Bamboo in Orissa: Trade and Livelihood Perspective - Vasundhara

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All rights reserved by VASUNDHARA(www.vasundharaorissa.org). For any clarification, contact author at sunlit1968@yahoo.co.in Name of the Character Remarks variety salia Comparatively soft to Best for artistic work work; less prone to insectattack if properly dried kanta Very tough to work with; Not used 1 has thorns sundarkani Comparatively thicker A commonly preferred substitute for than salia; more prone to salia insect-attack aulangi Nodes are virtually Not used absent; very tough to work. balangi Nodes are virtually absent Not preferred since the strips are comparatively less flexible and hence break often during extraction. Still balangi can be used for jhudi making though the product will be less durable. phula Flowering culms Not preferred due to their weaknesses Artisans usually require long culms of green bamboo whereas construction works and betel farmers need long culms of mature bamboo. Paper industries use short pieces so as to make chips for pulp making. Bamboo used for paper making is known as industrial bamboo(IB) whereas that(long bamboo) used for basketry, fencing, or construction purposes is called commercial bamboo(CB).Stump bamboo usually comes under the IB category, and is nothing but the stumps left after the upper portions have been cut and removed. Cutting of such stumps is necessary to ensure healthy growth in the clump, and sized at a length of 3 ft. 9 inches each, these are also bundled in the same way as normal salia bamboo and sent to paper mills though at a lesser price(per comm., Prahlad Nayak). Some people distinguish two different parts of a culm as agara and baunsha, the former being the upper half and the latter, the lower half. Use: The use/application of bamboo belongs to two major categories: industrial and nonindustrial. While the industrial use has been an important source of revenue for the state ex-chequer since several decades, the non-industrial use has an intimate relationship with the local people who depend on this resource for food, medicine, house-building materials and also, raw material for making bamboo-ware. 1 However, in Khandapara area of Nayagarh district the artisans reportedly use thorny bamboo particularly to make products that are to be exposed to water regularly (like, baskets used for washing rice/paddy, etc.) because products made from salia or sundarkani would be less durable in such cases(per comm., Abhimanyu Pradhan). On the other hand, artisans of Iramaru(Bajrakot) hamlet produce fish-containers from daba since salia is hardly available in their area. 5
All rights reserved by VASUNDHARA(www.vasundharaorissa.org). For any clarification, contact author at sunlit1968@yahoo.co.in Young bamboo shoots are known as karadi or karida . They have considerable food- and nutritional value. Studies have indicated the presence of Vitamins B and C, phosphorus, calcium, iron, glucose and carbohydrates, etc. in the young shoots. The protein content was found to be 1.3 to 2.3 grams in 100 grams of young shoots(Shanmughavel, P. 2004; Cultivation potential of culinary bamboos in Southern India, Natural Products Radiance, July-August, p.238). Local people say that salia shoots are more preferable than daba shoots because the latter do not turn sour easily, and also taste bitter. B. polymerpha is said to be one of the best in world in production of delicious shoots(Karmakar K., and Haque M., Bamboo and Rural Employment, Yojana, July 2004,p.20). Bamboo seeds, locally known as baunsa dhana or bamboo paddy are collected by the poor people as an inferior substitute of rice, to cook and consume like over-boiled rice(jaau) or make cakes from the flour. It is said that seeds of daba are comparatively thicker than those of salia (per comm.., villagers of Debhuin). Chemical analysis of the seeds of Bambusa arundinacea has found crude protein 13.68%, true protein 12.77%, starch 72.91%, ash 1.74%, Calcium 86.88 mg/100 grams, phosphorous 162.9 mg/100 grams,and moisture 7.98%. The starch- as well as protein content were found comparable with that of the rice variety IR8 (Mitra & Nayak, 1972 quoted in Seethalakshi, K. and Muktesh Kumar, M. 1998, Bamboos of India, p.44). Seeds of daba are more preferred than those of salia. In fact, villagers of Khajuria(Cuttack district) recognise only daba seeds as 'baaunsha dhana'(bamboo paddy), and call seeds of salia as gadagadia. 6
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Bamboo in Orissa: Trade and Livelihood Perspective - Vasundhara

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