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II. Associative learning<br />

1. Classical conditioning (การสร้างเงื<br />

่อนไข) e.g.<br />

- Appetitive condition :- reward (food)<br />

- Defensive condition :- punishment (foot shock)<br />

2. Operant or Instrumental conditioning e.g. Skinner,<br />

Thorndike<br />

3. Trial <strong>and</strong> Error (ลองถูก( ลองถูก-ลองผิดู ลองผิด) )<br />

similar to operant conditioning e.g.<br />

Thorndike “Bond theory” include 3 laws i.e.<br />

- law <strong>of</strong> effect & reward<br />

- law <strong>of</strong> practice & rehearse<br />

- law <strong>of</strong> readiness & hungry<br />

4. Logic thinking (คิดอย่างมีเหตุผล คิดอย่างมีเหตุผล)<br />

10

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