Crystallization of Polymers. Volume 1, Equilibrium Concepts

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CRYSTALLIZATION OF POLYMERS, SECOND EDITION In Crystallization of Polymers, second edition, Leo Mandelkern provides a self-contained, comprehensive, and up-to-date treatment of polymer crystallization. All classes of macromolecules are included and the approach is through the basic disciplines of chemistry and physics. The book discusses the thermodynamics and physical properties that accompany the morphological and structural changes that occur when a collection of molecules of very high molecular weight are transformed from one state to another. The first edition of Crystallization of Polymers was published in 1964. It was regarded as the most authoritative book in the field. The first edition was composed of three major portions. However, due to the huge amount of research activity in the field since publication of the first edition (involving new theoretical concepts and new experimental instrumentation), this second edition has grown to three volumes. Volume 1 is a presentation of the equilibrium concepts that serve as a basis for the subsequent volumes. In this volume the author shows that knowledge of the equilibrium requirements is vital to understanding all aspects of the polymer crystallization process and the final state that eventually evolves. This book will be an invaluable reference work for all chemists, physicists and materials scientists who work in the area of polymer crystallization. Leo Mandelkern was born in New York City in 1922 and received his bachelors degree from Cornell University in 1942. After serving in the armed forces during World War II, he returned to Cornell, receiving his Ph.D. in 1949. He remained at Cornell in a post-doctoral capacity until 1952. Professor Mandelkern was a staff member of the National Bureau of Standards from 1952 to 1962 where he conducted research in the physics and chemistry of polymers. During that time he received the Arthur S. Fleming Award from the Washington DC Junior Chamber of Commerce “As one of the outstanding ten young men in the Federal Service”. In January 1962 he was appointed Professor of Chemistry and Biophysics at the Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, where he is still in residence. He is author of Crystallization of Polymers, first edition, published by McGraw-Hill in 1964. He is also author of Introduction to Macromolecules, first edition 1972, second edition 1983, published by Springer-Verlag. Besides the Arthur S. Fleming Award he has been the recipient of many other awards from different scientific societies including the American Chemical Society and the Society of Polymer Science, Japan. Professor Mandelkern is the author of over 300 papers in peer reviewed journals and has served on the editorial boards of many journals, including the Journal of the American Chemical Society, the Journal of Polymer Science and Macromolecules.
Page 5 and 6: CRYSTALLIZATION OF POLYMERS SECOND
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Page 10 and 11: viii Contents 4.3 Two chemically id
Page 12 and 13: x Preface to second edition of both
Page 14 and 15: xii Preface to first edition of the
Page 17 and 18: 1 Introduction 1.1 Background Polym
Page 19 and 20: 1.2 Structure of disordered chains
Page 25 and 26: 1.3 The ordered polymer chain 9 Tab
Page 27 and 28: 1.3 The ordered polymer chain 11 Fi
Page 29 and 30: 1.3 The ordered polymer chain 13 Fi
Page 31 and 32: 1.4 Morphological features 15 Fig.
Page 33 and 34: 1.4 Morphological features 17 (a) (
Page 39 and 40: References 23 5. Wilson, E. B., Jr.
Page 41 and 42: 2.1 Introduction 25 Fig. 2.1 Fusion
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2.3 Fusion of the n-alkanes and oth
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2.4 Polymer equilibrium 49 Fig. 2.1
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2.4 Polymer equilibrium 53 defined
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with ζ e being defined as 2σ eq =
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2.4 Polymer equilibrium 57 is thus
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2.4 Polymer equilibrium 59 The data
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2.4 Polymer equilibrium 61 crystall
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2.5 Nonequilibrium states 65 Fig. 2
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References 67 as do low molecular w
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References 69 56. Beech, D. R., C.
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3.2 Melting temperature 71 and ζ =
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3.2 Melting temperature 73 1.05 1.0
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3.2 Melting temperature 75 140 135
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3.2 Melting temperature 77 Fig. 3.4
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3.2 Melting temperature 79 Table 3.
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3.2 Melting temperature 81 crystall
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3.3 Crystallization from dilute sol
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3.4 Helix-coil transition 97 primar
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3.4 Helix-coil transition 99 transi
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3.4 Helix-coil transition 101 If wi
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3.5 Transformations without change
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3.6 Chemical reactions: melting and
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References 117 Fig. 3.28 Phase diag
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References 119 45. Sanchez, I. C. a
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References 121 121. Paternostre, L.
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4.2 Homogeneous melt: background 12
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4.3 Two chemically identical polyme
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4.4 Crystallization from a heteroge
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4.4 Crystallization from a heteroge
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References 139 20. Flory, P. J., Di
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5 Fusion of copolymers 5.1 Introduc
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5.2 Equilibrium theory 143 distribu
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5.2 Equilibrium theory 145 Here G
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5.2 Equilibrium theory 147 Fig. 5.1
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Therefore 5.2 Equilibrium theory 14
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5.2 Equilibrium theory 151 effect o
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5.2 Equilibrium theory 153 would be
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5.3 Nonequilibrium considerations 1
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5.4 Experimental results: random ty
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5.5 Branching 193 with 1,3-dioxolan
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5.6 Alternating copolymers 195 Mult
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5.6 Alternating copolymers 197 Fig.
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5.6 Alternating copolymers 199 Pair
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5.7 Block or ordered copolymers 201
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5.8 Copolymer-diluent mixtures 225
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References 227 are interconnected b
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References 229 57. Etlis, V. S., K.
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References 231 125. Montaudo, G., G
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References 233 193. Hamley, I. W.,
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References 235 267. Inoue, T., H. K
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6.2 Melting temperatures, heats and
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Table 6.1. Thermodynamic quantities
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acrylonitrile 593.2 5 021 94.7 8.5
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trans-octenamer 5 350.2 23 765 215.
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3-ethyl 3-methyl oxetane 334.2 6 27
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decamethylene adipate 352.7 42 677
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β-propiolactone 357 8 577 119.1 24
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caprolactam γ 7 502.2 17 949 158.8
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tetramethyl-p-silphenylene siloxane
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11 The value of H u was determined
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uu. Rijke, A. M. and S. McCoy, J. P
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Table 6.2. Thermodynamic quantities
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ethylene suberate 336.2 24 451 131.
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1 Adapted with permission from L. M
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Table 6.3. Unique values of thermod
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3,3 ′ -dimethyl thietane 286.2 5
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undecane amide 514.2 35 982 196.6 7
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new-TPI 12 >679.2 63 800 116 93.9 D
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i. Wrasidlo, W., J. Polym. Sci.: Po
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6.3 Entropy of fusion 311 regularit
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6.3 Entropy of fusion 313 Fig. 6.12
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6.3 Entropy of fusion 315 Table 6.5
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6.3 Entropy of fusion 317 disordere
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6.4 Polymorphism 319 of chains.(219
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6.4 Polymorphism 321 different crys
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6.4 Polymorphism 323 at 5 kbar. The
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6.4 Polymorphism 325 the conversion
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References 327 Fig. 6.16 Schematic
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References 329 43. Miller, R. G. J.
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References 331 114. Allen, G., C. B
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References 333 182. Russell, T. P.,
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References 335 256. Vogelsong, D. C
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7 Fusion of cross-linked polymers 7
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7.2 Theory of the melting of isotro
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7.2 Theory of the melting of isotro
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7.3 Melting temperature for random
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7.3 Melting temperature for random
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7.4 Melting temperature for axially
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7.5 Melting temperature for randoml
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7.6 Melting of network-diluent mixt
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7.6 Melting of network-diluent mixt
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References 355 if the cross-linkage
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8 Oriented crystallization and cont
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8.1 Introduction 359 disordered cha
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8.2 One-component system subject to
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8.3 Multicomponent systems subject
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8.4 In the absence of tension 389 8
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8.4 In the absence of tension 391 F
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8.4 In the absence of tension 393 o
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8.5 Contractility in the fibrous pr
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8.6 Mechanochemistry 403 The curve
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8.6 Mechanochemistry 405 Fig. 8.20
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8.6 Mechanochemistry 407 For exampl
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References 409 33. Ronca, G. and G.
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Author index Numbers in parentheses
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Author index 413 Cella, R.J., 219,
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Author index 415 Fujii, K., 256, 32
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Author index 417 Jakeways, R., 335
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Author index 419 Marchessault, R.H.
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Author index 421 Porri, L., 329, 33
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Author index 423 Stehling, F.C., 14
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Author index 425 Wittner, H., 232 W
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Subject index 427 comonomers, 152-4
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Subject index 429 poly(1,4-butylene
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Subject index 431 poly(1,4-isoprene
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Subject index 433 rubber enthalpy o
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