Training Methodology for KVK Scientists - ICAR, Zonal Project ...

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V. Venkatasubramanian, Sajeev, M.V. & A.K. Singha.
14. Trainers’ / teachers’ high expectations from learners and openness to examine own
needs.
15. Trainers’ / teachers’ competence.
5.9 Training Need Assessment
Need is the gap between what is And what ought to be Training need refers to the gap
between “what is” and “what should be” in terms of the trainees knowledge, skills, attitude and the
behaviour in a given situation and time. It is important to analyse the training needs for designing an
effective training programme 1 . Four major approaches for the training needs identification have
been proposed by different authors. They are as follows:
5.9.1 Performance Appraisal
In this method the actual performance of the trainee in a given situation is compared with
that of the ideal or expected performance. It can be evaluated through direct observation, evaluation
of performance records for a period of time and the individuals’ self appraisal about their performance
compared with their actual output. Through this method one can link between knowledge and skill
requirements with their job performance.
5.9.2 Task Analysis
A detailed analysis of the task performed by an individual as per the standards and job chart
is to be done. The data pertaining to the knowledge and skill requirement for the task, their
performance in the actual situation need to be collected through interviews, case methods, and
direct observation techniques. A detailed interview schedule need to be prepared for the assessment
of training needs based on the task analysis for collection of relevant data. The schedule contains
the details of different tasks and the frequency of performance of each task. The details such as level
of importance and level of competency are obtained in a differential rating manner for each task. The
common methods used for task analysis are interview, questionnaire, case method and observation.
The task analysis is a process by which one can know the different elements or sub-tasks which are
critical for its performance.
5.9.3 Survey method
It is one of the most frequently used methods. The need analysis is done based upon the
individual perception and opinion of the individuals for whom the training programme is organized.
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Please refer Chapter - XII for model schedules on training need analysis developed by Zonal Project Directorate, Zone
– III for farmers and KVK personnel separately.
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Concepts, Approaches and Methodologies for Technology Application and Transfer