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Fig. 34-2 ANCESTRAL DEUTERO- STOME Notochord Common ancestor of chordates Head Vertebral column Jaws, mineralized skeleton Lungs or lung derivatives Lobed fins Echinodermata (sister group to chordates) Cephalochordata (lancelets) Urochordata (tunicates) Myxini (hagfishes) Petromyzontida (lampreys) Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays, chimaeras) Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfishes) Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) Legs Amniotic egg Milk Reptilia (turtles, snakes, crocodiles, birds) Mammalia (mammals)
Fig. 34-3 Muscle segments Notochord Dorsal, hollow nerve cord Mouth Muscular, post-anal tail Anus Pharyngeal slits or clefts
Page 1 and 2: Overview: Half a Billion Years of B
Page 3: Concept 34.1: Chordates have a noto
Page 7 and 8: Fig. 34-4 Cirri 2 cm Mouth Pharynge
Page 9 and 10: Early Chordate Evolution • Ancest
Page 11 and 12: Concept 34.2: Craniates are chordat
Page 13 and 14: Fig. 34-7 Dorsal edges of neural pl
Page 15: The Origin of Craniates • Fossils
Page 19 and 20: Hagfishes • The least derived sur
Page 21 and 22: Fig. 34-9 Slime glands
Page 23 and 24: Derived Characters of Vertebrates
Page 25 and 26: Fig. 34-UN4 Cephalochordata Urochor
Page 27 and 28: Fossils of Early Vertebrates • Co
Page 29 and 30: • Other armored, jawless vertebra
Page 31 and 32: Origins of Bone and Teeth • Miner
Page 33 and 34: Fig. 34-13-3 Gill slits Cranium Mou
Page 35 and 36: Fossil Gnathostomes • The earlies
Page 37 and 38: • Another group of jawed vertebra
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 34-UN5 Cephalochordata Urochor
Page 41 and 42: Fig. 34-15b (b) Southern stingray (
Page 43 and 44: • Shark eggs are fertilized inter
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 34-16 Brain Spinal cord Swim b
Page 47 and 48: Fig. 34-17b (b) Clownfish (Amphipri
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 34-17d (d) Fine-spotted moray
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 34-18
Page 53 and 54: Derived Characters of Tetrapods •
Page 55 and 56:
Fig. 34-19 Bones supporting gills T
Page 57 and 58:
Amphibians • Amphibians (class Am
Page 59 and 60:
Fig. 34-21b (b) Order Anura
Page 61 and 62:
• Amphibian means “both ways of
Page 63 and 64:
Derived Characters of Amniotes •
Page 65 and 66:
Early Amniotes • Living amphibian
Page 67 and 68:
Fig. 34-26
Page 69:
The Origin and Evolutionary Radiati
Page 83 and 84:
Derived Characters of Birds • Man
Page 85 and 86:
The Origin of Birds • Birds proba
Page 87 and 88:
Concept 34.7: Mammals are amniotes
Page 89 and 90:
Fig. 34-31 Temporal fenestra Jaw jo
Page 91 and 92:
Fig. 34-32
Page 93 and 94:
Fig. 34-33a (a) A young brushtail p
Page 95 and 96:
Eutherians (Placental Mammals) •
Page 115 and 116:
Fig. 34-37 ANCESTRAL PRIMATE Lemurs
Page 117 and 118:
• The first monkeys evolved in th
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