Mahathera Ledi Sayadaw - Abhidhamma.com

Santatiannathabhava, that is, of the radical change and of the sequent change of the continua,
things which are visibly evident to, and personally experienced, by, every man alive.
The exercises in Insight that ought to he taken up are first, the Four Great Elements from among
the material qualities, and the six classes of cognition from among the mental qualities. If one can
discern the arisings, and ceasings of the Four Elements innumerable times in one day alone, the
changes, or the risings and ceasings of the rest (i.e., upadarupas: the derivative material qualities)
are also discerned. Of the mental qualities also, if the changes of consciousness are discerned,
those of the mental concomitants are simultaneously discerned. In particular, feelings,
perceptions, volitions, and so forth, from among the mental qualities, and forms, odours, and so
forth from, among the material qualities, which are extraordinary may be taken as objects for the
exercise, as they will quickly enable a meditator to acquire with ease the Insight of
Impermanence.
However, from the philosphical point of view, the Insight is acquired in order to dispel such
notions as "creatures," "persons," "soul," "life," "permanence," "pleasures," and to get rid of
hallucinations. The acquisition of Insight also mainly depends on a sound grasp of the Triple
Marks, which have been sufficiently dealt with already.
So much for the exposition of Tiranaparinna.
PAHANA-PARINNA
In Buddhist philosophy there are five kinds of Pahana which it is necessary to deal with:
146. Tadangapahana,
147. Vikkhamabhanapahana,
148. Samucchedapahana,
149. Patipassadhipahana,
150. Nissaranapahana.
In order to make them clear, the three periods of the Defilements which are called Bhumi must
here be mentioned.
They are :-
151. Anusayabhumi,
152. Pariyutthanabhumi,
153. Vittikkamabhumi.
Of these three, Anusayabhumi means the period during which the Defilements do not come into
existence as mental properties representing themselves in the three phases of time, i. e., nascent,
static, and arrested, but lie latent surrounding the life-continuum.
Pariyutthanabhumi means the period at which the Defilements come into existence from the
latent state as mental properties at the mind-door when any object which has power to wake them
up produces perturbance at one of the six doors.
Vitikkamabhumi means the period at which the Defilements become so fierce and ungovernable
that they produce sinful actions in deed and word, Thus, in the revolution of existences that have
no known beginning, every Greed that follows a creature's life contiuum has three bhumis.
Similarly, the rest of the Defilements, error, dullness, conceit, and so forth, have three periods
each.