High Order Harmonic Oscillators in Microwave and Millimeter-wave ...

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3 8th Harmonic Oscillator in the resonator. The resonator plays a main role in the oscillator by working with the output circuit to extract the desired harmonic signal. The features of this basic concept are as follows. 1. N.R. are properly embedded to enhance the desired resonant fields. 2. An output circuit extracts the desired harmonic signal selectively. (a) Push-push oscillator. (b) Quadruple-push oscillator. (c) Octa-push oscillator. Fig. 3.14: Basic circuit configurations of N-push oscillators. 41
3 8th Harmonic Oscillator Figure 3.14 shows the circuit configurations of N-push oscillators based on the SSHO. They are very effective for higher order harmonic signal generation [7], [35]. Figure 3.14 (a), (b) show the circuit configurations of the 2nd harmonic push-push oscillator and the 4th harmonic quadruple-push oscillator presented in [24]. When the output signal is Nth harmonic, the interval of negative resistance circuit is λ g /N wave length at the fundamental frequency (f 0 ) with N negative resistance circuits. Figure 3.14 (c) shows the circuit configuration of the proposed octa-push oscillator. Eight negative resistance circuits are connected to a ring resonator. The octa-push oscillator has the λ g /8 wave length interval at the fundamental frequency. In this circuit, eight identical negative resistance circuits which play role of negative resistance are reasonably connected to the resonator. Each interval of connecting points where negative resistance circuits are connected with the resonator is half wave length at the 4th harmonic frequency. The push-push resonant mode is generated at the 4th harmonic frequency (4f 0 ) between the adjacent negative resistance circuits. In Fig. 3.14 (c), an output circuit is located inside of the microstrip ring resonator. The input RF-impedance matching for the 4th and 8th harmonic frequency is satisfied at the coupling points between the output port circuit and the ring resonator. Therefore, the 4th and the 8th harmonic signals are selectively injected to the resonator. The resonant modes for the fundamental and the other harmonics are suppressed due to the RF-impedance characteristic. Eight negative resistance circuits are connected to the point ‘1∼8’ to generate the octa-push resonant mode. The resonant mode is shown in Fig. 3.15. The signals of the adjoining negative resistance circuits have a phase difference of 180 degrees at the 4th harmonic frequency (4f 0 ). This means 45 degrees phase difference at the fundamental frequency (f 0 ). The output circuit is connected to the in-phase and the maximum voltage points for the 8th harmonic signal as shown in Fig. 3.15. From the coupling points of ‘1∼8’, the 8th harmonic signal is transferred in-phase to the output port. In the resonator, these coupling points have the maximum voltage. Undesired harmonic resonant fields are out-of-phase at the output port and suppressed in principle. Then, the output signal (V octa ) can be expressed as follows, V octa = A 8 e j8ω0t + A 16 e j16ω0t + · · · + A 8n e j8nω0t . (3.1) 42
Page 1 and 2: High Order Harmonic Oscillators in
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgement I would especially
Page 5 and 6: Chapter 3 describes the 8th harmoni
Page 7 and 8: Contents Preface ii 1 Introduction
Page 9 and 10: 6.1.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 11 and 12: 1 Introduction 1.2 Concept and Tech
Page 13 and 14: 1 Introduction The proposed oscilla
Page 15 and 16: 1 Introduction push-push oscillator
Page 17 and 18: 2 Oscillators In this chapter, the
Page 19 and 20: 2 Oscillators V1 Base/ gate Collect
Page 21 and 22: 2 Oscillators leads to two of the m
Page 23 and 24: 2 Oscillators 2.3 Negative Resistan
Page 25 and 26: 2 Oscillators or ∂R t ∂I ∂X T
Page 27 and 28: 2 Oscillators 2.4 Oscillator Phase
Page 29 and 30: 2 Oscillators signal at ω 0 . When
Page 31 and 32: 2 Oscillators Noise power (dB) 1/f
Page 33 and 34: 2 Oscillators Sθ(ω) 1 f 3 1 f 2 k
Page 35 and 36: 2 Oscillators 2.5 Push-push Oscilla
Page 37 and 38: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator 3.1 8th H
Page 39 and 40: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator 3.1.1 The
Page 41 and 42: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator λg/2@f0
Page 43 and 44: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator C λg/2@f
Page 45 and 46: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator 3.1.3 Fab
Page 47 and 48: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator Fig. 3.11
Page 49: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator 3.2 Octa-
Page 61 and 62: 3 8th Harmonic Oscillator 3.3 Compa
Page 63 and 64: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator Th
Page 65 and 66: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator Ou
Page 67 and 68: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator #N
Page 69 and 70: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator 2f
Page 71 and 72: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator a
Page 73 and 74: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator ve
Page 75 and 76: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator Fi
Page 77 and 78: 4 Gunn Diode Harmonic Oscillator Fi
Page 79 and 80: 5 Ku-Band Push-push VCO Using Branc
Page 91 and 92: offset 1MHz offset 100kHz 5 Ku-Band
Page 93 and 94: 6 Coupled Push-push Oscillator Arra
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6 Coupled Push-push Oscillator Arra
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7 Conclusion This dissertation pres
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References [1] http://www.ntt.co.jp
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[21] K. Kawahata, T. Tanaka and M.
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[40] H. Eisele and G. I. Haddad,
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[58] J. Birkeland, and T. Itoh, “
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[77] T. Ohira “Extended Adler’s
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[3] Kengo Kawasaki, Takayuki Tanaka
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