,567 

1994 30,600,483 3,394,801 159,182 7,669,519 6,061,096 41,095,479 24,426 856,994 35,707 

1995 31,904,727 3,562,731 172,911 8,089,260 6,517,855 43,122,022 25,065 898,187 35,521 

1996 32,380,007 3,601,749 195,612 8,714,876 6,969,983 44,658,730 25,485 908,725 35,632 

1997 33,506,190 3,711,174 222,260 9,000,745 6,993,465 46,011,487 25,924 922,830 36,308 

1998 35,276,408 3,849,650 247,674 9,534,108 7,277,909 48,486,449 27,035 938,675 37,581 

1999 35,989,133 3,937,145 279,043 9,152,436 7,609,761 49,093,228 27,152 942,689 38,177 

2000 37,593,820 4,069,881 305,229 9,557,238 7,912,770 51,299,175 28,175 964,673 38,970 

2001 40,267,350 4,275,759 301,602 9,974,878 8,633,545 54,901,616 30,028 968,929 41,559 

2002 41,054,865 4,400,491 300,027 8,917,429 9,353,333 55,225,164 29,868 979,946 41,895 

2003 42,248,192 4,504,867 301,532 8,347,478 9,769,244 56,161,580 30,067 999,286 42,279 

2004 44,017,582 4,616,027 294,881 8,673,591 10,138,890 58,508,918 30,969 1,023,303 43,016 

2005 45,229,622 4,742,840 301,357 9,399,709 10,565,312 60,753,161 31,760 1,046,746 43,209 

2006 46,671,248 5,025,866 311,048 9,916,684 11,143,876 63,016,989 32,518 1,076,098 43,371 

2007 47,262,957 5,147,932 338,350 11,194,905 11,653,217 65,301,497 33,242 1,100,456 42,949 

2008 48,071,714 5,332,536 347,764 11,262,410 12,778,864 67,128,216 33,829 1,117,433 43,020 

New Mexico 



Appendix C. Additional Plan Data 

Table C.2 

Labor Force Statistics 


BLS Data, 1990 - 2009 

Year 

Labor 

Force 

Employment 

Unemployment 

Unemployment 

Rate 

1990 711,891 663,698 48,193 6.8 

1991 719,243 667,698 51,545 7.2 

1992 735,447 680,463 54,984 7.5 

1993 755,053 700,258 54,795 7.3 

1994 776,827 725,387 51,440 6.6 

1995 798,621 744,557 54,064 6.8 

1996 812,862 751,826 61,036 7.5 

1997 822,627 768,596 54,031 6.6 

1998 835,879 783,661 52,218 6.2 

1999 839,988 793,052 46,936 5.6 

2000 852,293 810,024 42,269 5.0 

2001 863,682 821,003 42,679 4.9 

2002 871,512 823,191 48,321 5.5 

2003 888,468 835,835 52,633 5.9 

2004 901,833 849,970 51,863 5.8 

2005 913,453 866,349 47,104 5.2 

2006 930,832 892,336 38,496 4.1 

2007 941,554 908,557 32,997 3.5 

2008 961,259 918,041 43,218 4.5 

2009 955,904 887,358 68,546 7.2 

New Mexico 




Table C.3 

Full- and Part-Time Employment by Industry 


BEA Data, 2000-2008 

NAICS Categories 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 

% 

Change 

00-08 

Farm employment 21,910 24,355 20,845 22,838 22,619 23,262 22,829 25,794 24,532 12.0 

Forestry, fishing, related activities, and 

other 

5,489 5,163 5,096 4,979 5,181 5,239 5,136 5,167 5,410 -1.4 

Mining 19,016 19,612 17,957 18,576 19,245 21,171 23,726 24,865 27,555 44.9 

Utilities 4,303 4,249 4,078 4,114 4,040 4,075 4,121 4,450 4,532 5.3 

Construction 60,690 63,293 61,864 64,135 68,382 73,978 79,826 80,573 79,641 31.2 

Manufacturing 46,979 45,621 43,908 41,544 40,542 41,106 42,710 42,732 41,611 -11.4 

Wholesale trade 28,526 27,801 27,232 26,633 27,285 28,377 29,288 29,116 29,399 3.1 

Retail trade 113,080 110,010 111,167 112,445 114,169 116,097 116,750 118,932 119,843 6.0 

Transportation and warehousing 24,905 23,977 24,229 24,158 24,961 25,321 25,953 27,443 27,691 11.2 

Information 18,033 19,438 18,578 17,927 17,163 17,299 18,445 18,863 18,936 5.0 

Finance and insurance 31,613 30,848 31,251 31,544 31,769 32,039 32,172 33,567 34,575 9.4 

Real estate and rental and leasing 29,635 29,363 30,229 31,922 34,715 38,209 40,313 42,303 45,629 54.0 

Professional and technical services 59,258 59,391 59,834 62,534 65,461 66,337 73,827 81,492 83,672 41.2 

Management of companies and 

enterprises 

5,810 6,049 6,129 5,440 5,354 6,354 6,425 6,084 5,663 -2.5 

Administrative and waste services 51,414 53,226 54,229 53,292 54,598 55,224 58,489 60,352 60,954 18.6 

Educational services 11,703 11,853 12,765 13,932 14,888 15,384 15,919 16,072 16,762 43.2 

Health care and social assistance 88,903 87,694 94,469 99,899 103,691 105,151 108,016 111,576 115,883 30.3 

Arts, entertainment, and recreation 19,382 18,646 19,994 20,376 20,987 21,463 21,795 22,867 23,887 23.2 

Accommodation and food services 73,897 76,263 77,972 79,682 80,465 81,343 84,403 85,211 84,138 13.9 

Other services, except public 

administration 

47,803 46,919 49,213 49,699 50,224 50,665 51,679 53,141 54,435 13.9 

Government and government enterprises 202,324 205,158 208,907 213,617 217,564 218,652 214,276 209,856 212,685 5.1 

Total 964,673 968,929 979,946 999,286 1,023,303 1,046,746 1,076,098 1,100,456 1,117,433 15.8 

New Mexico Draft Report for Public Review 



Table C.4 

Real Earnings Per Job by Industry 


BEA Data, 2000-2008, 2009 Dollars 

NAICS Categories 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 

% 

Change 

00-08 

Farm employment 30,559 39,107 31,182 28,683 43,311 39,367 28,046 33,438 33,494 9.6 

Forestry, fishing, related activities, and 

other 

19,617 25,243 23,219 22,215 22,643 21,582 23,073 21,457 20,935 6.7 

Mining 72,284 73,894 70,773 74,141 72,695 74,011 80,739 72,211 74,790 3.5 

Utilities 78,883 88,417 87,885 87,180 90,366 89,625 92,685 91,797 96,219 22.0 

Construction 46,631 46,708 45,808 46,334 46,179 44,743 44,060 43,247 43,076 -7.6 

Manufacturing 53,598 54,235 53,987 56,124 56,296 56,171 57,558 58,387 56,918 6.2 

Wholesale trade 44,432 48,554 49,866 49,915 50,011 49,531 50,927 53,052 53,868 21.2 

Retail trade 26,988 29,184 29,554 30,062 29,996 29,748 29,783 29,498 29,060 7.7 

Transportation and warehousing 45,940 47,894 46,562 48,114 50,195 51,097 50,915 49,664 49,166 7.0 

Information 44,163 45,755 46,586 48,183 48,423 47,933 48,297 47,028 48,854 10.6 

Finance and insurance 39,217 49,364 49,302 49,181 48,849 49,783 52,923 48,701 46,688 19.0 

Real estate and rental and leasing 16,291 23,832 24,649 22,185 21,808 20,802 18,863 15,964 13,667 -16.1 

Professional and technical services 51,432 56,099 56,694 57,710 57,402 58,778 62,320 62,881 62,098 20.7 

Management of companies and 

enterprises 

59,416 62,950 61,511 63,209 65,947 64,498 62,622 65,655 65,288 9.9 

Administrative and waste services 27,329 29,703 29,986 30,741 30,731 31,622 31,558 31,090 31,336 14.7 

Educational services 21,980 23,843 23,759 23,553 25,355 25,044 24,453 24,981 25,455 15.8 

Health care and social assistance 35,098 38,980 39,583 40,104 40,989 41,741 42,191 41,757 42,248 20.4 

Arts, entertainment, and recreation 16,040 18,054 17,292 17,176 15,348 14,897 14,689 14,344 14,207 -11.4 

Accommodation and food services 19,021 19,309 19,630 19,734 19,889 20,020 19,878 20,139 20,691 8.8 

Other services, except public 

administration 

32,934 30,373 32,820 32,348 32,949 33,516 33,316 32,717 33,111 0.5 

Government and government enterprises 50,937 53,031 55,530 56,140 57,642 58,549 58,244 58,372 59,099 16.0 

Total 38,971 41,559 41,895 42,278 43,015 43,210 43,371 42,949 43,020 10.4 

New Mexico Draft Report for Public Review 



Income 

Table C.5 

2000 Households by Income by Tenure 


Elderly 


Small 

Family 

Owner 

Large 

Family 

Other 

Non- 

Family 

Total 

30% AMI or less 14,120 11,910 4,660 8,445 39,135 

30.1-50% AMI 16,620 14,230 6,040 6,175 43,065 

50.1-80% AMI 23,120 28,525 11,670 9,990 73,305 

80.1-95% AMI 8,750 15,110 5,065 5,155 34,080 


Total 122,375 226,190 59,240 66,640 474,445 

Renter 

30% AMI or less 7,565 15,680 4,165 15,930 43,340 

30.1-50% AMI 6,170 13,855 4,040 11,920 35,985 

50.1-80% AMI 5,080 17,235 5,050 15,135 42,500 

80.1-95% AMI 1,565 7,065 1,510 6,200 16,340 


Total 26,910 83,640 19,985 73,005 203,540 

Total 

30% AMI or less 21,685 27,590 8,825 24,375 82,475 

30.1-50% AMI 22,790 28,085 10,080 18,095 79,050 

50.1-80% AMI 28,200 45,760 16,720 25,125 115,805 

80.1-95% AMI 10,315 22,175 6,575 11,355 50,420 


Total 149,285 309,830 79,225 139,645 677,985 

New Mexico 




Table C.6 

What additional barriers or constraints are present to the enhancement of affordable housing 



Comments 

Adjudicate New Mexico Water Rights, Standardize Green Build Specs. 

affordable land is on the outskirts, public transportation is not really available. 

Affordable housing of any type is lacking tremendously in our area. 

aggressively increase lenders who will provide financing and rid MFA of the bait and switch brokers 

Albuquerque has services for those in need and not much room for future growth. It is also expensive to buy and build. Rio Rancho, 

for example, has almost no services for those in need yet it has ample room to build at much less expense than in Albuquerque. 

Change peoples ideas about where to build affordable, supported housing. 

An agency that will monitor and ENFORCE minimum code requirements for landlords and provide an avenue for renters to pursue 

assistance from an agency when the landlord will not comply with the minimum requirements without fear of retaliation. 

An entity that provides low income housing, including non-profits should not have to pay the permit fees or impact fees, it is a 

priority for the local government in any jurisdiction 

Any of the above could be a constraint in New Mexico. The constraints vary by community. More rural areas have lower land costs, 

but cost of materials and labor availability and lack of qualified builders may be barriers. Subsidies and a pool of builders capable of 

working in smaller communities would help. Construction education to build local capacity is also a possible solution - problem with 

that is that if the community only needs a few homes a year, it's hard to make a living at it. In bigger cities, land costs may be an 

issue. Tools like those in the Affordable Housing and Metropolitan Redevelopment Acts that enable government assistance in 

writing down the cost of land help. Building codes can be a barrier for renovation, especially conversions of downtown properties to 

residential - I'm thinking mostly of downtown buildings here. Code revisions may help as long as public health and safety aren't 

affected. NIMBYism is a problem for higher density housing. If builders had to meet design and other quality standards and if the 

properties were well managed, this might not be as much of an issue. Projects like Sawmill are fabulous, but there were extensive 

subsidies involved in that project. Smaller communities do not have money to invest that much in a project. The cost issues are a 

difficult balance of cost and quality. The management should be pushed harder if it's a problem. Albuquerque's code enforcement 

teams are a good solution for the worst properties. Education for rental property owners and their managers is another possible 

solution. MFA could track the performance of certain builders and use their performance as a criterion for future tax credit or other 

programs. Infrastructure capacity is another issue in some communities and neighborhoods. Helping local governments with 

capital improvements planning is important, and also helping with self-sufficiency through local tax structures and financing. The 

smallest communities are going to have a hard time funding large projects, but the State has been doing a good job of working with 

communities on capital projects planning and with private utilities systems on setting appropriate rate structures. 

apply for more federal grants, below interest rate financing 

Area this person responded to pertains to Trust Land 

As a nation we need to help the Builders, Contractors in the housing market to be able to obtain financing and to start building 

affordable homes and other agencies need help in obtaining grants from the US Government and not rely on the Big Builders and 

Big Banks of back east. 

better oversight-aggressive outreach -information, better outreach to qualify and serve population 

better roads and more by-passes at the perimeters 

Build more ADA compliant housing that will be affordable and manageable for people to apply to. 

build more low income housing 

Can't afford to live in these apartments. 

capital 

Change in zoning laws to allow for high density, affordable housing is residential areas - both infill in downtown areas and in 

suburban areas. To counteract NIMBYism from neighborhood groups, perhaps programs could be developed that would 

combine affordable for sale and rental housing with other services that communities need, either parks and open space, or social 

services, schools, etc. Additional subsidies to project developer to bring down the cost of land to build affordable housing, 

especially in high cost cities like Santa Fe. Some subsidies do exist that can flow to the builder of affordable homes, but not 

necessarily to the project developer so that developer can decrease the cost of the land, allowing lots to be developed for affordable 


Co-op the costs of land and materials with other agents 

Condition of rental housing- address issues with property owners 

Condition of rental housing--Making landlords adhere to better standards of rental housing. 

Condition of rental housing. More funding 

Construction cost - increase affordable housing programs. Lack of qualified builders and contractors - construction training 

programs. 

Construction cost is expensive and cannot be done and the property remain affordable unless we become a contractor ourselves 

Construction material prices are at an all time high. With the influx of out of area land purchasers the costs have increased so that 

local residents cannot afford to buy. Local wages have not increased as housing costs have risen. When purchasing land in rural 

areas the owner must put in a costly septic and well system. Oftentimes these expenses are more than the price of the land. 

New Mexico 




construction cost- self building programs such as the H.E.L.P. 

Contractors be allowed a "reasonable" profit--so they will be encouraged to build these projects. 

coops 

Cost of Land Overcome it by negotiating with real estate agencies and land owners 

Cost of land - expand infrastructure Impact Fees - eliminate all impact fees it is a flawed tool to control growth NIMBYism need 

performance based zoning that cannot be over turned by special interest groups Energy codes - must be brought back to reason 

Lack of water / sewer - infrastructure - need to expand methods of funding to allow private / public participation 

Cost of land. convince landowners that their land is not worth as much 

cost of land/ affordable land-I don't see a solution to this. I just see land continuing to go up in price. Lack of water/sewer systems- I 

see more money being spent on these. The state or federal governments need to invest in dams, water pipelines, use of brackish 

sources of water instead of wasteful spending on pet projects. Lack of other infrastructure- Most of NM cities need better planning 

and maintenance of streets, street lights, state highway. Low income level- We need to be able to recruit more industry with higher 

paying jobs. 

Cost of material and labor have priced new homes out of the market for most people. Residents are struggling to make renovations. 

Assistance to help renovate existing homes is needed for the low-income residents or the elderly on fixed incomes. Job creation is 

needed to put individuals back to work and that will stimulate the economy. 

Cost of materials - I don't know Cost of land - tax donation offset Lack of land - demolish structures to make available Condition of 

rental housing - Landlord controls 

Cost of materials - Purchasing on an as need bases, but getting a bulk rate deal for the entire purchase. Lack of qualified 

contractor- recruiting more New Mexican Contractor who can compete with out of state big business. Lack of affordable landnegotiate 

with the city to provide subsidized developed lots Permit process - educated the city about the need to streamline the 

permit process to keep affordable development affordable. Density -convince the city that higher density help in developing 

affordable housing. NIMBYism- Educate the surrounding community thought open meetings and written communications. 

Condition of rental housing- convince landlords that upkeep of their rentals is beneficial to both the renter and themselves. 

Cost of Materials - The best way to overcome it would be to purchase and store materials for several projects at one time - allowing 

builders access to lower cost materials as they work on these projects. 

Cost of materials and labor: Need funding to cover the costs. 

Cost of Materials: Centralize and pool purchasing materials. Cost of Land: Get real, the real estate market is down so should open 

land be down, too many people trying to get rich instantly. Impact Fees: Are a joke, so are the federal environmental requirements 

and paperwork. Condition of Rental Housing: Need funding for rehabbing old houses in NM, family owns land and cannot afford 

rehab cost. 

Create a permitting process that is sustainable without months of hoops to jump. 

Dense housing - build up not out 

developing public support for those with housing barriers 

Downsize government oversight, streamline the process, and ensure poor people are most priority in getting them quality homes at 

cheap price. 

economic development, jobs for New Mexico, emphasis on trades 

Education and incentives to build accessible, affordable, integrated housing. We have plenty of transitional and supportive housing. 

Housing should not segregate people or be attached to services. Enough og 811 projects. the PHAs need to be proactive and less 

apathetic or be replaced with ones who are! 

eliminate city process's 

enforce the fair housing act and the nm human rights statute. provide public education. train lenders, realtors, landlords, tenants, 

developers, and all other housing sectors in the law. 

engage mrcog with housing developers for a subsidized transportation program 

Farmington New Mexico is more concerned about profit and keeping the people with more money housed than those who may look 

bad on their town and does not provide affordable rental housing. They have no caps on rent and do not care what a house looks 

like. It could literally be a runned down shack and would still rent for $800 a month. They are more focused on rehabilitation housing 

for drug addicts who reoffend. They are more worried about making sure it is not in their back yard vs. homelessness. If you don't 

see it then it does not exist in their eyes. They housing authority needs more compassionate workers and accept more vouchers for 

this area. There needs to be more affordable housing. Someone earning 674 a month also needs a place to live, clothes on their 

back and food in their home. 

finding land that is affordable and reasonable local material costs 

focus economic development on making construction attractive to outside companies 

for "cost of" or fees issues low cost loans or subsidized services for low income e residents 

For all - lower costs with incentives to developers for mixed income usage. Educate public about cost savings and effectiveness of 

such scatter sites. Reduce paperwork and steps required by zoning processes. 

for all the barriers, we need more unity among the players; too often programs seem ad hoc, without a big picture mission and 

enforcement of that mission 

For rural areas of NM, use economic development strategies to invite more industry and economic growth. This will have a positive 

effect on housing development. 

funding - rental assistance and gap (grant) sources to construction/rehabilitate rental housing 

Funding from federal government to meet the need. 

Funds directed to municipalities for upgrading or expanding infrastructure. 

Have more rental housing available for disabled and low income. A huge need for housing for people with mental problems who 

need a structured living arrangement. Now all they have is jail 

New Mexico 




Help educate home builders and creating jobs for them. 

Help rental property owners upgrade their apartments. 

higher wages 

Housing costs in Taos are high and often prohibitive in multiple respects. The town and potential buyers of affordable homes should 

have options such as affordable town homes and/or condos that reduce per unit costs by conserving materials and increasing 

densities on the land. MFA should push the Town to include such properties in the Chamisa Verde affordable housing subdivision's 

next phase. The sense is that most locals don't wish to live in such close proximity to their neighbors, but if the homes are well 

designed and attractive, I'm certain there's a market. It also ties in well with the Smart Growth plan for Chamisa Verde. 

housing for people who have disabilities or not can have a yard to grow their own vegetables, or flowers, or even have a small pet, 

or all of them. people need to get out of the house and enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. which will in turn give the something to look 

forward too, and I feel that it is very therapeutic both mental and physically 

I don't have the time to answer how these can be overcome 

I don't know how to overcome some of these. Maybe for fees, permitting, and zoning, directly seek waivers (for human services 

programs) from City and County governments. 

I don’t know 

I speak to an Indian reservation problem. We need to privatize housing and its development. 

I think the largest barrier is funds liquidity for commercial and residential loans. Excessive government regulation 

I'm not sure how you overcome costs. Permitting and impact fee issues are local government issues that typically don't respond to 

issues of the poor, disabled, etc. NIMBYism could be overcome with public awareness campaigns. 

Impact fees should be waived for affordable housing 

Impacts fees on the westside Albuquerque are to high 

In late September, 2009, the New Mexico Business Weekly published an "opinion" submitted by the local architect firm of Dekker, 

Perich & Sabatini which promoted passing a tax Bond with which to build oh, about, 350 "affordable" dwellings to mitigate a problem 

in the proportion of about 52,000 families that need "affordable" dwellings in our city. Below, is the unpublished "op-ed" that was 

submitted to the NMBW regarding that article, which I believe highlights pertinent significant parts of the problem. 

In New Mexico it is difficult to find competent and trained labor. Recommend we pay better wages for more training and experience 

and provide incentives for finishing the work early. Recommend government agencies review their policies and paperwork 

requirements in order to expedite funding and payment to contractors, subs, suppliers, etc. 

It might help it if all the Government red tape was cut down. 

Its political. Publicize the extent of problem to be addressed. 

Keeping the public aware of activities concerning low-income housing and the need for ti. That the activity benefits everyone and 

their neighborhoods. Home rehab revitalizes neighborhoods and creates a better atmosphere for all. 

Lack of available and affordable land. Working with BLM and State land office to release land for housing needs. 

Lack of funding 

Lack of housing quality standards - regulation and subsidies only for those meeting standards 

Lack of Infrastructure - Indian lands has no funding opportunities and should be comparative to non-Indian land funding. Federal 

Trust responsibility is inadequate to meet needs. 

Lack of laborers, lack of infrastructure available for growth lack of affordable housing and rentals 

Lack of mobile home contractors for rehab 

Lack of nearby services: Apply for grants/loans to hire service coordinators; engage non-profit agencies, meet with city planners 

Lack of qualified builders - training for people in trades. Permitting process is cumbersome - streamline and require timed response 

from agencies. Lenders need to be willing to use regulations to build housing - not to try to prevent the building of it. Federal monies 

come with too many caveats and restraints. 

lack of qualified contractors - more enforcement 

Lack of services- so many areas are not convenient to day to day needs. The public transportation system does not work effectively 

(closed on holidays, short run times in certain areas) not good for the disabled. stops to far apart with no real shelters from the 

weather elements. Rental housing through out this city is horrible. Landlords renting units/homes with so many code violations and 

safety concerns. Many would never pass a react or city housing inspection, nor a housing code enforcement inspection. People with 

low incomes feel they have no choices. 

LACK OF WATER AND SEWER SYSTEMS, GET COMMUNITIES METHODS TO PROVIDE EXTENSIONS AND 

INFRASTRUCTURE 

lack of water and sewer. Need for more regional systems in the rural areas of the state 

Lack of water/sewer systems--work with local govts and political subdivisions to build infrastructure. Lack of other infrastructure-- 

roads, flood control and other utilities-work with local governments and utilities to build infrastructure. 

Lack of willing developers, incentives, demonstrated community experience of positive impact 

Land banking 

Land costs are determined by the market, the market is slowly becoming more realistic. 

Land is not affordable in this area which makes bids for jobs higher, meaning the owner would have to charge more to make a profit. 

Price of land must be addressed. 

lengthy and cumbersome process needs more collaboration and efficiency among the various funders 

Let the firefighters practice a controlled burn of old buildings, which could offer a savings for the city on 2 counts. Have more 

qualified contractors be accountable for work they provide. We just had an election, so maybe some of the old ideas of no progress 

will change. I have sought places to donate old building materials and appliances for resale to help fund Habitat for Humanity, no 

store exist in Southern NM like the one in Albuquerque, (Restore) 

New Mexico 




local land use codes make building expensive, builders can't get financing 

Local, energy efficient materials production Train people in prison for real jobs Builders tend not to be in rural NM Land costs-- 

Build neighborhoods Good NIMBY info Renewal only Better transit 

Low-interest loans or grants would address the condition of rental housing and improve housing quality. Not sure how to improve 

access to medical and behavioral health services in rural area. 

lower labor costs through private or government program for builders that build low cost, well built, water conserving and energy 

efficient homes as a certain percentage of total construction projects in a year 

Make housing affordable for HOMELESS FAMILIES. Affordable housing for homeless families is not affordable for someone with 

no income 

Many of the available rental housing that is within the FMR guidelines is not adequate to pass housing inspections. These homes 

are old and landlords are not willing to update them for minimal rents. 

Many sub-standard houses are too expensive to rehab, and should be razed & Rebuilt. Exist programs don't allow sufficient funds, 

per house, for this. 

Materials, cost and lack of infrastructure. Make broad and deep concessions tax based to the private sector to improve these areas. 

NO STATE administered programs. 

Money - do not know, taxes too high as we write this, need to cut spending in all areas we will be broke as a country in years. we 

cannot afford to do everything we 'should' do. focus on economic development 

More builders to build affordable housing 

more construction money 

More financing and public education that the term "affordable" currently does NOT mean it is actually affordable to low-income 

persons - such as those whose only income is SSI or SSDI monthly benefits 

More information provided by the local Housing Authority and the involvement of the Director in the community. 

More openess on the part of city fathers and real estate businesses. They are more interested in helping themselves than in helping 

the housing needs in the community. 

nearby services would be improved with economic development 

need to allow other builders into the state so their is more competition, current builders do not bid competitively. cost of construction 

was about 50% higher than in other states 

Nimby'ism--Education 

NIMBYism Education 

NIMBYism - more public education 

NIMBYism could be overcome with concerted efforts to involve neighborhoods in the process. Educate neighborhood residents 

about the need for affordable housing, the guidelines employed for selecting occupants of affordable housing, and recourse the 

neighbors might have if those occupants are less than desirable. This could be done by working with neighborhood associations and 

establishing unique venues for town-hall style meetings. 

NIMBYism might be deflected if affordable housing is dispersed throughout community, not clustered in one area. 

No comment 

No solution to bringing builders to rural NM that I can suggest. 

Not enough funds to cover all of the needs 

Not familiar enough with this area 

Offer multiple jobs to a contractor for a lower price per job. They discount their fee but are ensured they will receive multiple jobs, 

which ensures job security. 

Old rental housing in poor condition: utilize labor from potential tenants, under supervision from skilled construction workers, to 

retrofit, renovate 

Other (political will) Educate elected and appointed officials on how housing deficiencies prevent economic development and "safe 

community" realization. 

Other building codes - work to keep the codes and regulations associated with affordable housing to a standard that is less than, or 

equal to, codes and standards that single family home developers are held to. 

Perception that a publicly funded housing project requires an act of congress to happen in NM. 

permitting process - we need regulatory reform 

Permitting process often appears to be very arbitrary. The new subsidized housing on Lomas and the projects closer to downtown 

do not have easy access to grocery stores, etc. if you don't have a car. 

Political Will. Bring together city/county/private non-profits/advocacy groups and talk solutions. 

possible land banks and housing trust funds, education 

Provide fee incentives for affordable housing. NIMBYism - increase high density zoning. Require it as a portion all future Master 

Plans. Increase multi-zoned hubs which incorporate housing, employment, and services. 

provide financing! 

Provide incentives for contractors to build affordable housing without such a burden on tracking and ensuring affordability for 20 

years. Municipalities want to assist but do not have the ability to manage housing stock and tracking of sales for affordability. 

Housing Authorities are the best solution. 

provide legislation to prohibit gross receipt tax on affordable housing. 

provide more awareness and outreach and provide flexibility in programs. In addition, we need to develop partnerships to end up 

with quality housing. 

Provide nonprofit organization with funding to do site acquisition and development that can be revolved into new projects. 

Put some teeth in State law on substandard housing, especially for offenses by low rent landlords putting people in dangerous 

New Mexico 





qualified contractors: more training programs in high schools and community colleges Land costs and availability: demolish 

structures, allow more density water: mandate more conservation Infrastructure: invest in infrastructure 

Quality standards-more in depth building inspections, removal of the "good old boy system" 

Redistribute the financial burden of affordable housing so that it does not cripple the development or construction industries, which 

create all ranges of housing. Incentivize the private sector adequately to "invest" in the solution. 

reduce bureaucratic government costs. nothing you can do about land costs. 

Reduce cost of land in San Juan County. The cost versus "average household income" has a huge separation 

Reduce the red tape involved in the construction process and the costs of infrastructure 

Rental Subsidies for Supportive Housing 

Rio Arriba residents live within a low income standard with cost of home ownership being higher than most individuals can afford. 

We need to do a better job at educating, providing the tools son people can be self supporting. The City of Espanola and Co of Rio 

Arriba officials need to have key people help them understand and be pro-business development in the area. Develop the types of 

businesses that will challenge residents to get an education for higher wages so they could afford better housing. 

Rural market rents don't allow adequate payback for loans. Need additional grant funds to allow for construction of apts in small 

towns. 

Set standards for housing affordable by families earning 20 percent of median income. Empower families by providing direct 

subsidies to assist with monthly mortgage payments for purchase of housing meeting affordability standards. 

Simplify the permitting process. 

Since so many barriers involve costs, unless people in New Mexico are paid better so that they can meet purchase or rental prices, 

cost cutting ways for contractors are always on the radar. You can't buy anything, contractors and purchasers alike, without having 

the money to do so. 

small business assistance to incubate builders / contractors 

Some permits are pretty high. The lot size are pretty small for what the codes want us to build. The rental conditions here in Luna 

County are extremely sub standardized. How these Landlords can get away with it amazes me. The nearby services are at least 

60 miles away. 

special expedited zoning for affordable housing with no impact fees and reduced lot size requirements, increased density 

Stop giving away future tax revenues to out of state corporations and start investing more in infrastructure technologies that will 

build our economy 

Streamline building approval process and subsidize building materials for low income and New Mexicans with disabilities. 

Streamline the permitting process. Wave impact fees for affordable housing 

Subsidies to the cost of construction allows rent to be less. Public officials need to loosen up on the required amenities so the 

projects are not so expensive. 

subsidy 

Support consumer operated groups that wish to develop housing where/how they know the need 

subsidy 

Taos County has severe development restraints because the subdivision process is political and abusive. the town does not have 

this condition. 

Targeted rental rehab program for existing affordable rental housing using tax credits and other resources. 

The biggest barrier is a lack of energy efficiency and appropriate technology in new mexico housing. Low income people should be 

is small homes that are inexpensive to heat and cool. 

The City of Alb, has a considerable amount of land in attractive neighborhoods. This land should be sold and used for the purchase 

of cheaper parcels with higher density. Fees, they could be based on a percentage of homes built in an area. With the new 

customers "home buyers" they will bring the revenue in time with property taxes & utilities Etc 

The cost of infrastructure is a huge issue facing the Town's affordable housing project. 

The current status of our economy is a driving force in the housing situation today. Resources to build new housing have been 

nonexistent, and folks particularly our senior population and individuals with disabilities are faced with a grim housing situation, due 

to all the variables listed above, particularly in our rural areas of our state. 

the growth in NM doesn't appear to have been thought out - and the cost has increased but nothing in place to be able to afford it. 

The infrastructure of growth needs to be improved so that our state can move up from all of the negative that is portrayed for the 

state. If we can show a positive on housing and caring for the people that live here and improve their housing and primarily 

educating them to be able to live on their own and function 

The large impact fees imposed on new construction is a prohibitive costs that limits the amount of new construction that can be built 

by smaller builders. 

The permitting process for the state needs to be reworked so we can be in competition with the adjacent States. Process adds to 

much cost 

The raising cost of building materials and labor cost prevents older homeowners to maintain the homes is a safe, decent and 

sanitary condition 

There are too many "other' codes. We need to keep the process simple. It has become way to difficult over time. Simplify the 

green criteria. 

tie housing, econ dev. infrastructure together in a comprehensive approach. Housing includes all facets of affordable housing in this 

case 

To address the lack of affordable land units of government could subsidize the cost of land. 

To build affordable rental housing, city needs straw bale and other innovative approaches, including grey water catchment. 

Training to bring Green Building and Universal Design together. If homes are built to Universal Design standards people can age in 

New Mexico 




their homes and resources are conserved because they do not have to replace narrow doors, tear out tubs and replace with walk-in 

showers. Plus, making a Universal Design entry landing big enough for a wheelchair to maneuver means the entry is easy to open 

and the door is not open for a long period of time letting the heat out. Universal Design saves resources and energy. 

We must have housing in order to attract services such as plumber, contractor, electrician, etc. 

We need to designate more land for affordable housing in the purchasing process and location of existing land and the growth 

management of governments 

Weatherization retrofitting financing should be in the $10-20,000 range to really affectively create worthwhile savings in the homes 

of the poor 

work with tribal who tax & maybe add a percentage on tax to fund lot size to develop affordable housing by tribes for native 

american working with city or state gov't for land available for purchase or rental or swaps. 

Table C.7 

What other business activities are you considering 



Comments 

21 century infrastructure in light rail 

Assistance for renewable energy 

Attracting Retireds 

better qualified economic developers 

compared to other states the business assistance to non profits is low. 

Energy-Wise consultation services for business 

Financially support and guide the local chamber of commerce 

free college; and develop & support cooperatives 

Improvement of "quality-of-life" factors 

integrated strategies that include economic development, affordable housing and workforce development 

manufactured base business 

Micro loan availability 

prioritize imagination in school 

Real Estate Homeownership 

Real Strong weatherization financing for retrofit would have the most impact along with "small home" financing--they would drive the 

economy 

Recruitment for businesses that will bring high-wage green jobs to New Mexico either in technology research and development 

(solar, wind, biomass), consulting, planning, or venture capital 

support consumer projects 

supportive employment opportunities an business support for those willing to hire employees with, for instance, criminal 

backgrounds. 

taxes - education, incentives, waivers, streamlining. 

Teaching businesses how to reinvest in the community from which they take so much. If "living wages" will not be paid (and these 

businesses benefit from that mightily), then there should be some "tax" upon them that requires them to reinvest into the education 

of NM residents such that NM residents become education and thereby qualified to compete for well-paying employment 

opportunities within their organizations. 

New Mexico 




All types of transportation 

burying downtown overhead power lines 

cant speak to this 

City open space trails and path networks 

disabled access - ramps, doors etc., 

gas heating in colonias 

I an not qualified to answer this question 

Table C.8 

What other Infrastructure needs are you considering 



Comments 

Improved accessible mass transit systems and transit stops 

Infrastructure Financing by the state for infrastructure in sub-division development 

infrastructure on Indian reservations 

light rail 

making infrastructure more universal accessible to all New Mexicans 

more coordinated and better ways to ask communities what the need 

Native American communities 

Need to encourage infrastructure projects incorporate sustainable, energy efficient design 

transportation to east side of abq 

wheelchair ramps/pot holes on every street 

Table C.9 

What other community and public facility needs are you considering 


2010 New Mexico Housing and Community Development Survey 

Comments 

access to broad base computer service by low income persons 

Access to Mental Health resources/Public access to broadband internet 

Accessible play structures and accessible recreation is needed 

All types of supportive services 

Bike and walking trails and paths 


Emergency shelter 

Evening Childcare. For many families, especially single parents, it prohibits them from expanding their opportunities for 

employment. 

fitness centers 

Free health care facilities especially for the homeless, and the disabled who simply can't pay 

I am not qualified to answer this question 

mental health care assistance 

Multi-purpose trails 


one stop shop for the aging and low income 

one-stop shop of services for homeless services in each region 

Outdoor Recreation - Health Services 

small businesses 

small community health care 

Somewhere for Low income to get educated 

Supportive Housing 

Swimming and health related 

trails and open spaces 

treatment facilities, perhaps located within healthcare facilities 

zoo and museum improvements to attract visitors and create jobs 

New Mexico 




Table C.10 

What other special needs groups are you considering 



Comments 

All those, but not at sufficient levels! 

Although we have facilities for homeless persons, we do not have enough, furthermore. We do not have facilities for homeless 

persons in rural communities in NM. 


Facilities-ALL-must be accessible 

farm worker housing and access to services 

financial literacy and fraud prevention 

I know that there are services for some of these programs How ever the do not follow through with people that need the help. Most 

people don't even know about the resources in their communities that are available for them. 

Illegal Immigrants 

Individuals that are precariously homeless and with behavioral disorders 

Native American services and facilities lacking 

not enough of above 

persons coming out of prison or in need of community treatment as an alternative sanction 

Problem is, are these Quality services ! 

services are available in some areas but adequacy is not present and no all services are available in rural areas 

The "no" answers above indicate that there are not enough for the need, and that the general community is not well aware of the 

needs. 

There are not enough services for the most vulnerable population 

This is a poorly formulated question Doesn't get at capacity in relation to demand/need 

Though there are services in some there is a great need to enhance them. These programs aren't equipped to handle all that is 

needed in them. 

Transition Age Youth (18-21) 

Very little for those exiting incarceration 

Veterans 

While services may exist in large cities, very few exist in small rural communities of NM. Most services are educational, like for 

seniors with dementia. 

Table C.11 

What other services and facilities for special needs groups are you considering 



Comments 


farm worker housing and services 

financial literacy and fraud prevention 

From my perspective, the "need" is more about supporting the agencies that are currently in place to provide services to these niche 

populations. I believe we already address the various "need," we (as a community) simply do not support the organizations that are 

in place to address those various needs. Education is needed so that the community is aware that resources are in place, what 

those resources are able to offer to the niche population and how the community can pool together to ensure the organizations' 

mission work can continue and improve. In this manner, services will continue to be in place when our citizens' need them...and 

they will know where to go to access those services (or to direct others to them for access, as the case may be). 

Individuals with mental disabilities 


on-reservation vulnerable populations 

people coming out of prison or those with treatment needs requiring supportive housing 

Persons exiting incarceration 

Services relating to Native American needs 

Transition Age Youth (18-21) 

Veterans, Substance abusers and Those coming out of the criminal justice system 

youth, young adults 

New Mexico 




Table C.12 

Please share with us any comments you may have about housing and community development needs 



Comments 

access to credit for low income families 

Accessible, affordable- meet access requirements 

Activities and shopping for retireds 

affordable housing 

Affordable housing 

Affordable housing for low to medium income. System needs to be set up to train potential low-income and single parents on the 

responsibilities of upkeep and how to do upkeep on homes - they need to know how to fix and maintain their homes in a good condition 

and not let it deteriorate . 

Affordable housing for people who have any special needs. Also people who need assistive living 

affordable housing in San Juan County is practically non existent and County and the individuals in power do not care to address it. The 

not in my backyard mentality is rampant here 

Affordable housing is not only housing for low income. Many families with two or more incomes are unable to "afford" good housing. 

Affordable low or no cost housing for homeless with minimize the need to access ER as a way to find emergency shelter. 

Affordable multifamily developed by non profit organizations 

Affordable rental housing for people on social security benefits 

again, integrated affordable housing and economic development strategies 

An effort needs to be made in planning for new development as far as the traffic flow in and out of residential and commercial areas. An 

effort needs to be attempted to remodeled or demolish older areas. Older structures that are dilapidated need to be removed at the 

owner's expense. 

Assist developers to create more affordable housing, there are enough low income housing programs, not enough for those of moderate 

income. 

Assisted living facilities/housing for homeless; specifically homeless with mental health issues 

Availability of appropriate housing 

Basic Infrastructure is needed for new development and infill and rehab are needed for reviving older areas. 

Better landlord/tenant facilities 

Boarding homes are unlicensed and unregulated; 

Continue land and infrastructure cost assistance for builders serving low-income markets. 

Create a balance between wages and housing costs. 

Decent housing in Luna County is needed 

Development of affordable housing and community facilities 

Development of smaller scale "infill" housing in the fabric of the community. Fewer big "projects". Affordable and market housing should 

be mixed. 

Due to financial hardship many individuals cannot afford to rent or buy home 

Emergency and minor home repairs for low-income homeowners 

finds ways to create more market rate rural housing 

funding 

Funding for small start-up nonprofits 

funding for supportive services to keep people in housing 

Funding to refurbish Public Housing Units, make every unit energy efficient 

greater need for housing rehabilitation and demolition of abandoned homes. Maintain the current infrastructure. 

Greatly needed at a cheap prices or no cost to them 

Green Building and Universal Design need to work together for cost savings, resource savings, and energy savings. 

High need for affordable housing and housing rehabilitation 

high need for family transitional housing with supportive services, inclusive of immigrant families; high need for innovative economic 

development, like co-op businesses and micro-lending; high need for sustained treatment (residential & outpatient) for substance abuse 

& mental health 

High need for rural communities 

high needs especially in the area of housing in rural and urban settings 

Hobbs is making strides toward affordable housing, but it just can't get here soon enough. 

Homes that are safe and with yards with fences 

Housing for emergency, low income housing 

Housing for Homeless 

New Mexico 




housing for youth in transition 

Housing is a huge need in our area. 

Housing is the primary requisite to community development. 

Housing is the single key to economic development in our area, many employees have to commute here from other communities 

Huge need for decent affordable rentals and homes to buy 

Improve condition of existing rental housing. Improve access to quality medical care. 

In this economic climate, use scarce resources to rehab existing rental housing stock. No need for new construction. 

Infill at affordable costs 

Job creation. 

Jobs are what pays for rent & mortgages. 

Living situations for people with mental disabilities and illnesses that cannot be "cured" (only managed, at best). These folks often come 

to domestic violence shelters (they are more vulnerable to becoming victims) but DV shelters cannot help with long-term needs because 

of both (a) this is not what our funders fund us (and audit us) for and (b) our facilities cannot house people for more than 90 days, usually. 

Seeking DV services becomes almost a "cover up" for the long-term needs; these women are DV victims but have even more pressing 

issues that will hinder them from staying away from being abused. 

Lovington needs all types of housing 

Low and Very-low Income Housing is acutely needed in our community 

Low income housing that is not ghettoized and is integrated with existing communities 

Make it all about AFFORDABLE housing...not EXPENSIVE housing. 

More accessible housing for New Mexicans with disabilities 

More Affordable & Transitional Housing 

more affordable accessible integrated housing. By affordable we mean those who live on 674 a month 

More affordable houses for people with low income, we need health insurance for people with low income. 

More affordable housing through mixed income, scatter sites. 

More affordable rental housing, homeownership 

More Elderly Housing 

Multi-Family, Senior Housing 

native american tribes have a very high need. 

Need decent, affordable rental housing for the low income 

Need housing for community members 

Need more affordable housing for low income 

need more affordable housing in rural areas 

need more rental housing available for physically disabled 

need to improve the process for accessing funding/financing and satisfying development requirements 

New Mexico is a very low income and low private sector and we need to bring in jobs that would help train our fellow New Mexican's and 

allow them to obtain higher wages without running the larger companies out of New Mexico to go to other states that can waive taxes 

Not enough affordable housing for sell or rent 

not enough transitional programs-- no halfway houses for substance recovery 

Otero County has a large amount of substandard housing 

Our area needs Jobs this would help the housing & Community Development 

Proper housing for low income and the homeless. Job training. 

Provide funding for homeless services and helping people become housing ready 

real estate development cannot be accomplished by political appointees or elected officials 

real need for planning 

Regulations to obtain federal funding for affordable housing are cumbersome and ambiguous at best; policies are egregious and 

unhelpful. 

rehab for existing buildings--no money , less folks to support community and schools 

removing barriers to housing for those with criminal backgrounds is imperative 

Rental Homes are limited. 

Rentals with dignity/mid-priced homes 

rural areas need affordable rental units 

rural areas need the most assistance in increasing affordable housing 

Safe, affordable housing for disabled around state 

Safe, affordable housing. Some neighborhoods need upgrades in appearance and code development & enforcement. 

Section 8 Based 202 Properties. Disabled people under the age of 62 are very limited on Subsidy Housing 

security 

Shelters for Homeless - insured and with security 

shortage of Affordable Senior Housing in San Juan Cnty. 

single family homes 

New Mexico 




South Valley over 55 communities 

specific to native american communities, culture and tradition and restricted land base 

Supportive housing should be a very high priority. 

Supportive Housing 

sustainable affordable housing. 

The concept of community building by local community members is needed rather than political rhetoric by politicians 

The costs of infrastructure and permitting need addressed and the credit score system is broken and it is difficult for qualified borrowers 

to purchase a home 

The goal should be AFFORDABLE housing 

The need for affordable housing for sale in our area is great. 

The needs are many, the resources are limited. 

The rural and Indian lands need a better development plan 

There continues to be a great need for affordable workforce housing in our area. 

There is a high need for affordable housing and affordable rental assistance in New Mexico 

There is a high need for low rental apartments 

There is a need for affordable housing for seniors with disabilities 

There is a need for affordable housing in the 5 county area we work with; however, credit issues are such a problem that we could 

possibly build the properties and would not be able to qualify anyone. 

there is a need to provide other assistance to Native American elders in older HUD built units and traditional housing. 

There is a rapidly growing need for conventional rental housing in the State, as new industry and business comes in. 

There is never enough affordable low income housing. Our state needs to help develop more to meet our needs. 

There is not any housing for low income or transitional homeless people 

There is not enough low income housing 

There should be a statewide needs assessment with priorities 

these are in great need 

transitional living is essential for relapse prevention 

transitional service for substance abuse recovery 

Tremendous need for affordable housing for young families and low and middle income; teachers, government workers, etc,. Firemen 

and Police do have opportunity for 2nd jobs and Overtime. 

try comprehensive approach. Need ED TA in rural NM 

Updated Affordable Housing Bond Programs-Programs are confusing, and lack organization of other programs around the country 

Very large need for affordable housing 

WATER AND SEWER TO LAND 

We need a model where services, housing and employment are more centralized especially for the rural areas. 

We need an improved housing rehab program. 

We need to create a CDFI in McKinley County 

we need to use parks more to model healthy, civil behavior 

We sure could use a boost in both! 

While there are some resources available for each of the needs identified in the survey, there aren't enough, and the needs vary by 

location. Every item on the list is not a critical need in every community but is likely a critical need in some communities. That made it 

hard to answer the need questions. 

Zoning should not grant permits for more dwellings than the current infrastructure will accommodate. 87121 was way over built. There is 

a stop sign for traffic and one lane where four lanes and lights should exist for egress. 

New Mexico 




Table C.13 

Please share with us any comments you may have about barriers or constraints to housing needs 



Comments 

"Politicians" 

$$$$$$$ 

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 

A better way to get information out to the community about what is available for there needs, we have a lot of good resources just hard to 

find for most of the public. 

A completely worthless PHA and the pervasive attitude that poverty " is not our problem" 

Administrative and operating funds for agencies that help homeless/low income 

As always, funding! 

Attitudes, Avarice, Apathy 

Available land, decent paying jobs 

bank enhanced changing credit requirements 

Building permitting process 

Capacity and money for development of infrastructure & housing construction 

Changing peoples mindsets -- potential homeowners - teaching them basic skills 

CITIES FAILING PLAN FOR FUTURE AND PROVIDE FUNDS 

Community attitude, funding 

Contractors too greedy and/or can't afford to build spec homes. 

Cost of development 

Cost to build and maintain 

Cost to do business in NM is much higher than Texas 

Costs 

Costs to build affordable housing for sale. 

development costs. infrastructure 

Economic down turn 

economy and culture 

Education is important to enable local communities and service or housing providers to make the best use of the resources available. 

Local communities can be resourceful in meeting their most urgent needs, but the resources available aren't adequate. 

education, training and gaining pride in upkeep and assistance in obtaining low interest rates for upkeep. Developing assistance working 

groups within communities to aid in repairs and low income, single parents and or handicapped persons 

elected officials ignorance 

employment 

financial viability of non profit organizations and access to funding sources when financial viability exists 

flexibility in programs, additional funds, and capacity. 

Forget the denial issue that we do not have any. 

funding 

Funding 

Funding amount and code requirements. 

funding and community support/acknowledgement 

Funding and labor 

Funding for above areas 

funding for everything but staff/program costs 

Funding to build and operate 

Funding, community awareness 

Funding. Rural area. 

funds restrictions, compartmentalization of affordable housing and economic development initiatives 

funds, policies, lack of will in legislature 

getting funding 

Government inefficiency and corruption at the highest levels of government 

Government 

Government agencies' requirements for paperwork and regulations preclude efficient, professional, and expeditious funding. 

Having new rental homes built for low & middle class. 

New Mexico 




high unemployment rate 

isolation, restricted land base, lack of capital 

Job training, rehab assistance, education 

Lack of buy in by the community. 

Lack of education about how public lands can be used for housing and public facilities, needs to be a stronger networking between MFA, 

State, Cities and Towns of NM. 

Lack of funding 

lack of funding and community acknowledgement 

lack of funding and infrastructure to support growth 

Lack of funding is the biggest barrier. 

lack of funding resources 

Lack of funding to address all of needs 

lack of high paying employment options outside Rio Grande corridor 

Lack of housing 

Lack of information and knowledge about ADA compliance and universal design 

Lack of local trained staff. Lack of enforcement of housing quality standards. 

lack of money 

Lack of programs for housing assistance 

Lack of public funding. Lack a available quality rentals or household living in substandard housing. 

lack of public infrastructure to support development 

Lack of rental Subsidies 

lack of services to support the process 

Lack of team building 

Land and credit 

Land availability. Flood plain mitigations availability. 

Land costs and infrastructure costs to develop land 

Land costs, construction costs, NMBYism, homeowner education 

land, especially tribal land since they're trust lands. 

Landlords neglect properties/tenants 

Landlords not made to follow the rules for decent rental housing 

lengthy and cumbersome process in assembling funding and requirements to develop housing 

limitations on funds 

Living wages 

loans barriers- no credit or bad credit population 

Local housing authority needs to be involved with community 

Local zoning rigidity, excessive demands from local municipalities on the private sector. Unrealistic demands for high affordable housing 

production by the private sector actually reduces the amount of production. 

many 

Materials , labor & going green makes affordable housing to high 

money 

Money - Keep our low taxes 

Money for development, very low income clients, neighborhoods not approving for there areas. 

MONEY, CODE COMPLIANCE, 

Money 

National policies on qualifying for loans 

Need more social service assistance in rural areas. 

needs to be downstairs unit, curb cuts, accessible parking, making changes in unit that nondisabled persons see as institutional 

neighborhoods feel more like highways than parks, more like parking lots than family gardens 

new mexico gross receipt tax/funding programs 

No funding 

No help from the state to bring in new Business to rural areas 

Not affordable and not available 

Not enough Housing to meet this need 

Not enough monies to service theses homes 

not enough rehab and lack of landlord interest in having safe rentals 

One of the barriers is land ownership belonging to a few. 

oops, ans. above 

Paperwork, reporting, documentation and funding barriers can create substantial barriers to implementing such a program 

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people not willing to rent to those on disability or low income 

Political issues--no one will take a stand and refuse to admit consumers to these awful places 

Political/public will. 

Politics and ear marking processes 

Price of land 

public support 

Reaching out to local communities 

Reduce the constraints and politics for LIHTC awards 

Rural nature of state 

self interest vs community good 

Small PHA with very little resources 

State and Cities need to put more focus in getting people housed 

Streamline access to federal funds and use policies to expedite the process; not to hinder it. 

The cost of the roads and renovations of buildings. 

The general public does not realize how many people in our communities have severe mental health needs that affect their "normal" 

functioning or how many have drug/alcohol addictions. 

The public does not know what is available also the caseworker is overbook and can't take the time to let people know what's is offer or 

where to go for more information. 

The requirements are complicated and need to be brought together for clearer understanding and implementation 

the state inspection system 

Too much restrictive Green criteria. Simplify. Equal to or less than required for single family home developers 

transportation, and cost of providing outreach to rural areas 

Unwilling financial institutions. 

Using different resources such as weatherization funds for rental housing, not just single family; setting aside low income housing tax 

credits for preservation of existing rental stock. 

We need more diversified industries capable of employing large work forces. 

We need to aggressively bring new businesses to NM to create jobs. By creating jobs we will go a long way to solve our community 

development, housing and social services needs. 

We only seem to be involved with what the Governor or Mayor wants while he/she is in office 

Will to get it done 

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Table C.14 

What ways can the MFA and the State of New Mexico better address housing and community 

development challenges 



Comments 

$8,000 housing credit should be extended; work with Housing Authorities to purchase units for affordable housing. 

4610 Paul Street 

Address price of land and home owner education 

adequate training and site monitoring of home assistance for low-income, single parents and persons with limited education to 

understand upkeep of property 

Advocate for community job development 

allocate a percentage of Lottery or gaming revenue specially for these developments. 

Allocate resources, provide community education and offer technical support to communities 

Allot more monies to NM Tribes for housing rehab. 

Allot more education about your process 

Am not sure 

Assistance in funding to build and operate 

Be more supportive of non profits, including regional and city housing authorities with expertise and financial support. 

Be realistic - 350 houses is a "good start" but we need long-range plans to address a growing problem. 

Better coordination at state level for services to communities and people 

better engagement with local communities to create better geographically specific strategies 

better organization and better budgeting 

better oversight of housing agencies and diversification of funding for new construction projects 

Build more affordable housing and allow smaller contractors not already in the system to bid. 

collaborate with individual communities regarding their identified needs and their specific target populations 

Collaborate with other agencies. 

Communication within MFA concerning specific area housing needs & programs. Keep local governments & housing agencies informed 

of programs and funds available. 

communities and students can help do the work if money available --that way can include more of handicapped and disabled folks to be a 

part of different communities--integrated into them 

Concentrate resources on people with the lowest incomes. 

consistent funding- not putting programs in jeopardy by withdrawing or cutting funds 

Continue to help non profits 

Continue to provide resources for home ownership, especially first time home buyers. 

Create a balance between wages and housing costs. 

Create a more centralized design of community living 

Create incentives 

Create loans for smaller homes (even small owner built homes) 

Decent housing for people who don't have much money 

Determine its own limitations and more precisely, through better funding, focus on specific areas of highest need. Also, multiple-year 

funding awards so non-profits can focus on doing their work without yearly uncertainty of funding streams. 

Develop more work training. 

DO IT RIGHT THE 1ST TIME 

doing a fantastic job now, please continue 

don't know 

Education and Training 

Encourage municipalities to create zoning provisions which provide incentives to new and creative solutions, and that are based in 

economic understanding of project development. Affordable housing should not be a "penalty assessment" against a project, but rather a 

"project enhancer" of increased economic yield. 

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encourage universal design, more accessible public transportation available to all areas 

enforce caps and rules for landlords. Give incentives for those willing to rent to the low income. 2500 dollars a month for rent is not 

affordable. 

enhanced financial support from private industry, for instance a share of money from real estate sales 

Extend state housing tax credits to counties and cities larger than 100,000. Technical Support ing addressing housing needs in specific 

cities and counties. 

facilitate and expedite challenge in assembling funding and requirements for housing development 

Financial Infrastructure, Pressure for Realigning Ordinances that inhibit the private sector 

Find the organizations with best practices and help them expand their service areas. Example: Homewise 

Force the state to regulate these facilities 

From contract to closing is very slow because of the different departments of the underwriters. Streamline the loan process so people will 

not get discouraged dealing with MFA. 

Fund nonprofit organization to establish revolving loan funds for site acquisition and development similar to the SHOP program. 

Funding 

funding home improvements to allow an individual to remain in their home - i.e. ramps, roll-in showers, grab bars, etc. 

get accurate information per region of NM as to needs and resources 

Get into your car and drive around your city and visually assess neighborhoods and ask yourself, would you want to live here If not 

what would you change and how Public service announcements, stricter codes and enforcement of those codes 

give better information and support during application process 

Give us a chance 

greater access to funding 

grant funding 

Help communities have access to funds 

Higher downpayment assistance and rehab funding 

Identify and coordinate better communications 

In continuing their efforts 

Incentives for neighborhood associations to want low income affordable housing, More 30% income units, housing for those with 

substance abuse and those coming out of the criminal system. 

Increase availability of low interest and grant funding for rehab. 

increase emergency shelters for homeless youth 

Insure that all aspects of a community are addressed when planning and enforcement. 

Leadership, education, and tons of support 

Local collaborative efforts in Indian county 

Lose the design competition and politics for LIHTC awards!!!! 

Lower taxes and provide incentives for builders 

make available long term loans for land development and acquisition 

make financing more available, more assistance to purchase homes and reduce the red tape for construction 

Making sure landlords follow the guidelines for decent, affordable rental property 

Match funds to code requirements and have a demolition and replace with modular home for un-rehabable home. 

Meeting with contractors and real estate people to locate and construction of housing and community development challenges 

MFA along with the State of New Mexico must find a way to obtain the right mixture of business, community and soundness to be able to 

better our State. 

MFA can work better with local communities to ensure that programs meet local needs. Sometimes the funding available isn't adequate 

for the level of need, but that varies by community. For example, the rehab dollar limits seem to be fine in some areas, but not in 

communities with very poor housing. Long term, helping as many families and individuals as possible get to the point where they can 

manage on their own is probably the most sustainable solution to these challenges. Then the MFA and State could focus on groups with 

special needs that can't manage on their own. 

MFA does a great job, other states should have the same structure 

MFA needs to provide grants for homeless projects that aren't just housing & food; they need to help pursue innovation in responding to 

homeless needs 

MORE ASSISTANCE IN THE AREA OF SUBDIVISIONS 

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more education on how to get funding, get projects going 

More funding is needed 

more money for Senior properties 

More notice of how to work with MFA 

offer classes and let them know what out there provide the with information such as places and phone numbers to call and take the time 

to let them know who can help them. I have been in most of these situations and no one has ever follow through. I not sure where to 

start. I would like to buy a small house with a yard to grow my own vegetables, but don't know how to ask. I live in a small apartment with 

no yard for my grandkids to play. But I am on low income. 

overule local politicos by statute; create ordinance 

Place individuals experiencing generational illness in healthy communities. Create neighborhoods where everyone knows everyone.. 

plan for future needs; disperse population/programs throughout the State 

Planning, not build and they will come, when there is an insufficient infrastructure/ 

preserve housing stock 

provide better awareness by town meetings in low- come communities 

Provide for those in need. 

provide greater funding 

Provide more funding to help the existing Public Housing Authorities be self sufficient without having to regionalize. 

Provide more money for housing to the agencies that are diligently working at housing people 

provide more rental subsidies for Supportive Housing 

Provide multi-year funding to agencies utilizing MFA program funding, better use of electronic media - for applications, documentation 

and possible increased interface possibility between MFA and clients of MFA-funded programs and services. 

Providing stable funds for mortgages with a very small down for the first homebuyer who can qualify. 

Purchase and develop pop and mom motels to transitional housing and get a mix. 

Raise taxes on the wealthy 

Realize that not everyone that needs these services live in a City! We have a lot that live in rural areas but there is not help for these 

areas 

Reduce energy costs for LI population. 

Reduce government oversight 

Reduce paperwork for construction projects. Make more funding available for construction. 

Remove the sales tax on the materials used for affordable housing 

Rent-To-Own Options to allow those overcome credit challenges and eventually enjoy home ownership 

Require municipalities to implement rental housing inspection programs in order to receive funding for rental rehab. 

Review policies to make payment of funds easier and more efficient; increase staff and personnel at the MFA office; develop better 

relationships with various builders, etc. in the state. 

same as above. 

See #2 above. 

see No. 2 

Seems to me you've been doing pretty well with what you've got. 

Simplify the Loan Process 

simplify the submission requirements/guidelines 

Some of my answers were influenced by whether or not I felt MFA was the appropriate agency to provide the service. 

subsidize transportation for rural areas 

support efforts to construct affordable rental units without making communities go through a whole ordeal 

There is a need to move out into rural areas away from the Rio Grande corridor who always ends up with all available resources. 

Training on financial practices and the funding application process 

Training on Green Building with Universal Design 

transitional housing for homeless 

Visit our communities and evaluate and then take action. 

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We can work to streamline the process for people to better educate themselves on anything that their families may need. For example, 

one building that could handle walk in and call in traffic and field questions of people needing information. People could use a resource 

center such as this to learn of employment opportunities, job skill development, where to take an elderly family member, etc.. It could be 

a one stop Family Resource Center, located to accommodate east access from any part of town. It would need to be well advertised. 

Think of how much easier it would be for everyone needing information about various things to just get it all at one location. 

We need to develop holistic programs that strive to address our concurrent needs for affordable for sale and rental housing with 

sustainable, high wage job creation, multi-modal transportation options, recreational resources to combat childhood and adult obesity, 

and social services for the disabled and others. 

Work more closely with developers and contractors and put less emphasis on political expediency. 

Work more closely with rural housing/social services programs 

Work through private enterprise in all cases. No state run programs 

Work with developers like approaching the head of MFA and he does not have the time to meet with potential developers and sends 

some MFA flunkee to let the developer know what is on their website. 

Work with non-profits on providing housing and services through funding 

Work with pilot communities in each planning district of the state to try to find solutions that are workable for the community, home owner, 

developer and investor 

You are doing a good job 

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APPENDIX D: PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROCESS 

The public involvement process followed the requirements specified in the Citizen 

Participation Plan, as noted in Appendix A. However, the following narrative and exhibits 

provide additional information about the outreach, notification, and public involvement 

opportunities offered to the citizen of New Mexico in the development of the 2011-2015 

New Mexico Consolidated Plan for Housing and Community Development. 

HOUSING ADVISORY COMMITTEE 

The MFA receives input several times per year through external advisory and oversight 

committees comprising representatives from various housing-related industries and 

geographic areas of the state to advise and comment on activities undertaken with federal 

dollars. On such group, the Housing Advisory Committee, was involved throughout the 

process of the development of the Consolidated Plan, beginning with a presentation to this 

group on February 11, 2010. Another meeting with this group was held May 20, 2010. 

This Committee is comprised of roughly 20 members who are involved in the housing 

industry and reside throughout the state. Members for 2010 – 2011 represent a wide array 

of fields from property management to mortgage lending and are as follows: 

Tom Hassel, Chairman, Executive Director, Las Cruces Housing Authority 

Mark Allison, Vice Chairman, Executive Director, Supportive Housing Coalition 

Rose Garcia, Executive Director, Tierra del Sol 

Rick Courtney, NM Housing & Community Development Corporation 

Elena Gonzales, Division Coordinator, ILRC Housing Division 

Ferdinand Garcia, President, Golden Spread Rural Frontier Coalition 

Chris Herbert, Executive Director, Region VI Housing Authority 

Kurstin Johnson, Owner/Qualifying Broker, Vista Encantada Realtors, LLC 

Debi Lee, Village Manager, Village of Ruidso 

Rosalyn Fry, Housing Director, ECHO, Inc. 

Mary Martinek, Government Affairs Director, REALTORS Association of New Mexico 

Priscilla Lucero, Executive Director, Southwest NM Council of Governments 

Joseph Stevens, Director of Programs, Central NM Housing Corporation 

Deborah Webster, Concept Consulting Group, LLC 

Jane L. McGuigan, MCRP, Supportive Housing & Employment Coordinator 

2010 NEW MEXICO HOUSING AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SURVEY 

The 2010 New Mexico Housing and Community Development Survey was used to gain 

input regarding the perceptions of housing and community development needs and 

reactions to proposed activities in New Mexico. The survey was conducted entirely online 

and was sent to stakeholders across the state. Nearly 350 completed surveys were received. 

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Appendix D. Public Involvement Process 

PUBLIC INPUT MEETINGS 

An input meeting was held in Albuquerque on May 19, 2010. The meeting was broadcast 

to nine locations throughout the state through video conferencing technology. The 

purpose of this meeting was to allow citizens across the state of New Mexico to offer 

insight and feedback into the preliminary findings of the Consolidated Plan. The 

PowerPoint presentation from that meeting is presented on the following pages. 

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ADVERTISEMENT DOCUMENTATION 

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APPENDIX E: GLOSSARY 

Accessibility All new construction of covered multifamily buildings must include certain 

features of accessible and adaptable design. Units covered are all those in buildings with 

four or more units and one or more elevators, and all ground floor units in buildings 

without elevators. 

Action Plan The Action Plan includes the following: An application for federal funds under 

HUD’s formula grant programs (CDBG, ESG, HOME); Identification of federal and other 

resources expected to be used to address the priority needs and specific objectives in the 

strategic plan; Activities to be undertaken including the following; Activities to address 

Homeless and other special needs (persons with mental, physical or developmental 

disabilities, battered and abused spouses, victims of domestic violence, etc.); Activities to 

address other Actions (affordable housing, lead-based paint hazards, poverty reduction, 

public housing improvements, etc); and lastly; A description of the areas targeted given the 

rationale for the priorities for allocating investment geographically. 

Affordable Housing That housing within the community which is decent and safe, either 

newly constructed or rehabilitated, that is occupied by and affordable to households whose 

income is very low, low, or moderate. Such housing may be ownership or rental, single 

family or multi-family, short-term or permanent. Achieving affordable housing often 

requires financial assistance from various public and private sources and agencies. 

Agency Any department, agency, commission, authority, administration, board, or other 

independent establishment in the executive branch of the government, including any 

corporation wholly or partly owned by the United States that is an independent 

instrumentality of the United States, not including the municipal government of the District 

of Columbia. 

Brownsfield Economic Development Initiative (BEDI) Grant Program BEDI is designed to 

help cities redevelop abandoned, idled, or underutilized industrial and commercial 

properties and facilities where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by real or 

perceived environmental contamination e.g., brownfields. BEDI accomplishes this by 

providing funding to local governments to be used in conjunction with Section 108 loan 

guarantees to finance redevelopment of brownfields sites. BEDI-funded projects must meet 

one of the CDBG program’s national objectives. 

Certification A written assertion based on supporting evidence that must be kept available 

for inspection by HUD, by the Inspector General of HUD, and by the public. The 

assertion shall be deemed to be accurate unless HUD determines otherwise, after 

inspecting the evidence and providing due notice and opportunity for comment. 

Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG) A Community Development 

Block Grant is a federal grant to states, counties or cities. It is used for housing and 

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Appendix E: Glossary 

community development including housing construction and rehabilitation, economic 

development, and public services which benefit low- and moderate- income people. Grant 

funds can also be used to fund activities which eliminate slums and blight or meet urgent 

needs. CDBG-R refers funds granted through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 

of 2009. 

Community and Housing Development Organization (CHDO) A federally defined type of 

nonprofit housing provider that must receive a minimum of 15 percent of all Federal 

HOME Investment Partnership funds. The primary difference between CHDO and other 

nonprofits is the level of low-income residents' participation on the Board of Directors. 

Comprehensive Grant Program (CGP) HUD grant program via an annual formula to large 

public housing authorities to modernize public housing units. 

Consolidated Annual Performance and Evaluation Performance Report (CAPER) The 

CAPER allows HUD, local officials, and the public to evaluate the grantees’ overall 

performance, including whether activities and strategies undertaken during the preceding 

year actually made an impact on the goals and needs identified in the Consolidated Plan. 

Consolidated Plan The Consolidated Plan services four separate, but integrated functions. 

The Consolidated Plan is: a planning document for the jurisdiction which builds on a 

participatory process with County residents; an application for federal funds under HUD’s 

formula grant programs which are: CDBG, HOME, ESG, HOPWA; a three-year strategy to 

be followed in carrying out HUD programs; and lastly, an action plan describing 

individuals activities to be implemented. 

Cost Burden The extent to which gross housing costs, including utility costs, exceeds 30 

percent of gross income, based on data available from the U.S. Census Bureau. 

Economic Development Initiative (EDI) Grant Program EDI is designed to enable local 

governments to enhance both the security of loans guaranteed through HUD’s Section 108 

Loan Guarantee Program and the feasibility of the economic development and 

revitalization projects that Section 108 guarantees finance. EDI accomplishes this by 

providing grants to local governments to be used in conjunction with Section 108 loan 

guarantees. A locality may use the grant to provide additional security for the loan (for 

example, as a loss reserve), thereby reducing the exposure of its CDBG funds (which by 

law must be pledged as security for the loan guarantees). A locality may also use the EDI 

grant to pay for costs associated with the project, thereby enhancing the feasibility of the 

108-assisted portion of the project. EDI-funded projects must meet one of the CDBG 

program’s national objectives. 

Elderly: The CDBG low- and moderate-income limited clientele national objective at 

570.208(a)(2)(i)(A) includes the elderly as a presumptive group. However, the CDBG 

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regulations do not define the term "elderly". Therefore, a grantee can use its own definition 

of elderly for non-housing activities. As such, the County defines elderly as 55 years of age 

or older. With regard to housing activities, the Consolidated Plan requires identification of 

housing needs for various groups, including the elderly, which is defined as 62 years of age 

or older at 24 CFR 91.5 and 24 CFR 5.100. Because of this, housing activities to be 

counted toward meeting a Consolidated Plan goal of housing for the elderly must use the 

definition in 24 CFR 5.100, 62 years or older. 

Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) Formerly the Emergency Shelter Grant Program, the 

ESG is a federally funded program designed to help, improve and maintain the quality of 

existing emergency shelters for the homeless. ESG helps emergency shelters meet the costs 

of operating emergency shelters and of providing certain essential social services to 

homeless individuals so that these persons have access to a safe and sanitary shelter, and to 

the supportive services and other kinds of assistance they need to improve their situations. 

The program is also intended to prevent the increase of homelessness through the funding 

of preventive programs and activities. 

Emergency Shelter Any facility with overnight sleeping accommodations, the primary 

purpose of which is to provide temporary shelter for the homeless in general or for specific 

populations of the homeless. 

Entitlement An underlying formula governing the allocation of Block Grant funds to 

eligible recipients. Entitlement grants are provided to larger urban cities (i.e. population 

greater than 50,000) and larger urban counties (greater than 200,000). 

Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) A federally chartered, stockholder 

owned corporation which supports the secondary market for both conventional mortgages 

and mortgages insured by the FHA and guaranteed by VA. 

Financing Functions necessary to provide the financial resources to fund government 

operations and federal assistance including the functions of taxation, fee and revenue 

generation, public debt, deposit funds, and intra governmental collections. 

First-time Homebuyer An individual or family who has not owned a home during the 

three-year period preceding the assisted purchase of a home that must be occupied as the 

principal residence of the homebuyer. Any individual who is a displaced homemaker or a 

single parent may not be excluded from consideration as a first-time homebuyer on the 

basis that the individual, while a homemaker or married, owned a home with his or her 

spouse or resided in a home owned by the spouse. 

Fiscal Year Any yearly accounting period, regardless of its relationship to a calendar year. 

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Full Time Equivalent (FTE) One FTE is 2,080 hours of paid employment. The number of 

FTEs is derived by summing the total number of hours (for which included categories of 

employees) are paid by the appropriate categories of employees and dividing by 2,080 

hours (one work-year). Appropriate categories include, but are not limited to, overtime 

hours, hours for full-time permanent employees, temporary employees, and intermittent 

employees who may not have been paid for an entire reporting period. 

Grant A federal grant may be defined as a form of assistance authorized by statute in 

which a federal agency (grantor) transfers something of value to a party (the grantee) 

usually, but not always, outside the federal government, for a purpose, undertaking, or 

activity of the grantee which the government has chosen to assist, to be carried out without 

substantial involvement on the part of the federal government. The “thing of value” is 

usually money, but may, depending on the program legislation, also includes property or 

services. The grantee, again depending on the program legislation, may be a state or local 

government, a nonprofit organization, or a private individual or business entity. 

HOME The Home Investment Partnership Program, which is authorized by Title II of the 

National Affordable Housing Act. This federally funded program is designed to expand the 

housing, for very low-income people. And, to make new construction, rehabilitation, 

substantial rehabilitation, and acquisition of such housing feasible, through partnerships 

among the federal government, states and units of general local government, private 

industry, and nonprofit organizations able to utilize effectively all available resources. 

HOME Funds Funds made available under the HOME Program through allocations and 

reallocations, plus all repayments and interest or other return on the investment of these 

funds. 

Homeless Family Family that includes at least one parent or guardian and one child under 

the age of 18, a homeless pregnant woman, or a homeless person in the process of 

securing legal custody of a person under the age of 18. 

Homeless Individual An unaccompanied youth (18 years or younger) or an adult (18 years 

or older) without children who is homeless (not imprisoned or otherwise detained pursuant 

to an Act of Congress or a State law), including the following: 

1) An individual who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence; and 

2) An individual who has a primary nighttime residence that is: 

i) A supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide 

temporary living accommodations (including welfare hotels, congregate 

shelters, and transitional housing for the mentally ill); 

ii) An institution that provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to 

be institutionalized; or 

iii) A public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular 

sleeping accommodation for human beings. 

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Homeless Subpopulation Include but are not limited to the following categories of 

homeless persons: severely mentally ill only, alcohol/drug addicted only, severely 

mentally ill and alcohol/drug addicted, fleeing domestic violence, youth and persons with 

HIV/AIDS. 

HOPWA Housing Opportunities for People With AIDS is a federal program designed to 

provide States and localities with resources and incentives to devise long-term 

comprehensive strategies for meeting the housing needs of persons with acquired 

immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or related diseases and their families. The program 

authorizes entitlement grants and competitively awarded grants for housing assistance and 

services. 

Household Household means all the persons who occupy a housing unit. The occupants 

may be single family, one person living alone, two or more families living together, or any 

other group of related or unrelated persons who share living arrangements. 

HUD Created as part of President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty, the Department of 

Housing and Urban Development (HUD) was established as a Cabinet Department by the 

Department of Housing and Urban Development Act (42 U.S.C. 3532-3537), effective 

November 9, 1965. It consolidated a number of other older federal agencies. The 

Department of Housing and Urban Development is the Federal agency responsible for 

national policy and programs that: address America's housing needs; improve and develop 

the Nation's communities; and enforce fair housing laws. HUD's mission is helping create 

a decent home and suitable living environment for all Americans. It has given America's 

cities a strong national voice at the Cabinet level. 

HUD Income Levels Income levels serve as eligibility criteria for households participating 

in federally funded programs. 

Extremely Low-income Family whose income is between 0 and 30 percent of the 

median income for the area, as determined by HUD with adjustments for smaller and 

larger families, except that HUD may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 30 

percent of the median for the area on the basis of HUD’s findings that such variations 

are necessary because of prevailing levels of construction costs or fair market rents, or 

unusually high or low family incomes. 

Low-income Low-income families whose income does not exceed 50 percent of the 

median income for the area, as determined by HUD with adjustments for smaller and 





New Mexico 




Middle Income Family whose is between 80 percent and 95 percent of the median 

area income for the area, as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller and 





Moderate-income Family whose income does not exceed 80 percent of the median 

income for the area, as determined by HUD, with adjustments for smaller and larger 

families, except that HUD may establish income ceilings higher or lower than 80 




Jurisdiction A State or unit of general local government. 

Large Family Family of five or more persons. 

Lead-based paint hazards Any condition that causes exposure to lead from leadcontaminated 

dust, lead-contaminated soil, lead-contaminated pain that is deteriorated or 

present in accessible surfaces, friction surfaces, or impact surfaces that would result in 

adverse human health effects as established by the appropriate Federal agency. 

Letter of Credit Line of credit to a grant recipient established at a time of approval of 

application. 

Liability Assets owed for items received, services received, assets acquired, construction 

performed (regardless of whether invoices have been received), an amount received but 

not yet earned, or other expenses incurred. 

Neighborhood Stabilization Program (NSP) Created to aid communities affected by 

foreclosure and abandonment through purchase and redevelopment. NSP1 refers to grants 

to state and local governments given on a formula basis and authorized under Division B, 

Title III of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008. NSP2 refers to funds 

allocated to states, local governments, nonprofits and consortiums on a competitive basis 

through funds authorized from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. 

Overcrowded For purposes of describing relative housing needs, a housing unit containing 

more than one person per room, as defined by U.S. Census Bureau, for which the Census 

Bureau makes data available. 

New Mexico 




Person with a Disability A person who is determined to: 

1) Have a physical, mental or emotional impairment that: 

i) Is expected to be of long-continued and indefinite duration; 

ii) 

iii) 

Substantially impedes his or her ability to live independently; and 

Is of such a nature that the ability could be improved by more suitable 

housing conditions; 

Or 

2) Have a developmental disability, as defined in section 102(7) of the Developmental 

Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act (42 U.S.C. 6001-6007); or 

3) Be the surviving member or members of any family that had been living in an 

assisted unit with the deceased member of the family who had a disability at the 

time of his or her death. 

Private Non-profit Organization A secular or religious organization described in section 

501 (c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1988 which: (a) is exempt from taxation under 

subtitle A of the Code; (b) has an accounting system and a voluntary board; and (c) 

practices nondiscrimination in the provision of assistance. 

Program An organized set of activities directed toward a common purpose or goal that an 

agency undertakes or proposes to carry out its responsibilities. 

Program Income Program income is the gross income received by the recipient and its 

subrecipients* directly generated from the use of CDBG funds. For those program incomegenerating 

activities that are only partially assisted with CDBG funds, such income is 

prorated to reflect percentage of CDBG funds that were used. Reference 24 CFR 

570.500(a). 

Examples: (Note: This list in NOT exclusive and therefore other types of funds may 

also constitute CDBG program income.) 

• proceeds from the disposition by sale or long-term lease (15 years or more) of real 

property purchased or improved with CDBG funds. 

• proceeds from the disposition of equipment bought with CDBG funds. 

• gross income from the use or rental of real property that has been constructed or 

improved with CDBG funds and that is owned (in whole or in part) by the recipient or 

subrecipient. Costs incidental to the generation of the income are deducted from the 

gross income. 

• payments of principal and interest on loans made using CDBG funds. 

• proceeds from the sale of loans made with CDBG funds. 

• proceeds from the sale of obligations secured by loans made with CDBG funds. 

• any interest earned on funds held in a revolving fund account. 

• any interest earned on program income pending its disposition. 

• funds collected through special assessments that are made against properties owned and 

occupied by non-low and moderate- income households where the assessments have 

been made to recover some or all of the CDBG portion of a public improvement. 

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Reference: 570.500(a)(1) 

Program income does not include the following examples: 

• interest earned on grant advances from the U.S. Treasury. Any interest earned on grant 

advances is required to be returned to the U.S. Treasury. 

• proceeds from fund-raising activities carried out by subrecipients that are receiving 

CDBG assistance to implement eligible activities. 

• funds collected through special assessments that have been made to recover the non- 

CDBG portion of a public improvement. 

• proceeds from the disposition by the grantee of real property that has been acquired or 

improved with CDBG funds when the disposition occurs after grant closeout for 

entitlement grantees. 

• proceeds from the disposition of real property that has been acquired or improved with 

CDBG funds where the disposition occurs within a five year period (or more if so 

determined by the grantee) after the expiration of the agreement between the grantee 

and subrecipient for that specific agreement where the CDBG funds were provided for 

the acquisition or improvement of the subject property. 

Note: This list is not all-inclusive. 

*Subrecipient means a public or private nonprofit agency, authority, or organization or an 

authorized for-profit entity receiving CDBG funds from the recipient or another 

subrecipient to undertake activities eligible for such assistance. The term excludes an 

entity receiving CDBG funds from the recipient unless the grantee explicitly designates it as 

a subrecipient. The term includes a public agency designated by a unit of general local 

government to receive a loan guarantee, but does not include contractors providing 

supplies, equipment, construction, or services subject to the procurement requirements as 

applicable. 

Project A planned undertaking of something to be accomplished, produced, or 

constructed, having a finite beginning and finite end. Examples are a construction project 

or a research and development project. 

Rehabilitation Labor, materials, tools, and other costs of improving buildings, including 

repair directed toward an accumulation of deferred maintenance; replacement of principal 

fixtures and components of existing buildings; installation of security devices; and 

improvement through alterations or incidental additions to, or enhancement of, existing 

buildings, including improvements to increase the efficient use of energy in buildings, and 

structural changes necessary to make the structure accessible for persons with physical 

handicaps. 

Rehabilitation also includes the conversion of a building to an emergency shelter for the 

homeless, where the cost of conversion and any rehabilitation costs do not exceed 75 

percent of the value of the building before conversion. Rehabilitation must meet local 

government safety and sanitation standards. 

New Mexico 




For projects of 15 or more units where rehabilitation costs are 75 percent or more of the 

replacement cost of the building, that project must meet the accessibility requirement of 

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973; or where rehabilitation costs are less than 75 

percent of the replacement cost of the building, that project must meet the requirements of 

24 CFR 8.23b. 

Rental Assistance Rental assistance payments provided as either project-based rental 

assistance or tenant-based rental assistance. Otherwise known as the Section 8 Rental 

Assistance Payments Program and variations thereof. 

Renovation Rehabilitation that involves costs of 75 percent or less of the value of the 

building before rehabilitation. 

Request for Proposals (RFP) A RFP is the instrument used to solicit proposals/offers for 

proposed contracts using the negotiated procurement method. 

Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program The Section 108 Loan Guarantee Program involves 

a federal guarantee on local debt allowed under Section 108 of the Housing and 

Community Development Act of 1974, as amended. This section of the Act allows public 

entities, such as the Clackamas County, to issue promissory notes through HUD to raise 

money for eligible large-scale community and economic development activities. HUD 

guarantees these notes, which are sold on the private market in return for a grantee's 

pledge of its future CDBG funds and other security for the purpose of debt repayment. 

Section 108 activities must satisfy CDBG eligibility and national objective criteria as well as 

Section 108 regulations and guidelines. 

Senior A person who is at least 55 years of age. For senior housing activities, a senior is a 

person who is at least 62 years of age. (Seniors and “elderly” are terms that are often 

interchangeable.) 

Shelter Plus Care A federally funded McKinney Act Program designed to provide 

affordable housing opportunities to individuals with mental and/or physical disabilities. 

SRO (Single Room Occupancy) A unit for occupancy by one person, which need not but 

may contain food preparation or sanitary facilities, or both. 

State Any State of the United States and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. 

Subsidy Generally, a payment or benefit made where the benefit exceeds the cost to the 

beneficiary. 

Substantial Rehabilitation Rehabilitation of residential property at an average cost for the 

project in excess of $25,000 per dwelling unit. 

New Mexico 




Supportive Housing Services provided to residents of supportive housing for the purpose 

of facilitating the independence of residents. Some examples are case management, 

medical or psychological counseling and supervision, childcare, transportation, and job 

training. 

Supportive Housing Program (SHP) The Supportive Housing Program promotes the 

development of supportive housing and supportive services, including innovative 

approaches that assist homeless persons in the transition from homelessness and enable 

them to live as independently as possible. SHP funds may be used to provide transitional 

housing, permanent housing for persons with disabilities, innovative supportive housing, 

supportive services, or safe havens for the homeless. 

Transitional Housing Is designed to provide housing and appropriate supportive services 

to persons, including (but not limited to) deinstitutionalized individuals with disabilities, 

homeless individuals with disabilities, and homeless families with children. Also, it is 

housing with a purpose of facilitating the movement of individuals and families to 

independent living within a time period that is set by the County or project owner before 

occupancy. 

New Mexico

2011 – 2015 new mexico consolidated plan for housing and ...

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