11_Mulic - WGS84 in BiH Civil aviation.pdf - BALGEOS

Establishment t of WGS84 in Bosnia
and Herzegovina Civil Aviation
Medzida Mulic, Nedim Tuno
BALGEOS II WORKSHOP
Skopje, September 2009

Why implementing WGS84 in BH civil aviation
The International Civil Aviation Organization Council (ICAO Council) in 1989
accepted the recommendation thatt all coordinates in aviation be founded d upon
common reference system World Geodetic System 84 (WGS 84).
All navigation data in Bosnia and Herzegovina were based on the Gauss-Kruger
rectangular coordinates system, transformed into geographic coordinates based on
Bessel’s ellipsoid, id before 2009.
Positional discerpancy between WGS84 and Bosnian geodetic system~550m

Project “Establishment of WGS84 in BH civil
aviation”
Bosnia and Herzegovina has received financing from the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) toward the cost of the “Establishment of
World Geodetic System 84 in the Bosnia and Herzegovina Civil Aviation” as a
component of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Air Traffic Management Project.
Institute t of Geodesy and Geoinformatics of Faculty of Civilil Engineering i Sarajevo
awarded the Contract for Establishment of WGS84 in BH civil aviation and started to
work in the spring of 2008.
The objective of the project was to establish a WGS-84 coordinate system and
create a database on aids, points, facilities and obstacles, as surveyed in the WGS-84
system by methods of satellite and classical geodesy.
Project was divided into following parts:
• International airports: Sarajevo, Banjaluka, Mostar and Tuzla.
• Sports airports: Zalu ani, Prijedor, Tuzla (Jegin Lug), Visoko, Biha and Livno.
• En route navigational aids.
• Points to be mathematically calculated.

Locations of airports
and navigational aids
International airports
Sports airports
Navigational aids

Aerodrome reference network
SV cover
Marker protection - molten stainless s
Existing earth fill
Marker reinforcing i bars
(4 items. 0,65 m x 10 mm
2it items. anchors 0,50 050 m x 10 mm)
MB 20 Concrete
marker body (truncated concrete pyramid
basis 0,24 x 0,24 m, at top 0,12 x 0,12 m, height 0,50 m)
Tumped ground
Body of underground part of marker
For each airport, designing and stabilization of 3-5 aerodrome reference network points was stabilised taking
into account the necessity of providing durability of markers as to destruction, as well as their suitability for
measurement of lengths, angles, GPS vectors, and detail surveying.
GPS observations of an aerodrome reference network were performed by applying the static method. Due to
very frequent traffic at Sarajevo International Airport, GPS measurements at day were almost impossible. That
is why most of the GPS measurements were made during the night.

Aeroport reference network
SRJV
NVT 171/285
T1395
S001
S001
S002
S002
S003
NVT 166/285
GN 1081
S004
S003
S005
S004
T1362
1 km
S005
For the purpose p of linking an aeroport reference network to the national geodetic datum and ETRF89, GPS
observations at the points of the existing trigonometric network and points observed in earlier GPS
campaigns were performed.
For improvement of the transformation, all aerodrome reference network points were linked by precise
geometric levelling method to the nearest benchmarks of the high-precision levelling network.
• At Banja Luka airport 4 points were determined d (mX =6 mm, mY =6 mm, mZ =5 mm)*.
• At Tuzla airport 3 points were determined (mX =6 mm, mY Y =6 mm, mZ Z =15 mm) )*.
• At Mostar airport 4 points were determined (mX =10 mm, mY =10 mm, mZ =10 mm)*.
• At Sarajevo airport 5 points were determined (mX =18 mm, mY =18 mm, mZ =18 mm)*. )*
* Average values

Aeroport navigational aids, facilities and points
(aeroport detail points)
Survey of detail points was performed by the tacheometry t and the GPS RTK method.
• At Banja Luka airport 55 points were surveyed.
• At Tuzla airport 62 points were surveyed.
• At Mostar airport 38 points were surveyed.
• At Sarajevo airport 50 points were surveyed.

Obstacles
For different categories of aircrafts, it was required to identify and survey all crucial
obstacles that penetrate safeguarded surfaces, visual manoeuvering areas and basic
instrument t landing system surfaces around international ti airports.
SLOPE 2%
6 obstacles h > 591
SLOPE 2%
OUTER
HORIZONTAL SURFACE: a l obstacles s h > 645.95
6 obstacles h > 561
slope 5%
6 obstacles h > 531
slope 1.2%
slope 2.5%
a l obstacles
h > 545.95
6 obstacles h > 531
slope 2.0%
slope 14.3% slope 1.43%
slope 14.3%
all obstacles h> 5 0m
slope 14.3%
SLOPE 3. 3%
slope 1.43%
slope 5%
slope 2.5% SLOPE 2.0%
a l obstacles h > 645.95
Different aeronautical surfaces arround
First step in obstacle identification ifi i was terrain
Sarajevo airport analyse using GIS software and DTM.

Obstacles
Obstacles were determined by methods of track intersection (horizontally and
vertically) and using reflectorless total stations.
• 136 obstacles were determined around Banja Luka airport
• 94 obstacles were determined around Tuzla airport
• 634 obstacles were determined d around Mostar airport
• 598 obstacles were determined around Sarajevo airport

Equipment used for measurements
• GPS static observations: dual-frequency GPS instruments (Trimble 4000
ssi, 5700 and R8, Leica GPS1200, Topcon Legacy-H)
• GPS kinematic observations: Magellan ProMark 3
• Levelling: precise levels (Leica DNA03 and NA3003, Zeiss Kony 007).
• Tacheometry and resections: total stations (Leica TCR1205,TC600, TC600 and
T1800+DI2002, SOUTH NTS-662R and NTS-352R)

Example of risks during work in field:
Minefields around Sarajevo

Example of risks during work in field :
Area contamined by radioactive material
ETRS 89 point Stolice in north-eastern
Bosnia, used as reference point for Tuzla
airport.
Point is located near military
comunication tower destroyed by NATO
airforces and near radioactive waste
dump.

Mathematically calculated points
Coordinates of 69 points within the
airspace of Bosnia and Herzegovina
were mathematically calculated.
These points are defined as the
intersections of air ways or as the
intersections of air ways and border of
Bosnia and Herzegovina.
All calculations l were made using direct
and inverse solutions of geodesics on
the ellipsoid and by solving spherical
triangles.

Results of the project
PRINTED AND DIGITAL RECORD OF DATA:
Example
1 TECHNICAL REPORT
2 AERODROME CONTROL NETWORK LAYOUT
3 DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY STATIONS
4 TRANSPORMATION PARAMETERS
5 A COMPLETE REPORT ON SURVEYS AND DATA PROCESSING RESULTS
6 LIST OF AERODROME POINTS AND NAVIGATION AIDS
7 OBSTACLE LISTING
8 EN-ROUTE NAVAIDS LISTING
9 CALCULATED POINTS LISTING
10 LIST OF AIRFIELD POINTS
DIGITAL DATABASE

7 aeronautical charts
for Tuzla aerodrome
were produced in
2009. Charts were
published by the
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Directorate of Civil
Aviation as the
Aeronautical
Information
Publication (AIP).
Charts were created
using data obtained in
Project
“Establishment of
WGS84 in BH civil
aviation”
.

Thank you for your attention!