The Genera Boophilus Rhipicephalus and Haemaphysalis (Ixodidae ...

in the last century epoch-making discoveries were announced
Late
Smith and F. L. Kilbourne. According to Herms (1939, p.
Theobald
made the second great fundamental discovery in the field of med
they
namely, that the cattle tick, Boophilus annulatus (S:
entomology,
the disease."
of
findings led to the subsequent discovery of numerous sire
These
of ticks and organisms pathogenic to man
and animals.
associations
microplus is more prevalent on cattle in the New World tl
Boophilus
annulatus. The ormer is also a
carrier of Babesia bigemina,
is-B.
by the writings of Parodi (1916), Clark (1918), Guy (191
shown
and Braga (1923), Lignieres (1924), Rosenbusch (1927),
Fonseca
de Asua, Dios, Zuccarini,.and Kuhn (1928).
Jimenez
sanguineus is probably the most cosmopolitan tick in
Rhipicephalus
and in the New World occurs in many parts of North and So
world
where its range is being rapidly extended by transportation
America
its most important host. In the Old World, it is the transmitt
dogs,
has not been introduced. A rickettsia which is at least very clo,
it
to the pathogenic agent of fivre boutonneuse is prevalent
related
maculatum in southern United States. While pathogenic
./tmblyomma
pigs, this rickettsia has not been associated with disease in n
guinea
any native animal (Parker, Kohls, Cox, George W., and Davis, 19.
or
and Cox, H. R., 1939).
Parker
sanguineus is also the vector of canine piroplasmosis which is R. w
in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Eaton (1934) recognized
known
of this disease in dogs in Florida' Hagen (1943)states tha
presence
been reported in Puerto Rico and in Brazil," and the "has aut] same
"It was seen by Clark in Panama in imported hunting dogs,"
states,
disease occurs in Texas."
"the
MEDICAL AND VETERINARY IMPORTANCE
rank with Laveran's discovery of the malaria parasite is
'"Taking
by Theobald Smith in 1889 (Smith and Kilbourne, 1893)
discovery
the causative .organism (Babesia bigemina) of Texas cattle
fever, als
p'otozo6n. Associated with Smith in
-red-blood-corpuscle-inhabiting
of the disease was F. L. Kilbourne, and together in 11
investigation
(B. boris Riley), is
the necessary intermediary host of the causal a
of fivre boutonneuse among dogs and to man. This disease is
agent
to occur in the New World, but it cannot be safely.assumed
known
Parker, Philip, and Jellison (1933) showed that under experimet