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64 Repeating Things: The Foreach Statement 657 65 Date and Calendar Utility Macros 662 65.1 Handling Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662 65.1.1 Conversions Between Date Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662 65.1.2 Checking Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663 65.1.3 Typesetting Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664 65.1.4 Localization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665 65.2 Typesetting Calendars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665 66 Page Management 668 66.1 Basic Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 66.2 The Predefined Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669 66.3 Defining a Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 66.4 Creating Logical Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674 67 Extended Color Support 675 68 Parser Module 676 VIII Mathematical and Object-Oriented Engines 677 69 Design Principles 678 69.1 Loading the Mathematical Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678 69.2 Layers of the Mathematical Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678 69.3 Efficiency and Accuracy of the Mathematical Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678 70 Evaluating Mathematical Expressions 679 70.1 Commands for Parsing Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679 71 Syntax for mathematical expressions 680 71.1 Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680 71.2 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682 71.2.1 Basic arithmetic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683 71.2.2 Rounding functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 71.2.3 Integer arithmetics functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686 71.2.4 Trigonometric functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686 71.2.5 Comparison and logical functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 688 71.2.6 Pseudo-random functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689 71.2.7 Base conversion functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690 71.2.8 Miscellaneous functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690 72 Additional Mathematical Commands 693 72.1 Basic arithmetic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693 72.2 Comparison and logical functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693 72.3 Pseudo-Random Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693 72.4 Base Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694 73 Customizing the Mathematical Engine 695 74 Number Printing 697 74.1 Changing display styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702 75 Object-Oriented Programming 707 75.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707 75.2 A Running Example: The Stamp Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707 75.3 Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 707 75.4 Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708 75.5 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709 16
75.6 Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 75.7 Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 712 75.8 The Signal Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713 75.9 Implementation Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714 IX The Basic Layer 715 76 Design Principles 716 76.1 Core and Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716 76.2 Communicating with the Basic Layer via Macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716 76.3 Path-Centered Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717 76.4 Coordinate Versus Canvas Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717 77 Hierarchical Structures: Package, Environments, Scopes, and Text 718 77.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718 77.1.1 The Hierarchical Structure of the Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718 77.1.2 The Hierarchical Structure of Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718 77.2 The Hierarchical Structure of the Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719 77.2.1 The Core Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719 77.2.2 The Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720 77.2.3 The Library Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720 77.3 The Hierarchical Structure of the Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720 77.3.1 The Main Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720 77.3.2 Graphic Scope Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722 77.3.3 Inserting Text and Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725 78 Specifying Coordinates 727 78.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727 78.2 Basic Coordinate Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727 78.3 Coordinates in the XY-Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727 78.4 Three Dimensional Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728 78.5 Building Coordinates From Other Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729 78.5.1 Basic Manipulations of Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729 78.5.2 Points Traveling along Lines and Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730 78.5.3 Points on Borders of Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731 78.5.4 Points on the Intersection of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732 78.5.5 Points on the Intersection of Two Circles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732 78.5.6 Points on the Intersection of Two Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733 78.6 Extracting Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734 78.7 Internals of How Point Commands Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734 79 Constructing Paths 736 79.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736 79.2 The Move-To Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736 79.3 The Line-To Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 79.4 The Curve-To Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737 79.5 The Close Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738 79.6 Arc, Ellipse and Circle Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739 79.7 Rectangle Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742 79.8 The Grid Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742 79.9 The Parabola Path Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743 79.10 Sine and Cosine Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743 79.11 Plot Path Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744 79.12 Rounded Corners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744 79.13 Internal Tracking of Bounding Boxes for Paths and Pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745 17
Page 1 and 2: TikZ & & PGF TikZ PGF Manual for Ve
Page 3 and 4: The TikZ and PGF Packages Manual fo
Page 5 and 6: 8 Installation 77 8.1 Package and D
Page 7 and 8: 14.11 The Sine and Cosine Operation
Page 9 and 10: 19 Making Trees Grow 249 19.1 Intro
Page 11 and 12: 31 Decoration Library 359 31.1 Over
Page 13 and 14: 48.4 Shadows for Special Paths and
Page 15: 61.5 Reference: Style Sheets for Li
Page 19 and 20: 84 Matrices 789 84.1 Overview . . .
Page 21 and 22: 1 Introduction The pgf package, whe
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Page 25 and 26: 2 Tutorial: A Picture for Karl’s
Page 27 and 28: His version of the example looks li
Page 29 and 30: While this may be nice in other sit
Page 31 and 32: \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3] \draw[
Page 33 and 34: You can also fill and draw a path a
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Page 41 and 42: \begin{tikzpicture} [scale=3,line c
Page 43 and 44: %% Plain TeX file \input tikz.tex \
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\begin{tikzpicture}[point/.style={c
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\tikz \graph [grow right sep] { uns
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6 Tutorial: A Lecture Map for Johan
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2. The standard computer-science-to
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Describing Complexity Fixed- Parame
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color for the whole branch and (b)
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Parallel Computation Solving Proble
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an interval for which the calendar
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\node [root concept] (Computational
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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• Decide on what the graphic shou
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seminar “very good,” nine consi
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• In a 3D-pie-chart the relative
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Part II Installation and Configurat
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8.2.2 MiKTeX For MiKTEX, use the up
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9.2.2 Terms and Conditions For Copy
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8. If the distribution and/or use o
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(a) If a component of this Derived
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License (gpl) was considered inappr
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Examples of suitable formats for Tr
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one entity. If the Document already
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10 Input and Output Formats TEX was
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This driver has the “complete”
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tikz/tex4ht node/css=〈filename〉
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11 Design Principles This section d
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oot left right child child \begin{t
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Next, the contents of the environme
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12.3 Using Scopes to Structure a Pi
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12.4 Using Graphic Options 12.4.1 H
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13 Specifying Coordinates 13.1 Over
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are checked, independently, whether
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content oriented ASCII DVI TEX L A
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The implicit way of specifying the
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tikz/cs/vertical line through={(〈
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intersections along the path specif
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13.5.2 The Syntax of Factors The
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\begin{tikzpicture} \draw [help lin
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tikz/every path (style, initially e
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\begin{tikzpicture} \draw[line widt
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tikz/at=〈coordinate〉 (no defaul
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\tikz[rotate=30] \draw[step=1mm] (0
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tikz/parabola height=〈dimension
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operation, these come first). The e
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tikz/execute at begin to=〈code〉
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scope. For example, if you apply a
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15.2 Specifying a Color The most un
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tikz/line cap=〈type〉 (no defaul
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tikz/densely dashdotdotted Shorthan
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tikz/double distance=〈dimension
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\begin{tikzpicture} \draw[pattern c
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\begin{tikzpicture}[path image/.sty
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\begin{tikzpicture} \draw[red] (0,0
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A fading (a term that I propose, fa
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Small Big \begin{tikzpicture} [ % D
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16 Nodes and Edges 16.1 Overview In
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tikz/every 〈shape 〉 node (style
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alias /tikz/minimum width Same as m
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You will have to lookup which parts
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appropriate value. While this key,
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16.4.4 Text Parameters: Height and
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〈offset〉 parameter, but using t
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This has the following effect: When
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The positioning package also introd
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For the arc operation, the position
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0.5 0 0.75 1 \tikz \draw (0,0) .. c
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s t \tikz [circle] { \node [draw] (
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q 0 \tikz \node [circle,fill=blue!5
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(We will discuss the optional apost
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2. You can also just use (x) as a c
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As described in Section 16.10.4, th
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\begin{tikzpicture}[remember pictur
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17 Specifying Graphs 17.1 Overview
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oot child 1 child 2 grand child 1 g
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The library graphs.standard defines
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out 1 out 5 in in 2 in in out in ou
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[〈options〉] -!- [〈options〉]
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slashes, dashes, and more (but spac
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tikz/graphs/typeset=〈code〉 (no
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tikz/set=〈set name〉 (no default
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tikz/graphs/simple (no value) In co
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is really worthwhile being able to
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17.5.4 Special Syntax for Options F
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tikz/graphs/not 〈color class name
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tikz/graphs/-!- Sets the default ed
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target vertices since just grouping
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\newcount\mycount \tikzgraphsset{ l
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Now, even though we talk about “w
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9 8 7 % Directions can be changed \
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tikz/graphs/branch up sep=〈distan
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1 \tikz \graph [clockwise] { subgra
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a 0 0 b 0 1.0 c 0 2.0 k 0 4.0 d 1.0
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17.9 Reference: Predefined Elements
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tikz/graphs/wrap after=〈number〉
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f a b \tikz \graph [color class=red
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18 Matrices and Alignment 18.1 Over
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Hallo X g \begin{tikzpicture}[every
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8 11mm 1 6 3 5 7 4 9 2 10mm 10mm 8
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8 1 - 3 - 7 - - 2 \begin{tikzpictur
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\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,->,sh
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\begin{tikzpicture} [auto, decision
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When you write node {root} child[\p
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3. Options for all children can be
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oot \begin{tikzpicture} [level 1/.s
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tikz/missing=〈true or false〉 (d
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The edge to parent operation and th
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20 Plots of Functions 20.1 When Sho
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Since this case is quite common whe
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f(x) f(x) = x f(x) = 1 20 ex x f(x)
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\tikz \draw plot[mark=x,mark indice
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tikz/const plot mark right A varian
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The use of bar width and bar shift
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tikz/very nearly transparent (style
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tikz/name={〈name〉} (no default)
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\begin{tikzpicture}[path fading=fad
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\begin{tikzpicture}[opacity=.5] \dr
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1. The just-mentioned path morphing
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depend on the decoration, you will
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A negative 〈dimension〉 will off
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23 Transformations pgf has a powerf
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grids? (It does.) And what about th
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tikz/rotate=〈degree〉 Rotates th
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Part IV Graph Drawing by Till Tanta
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24 Arrow Tip Library \usepgflibrary
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spaced o yields thick and thin spac
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25.2 States With and Without Output
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tikz/intial distance=〈distance〉
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26 Background Library \usetikzlibra
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tikz/show background top (style, no
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28 Calendar Library \usetikzlibrary
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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28.1.4 Creating a Month List Arrang
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28 29 30 31 February 1 2 3 \tikz \c
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29 30 28 27 26 25 29 3031 28 27 26
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01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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A B C 0 1 2 D \begin{tikzpicture}[s
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Hello World , this is \begin{tikzpi
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• The 〈fork node〉 is automati
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3Ω 1Ω 1Ω 3Ω S 1 ι 4Ω 4Ω 3Ω
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tikz/circuits (no value) This key s
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7. The marking decoration will also
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3Ω 4Ω \begin{tikzpicture}[circuit
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• You can selectively change the
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As explained in Section 30.2.6, for
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Key Appearance inside Appearance in
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pgf/logic gate anchors use bounding
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Set the symbol for the not gate. In
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\usetikzlibrary{circuit.ee.IEC} % L
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3. You can use info labels like ohm
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\usetikzlibrary[shapes.gates.ee] %
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the point (1pt, 0pt) lies at the ri
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\begin{tikzpicture} \node[name=s,sh
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Shape break contact IEC This shape
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This is a hint to the decoration co
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Decoration bumps This decoration re
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• angle determines the opening an
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\tikzset{ show curve controls/.styl
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1cm from end 1cm mid \begin{tikzpic
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pgf/decoration/mark connection node
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Species Result gnome human bird fel
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travel along the to-be-decorated pa
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aSome long text alon g /pgf/decorat
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e /pgf/decoration/text align/center
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32 Entity-Relationship Diagram Draw
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33 Externalization Library by Chris
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tikz/external/system call={〈templ
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pdflatex -shell-escape main /tikz/e
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\begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture
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A mixture is graphics if exists, it
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{ \pgfkeys{/pgf/images/include exte
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\tikzset{ % Defines a custom style
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34 Fading Library \usepgflibrary{fa
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ox \begin{tikzpicture}[inner sep=0p
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36 Fixed Point Arithmetic Library \
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37 Floating Point Unit Library by C
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\pgfmathfloatparsenumber{0} \pgfmat
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It’s not zero!It’s positive!It
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\pgfmathfloattoextentedprecision{
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38 Lindenmayer System Drawing Libra
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Randomizes the value in \pgflsystem
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\tikz[rotate=65]\draw [green!60!bla
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3. If your cell starts with a \path
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⎛ ⎜ ⎝ a 8 a 1 a 6 a 3 a 5 a 7
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Root concept Child concept \tikz[la
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\tikz [root concept/.append style={
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child Root concept child child \beg
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Note that it is not a good idea to
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Root concept The root concept is, i
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\begin{tikzpicture}[every cut/.styl
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\sffamily\scriptsize \begin{tikzpic
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43 Petri-Net Drawing Library \useti
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p 2 1 2 2 1 \begin{tikzpicture} \no
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\begin{tikzpicture}[yscale=-1.6,xsc
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x y z \begin{tikzpicture} \draw[gra
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\pgfplothandlerycomb This handler c
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In more detail, if (x i , y i ) and
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example, if you provide the list 1,
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45 Plot Mark Library \usepgflibrary
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46 Profiler Library by Christian Fe
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\pgfprofilenewforenvironment[〈pro
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tikz/ball color=〈color〉 (no def
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48 Shadows Library \usepgflibrary{s
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Furthermore, the options fill=〈fi
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49 Shape Library 49.1 Overview In a
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(s.north) (s.130) (s.north west) (s
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height width \begin{tikzpicture}[>=
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\begin{tikzpicture} \foreach \a in
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The pgf keys to set the number of s
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(s.left corner) (s.north west) (s.1
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tip angle dart tail angle \begin{ti
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(s.arc start) (s.north west) (s.nor
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\Huge \begin{tikzpicture} \node[nam
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(s.puff 2) (s.puff 1) (s.north) (s.
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\Huge \begin{tikzpicture} \node[nam
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take opposite bend styles, but the
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(s.before tip) (s.north east) (s.af
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A B \begin{tikzpicture} \node[arrow
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\Huge \begin{tikzpicture} \node[sha
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(s.north) (s.130) (s.north west) (s
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will be met, but any minimum width
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(s.north west) (s.north) (s.70) (s.
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The anchors for this shape are show
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Sets the size of the last ellipse i
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pgf/rounded rectangle arc length=
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(s.before north west) (s.north) (s.
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2. Alternatively, you specify the s
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must then use keys like minimum siz
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\begin{tikzpicture} [spy scope={mag
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52 To Path Library \usetikzlibrary{
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\begin{tikzpicture} \foreach \angle
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tikz/every loop This style is insta
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54 Tree Library \usetikzlibrary{tre
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54.2 Edges From Parent The followin
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tikz/turtle/left=〈angle〉 (defau
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56 Introduction to Data Visualizati
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57 Creating Data Visualizations 57.
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2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −1 0 1 \begin{tikzp
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Second, you use an option to select
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• data group [〈options〉] {〈
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tikz/data visualization/at start su
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58 Providing Data for a Data Visual
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in the list. Indeed, the \foreach s
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58.5 Advanced: The Data Parsing Pro
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58.6 Advanced: Defining New Formats
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59 Axes 59.1 Overview When a data p
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59.2.3 The Axis Attribute Range Int
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kind of transformation: For example
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30 \tikz \datavisualization [scient
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As an example, suppose that you hav
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• The x-values are surveyed and t
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cos d 1.0000 0.9975 0.9950 0.9925 0
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\begin{tikzpicture} \datavisualizat
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\tikz \datavisualization [scientifi
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Linear steps. Let us start with lin
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10 7.5 5 2.5 0 about= 5 20 15 10 5
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It is often a bit cumbersome that o
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4. locally specified options for th
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tikz/data visualization/every ticks
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tikz/data visualization/tick suffix
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ticks={major at={1,2,3,4}, major at
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tikz/data visualization/axis option
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\tikz \datavisualization data group
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By default, low=min and high=max ar
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the visualize grid command twice, o
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always be a short straight line - e
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59.5.5 Visualizing the Axis Labels
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\tikz \datavisualization [ our syst
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Methods for styling visualizers are
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1 \tikz \datavisualization [scienti
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data point/outlier=〈value〉 (def
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60.4 Advanced: Creating New Visuali
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2.5 \tikz \datavisualization [ scie
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2 1 \tikz \datavisualization [ scho
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As an example, suppose we wish to c
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61.4.3 Creating a New Color Style S
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This style alternates between varyi
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0.15 1 \tikz \datavisualization [ s
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2 x 2 1 x/2 e x −2 −1 0 1 2 −
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3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 2x x 2 x 3 0 0.
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tikz/data visualization/legend=〈o
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tikz/data visualization/legend opti
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2 1 0 −1 log x x/2 −2 −1 0 1
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tikz/data visualization/legend entr
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As indicated earlier, the new legen
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This key is similar to label in leg
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tikz/data visualization/legend entr
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Part VII Utilities by Till Tantau T
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There are numerous handlers for def
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1. A command is executed whose argu
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’foo’ bar \pgfkeys{ /handlers/f
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63.3.4 Keys That Store Values Let u
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You can set up unknown key handlers
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\pgfkeys{/par indent/.code={\parind
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Key handler 〈key〉/.estyle args=
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\pgfkeys{/line cap/.is choice} \pgf
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\pgfkeys{/path/.unknown/.code={% \i
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63.6 Key Filtering An extension by
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Key handler 〈key〉/.install key
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\pgfqkeysactivatefamiliesandfiltero
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〈3 〉 The key is handled (for ex
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Normally, when a list item ... is e
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10 11 12 1 2 9 3 8 7 6 5 4 \begin{t
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65 Date and Calendar Utility Macros
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• at most=〈reference〉 as abov
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\pgfcalendar{cal}{2007-01-20}{2007-
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66 Page Management This section des
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• physical paper height=〈size
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At some point, enough logical pages
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• border shrink=〈size〉 specif
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68 Parser Module \usepgfmodule{pars
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69 Design Principles pgf needs to p
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\pgfmathpostparse At the end of the
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{x} (array operators) These operato
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pow(x,y) \pgfmathpow{x}{y} Raises x
Page 703 and 704:
\pgfmathfrac{x} Returns the fractio
Page 705 and 706:
acos(x) \pgfmathacos{x} Arccosine o
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\pgfmathrandom{x,y} This function t
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depth("x") \pgfmathdepth{"x"} Retur
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\pgfmathsetseed{〈integer〉} Expl
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For functions with more than nine a
Page 715 and 716:
See section 74.1 for how to change
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pgf/number format/fixed relative (n
Page 719 and 720:
If you still experience stability p
Page 721 and 722:
pgf/number format/use comma (no val
Page 723 and 724:
pgf/number format/verbatim (style,
Page 725 and 726:
This command defines a class named
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\pgfooclass{stamp}{ % This is the c
Page 729 and 730:
75.7 Identities Every object has a
Page 731 and 732:
75.9 Implementation Notes For the c
Page 733 and 734:
76 Design Principles This section d
Page 735 and 736:
77 Hierarchical Structures: Package
Page 737 and 738:
77.2.2 The Modules \usepgflibrary{
Page 739 and 740:
〈environment contents〉 \endpgfp
Page 741 and 742:
An example application of this envi
Page 743 and 744:
pgf/text/bottom This key causes the
Page 745 and 746:
\pgfsetxvec{〈point〉} Sets that
Page 747 and 748:
\pgfpointdiff{〈start〉}{〈end
Page 749 and 750:
\begin{tikzpicture} \draw[help line
Page 751 and 752:
\pgfintersectionsortbysecondpath Us
Page 753 and 754:
79 Constructing Paths 79.1 Overview
Page 755 and 756:
typically be quite a bit too large.
Page 757 and 758:
\pgfpatharcto{〈x-radius〉}{〈y-
Page 759 and 760:
79.7 Rectangle Path Operations Anot
Page 761 and 762:
Page 763 and 764:
\pgf@picminx The minimum x-coordina
Page 765 and 766:
• The output path refers to the p
Page 767 and 768:
\pgfdeclaredecoration{example}{init
Page 769 and 770:
\pgfdecoratedinputsegmentlength The
Page 771 and 772:
contents〉 until the 〈length〉
Page 773 and 774:
\endpgfdecoration The plain-TEX ver
Page 775 and 776:
\pgfmetadecoratedcompleteddistance
Page 777 and 778:
81 Using Paths 81.1 Overview Once a
Page 779 and 780:
Use \pgfsetdash{}{0pt} to get a sol
Page 781 and 782:
when such “double lines” are pr
Page 783 and 784:
82 Arrow Tips 82.1 Overview 82.1.1
Page 785 and 786:
• Inside the code, you may not us
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The following example shows how thi
Page 789 and 790:
\pgfarrowsdeclarecombine*[〈offset
Page 791 and 792:
83 Nodes and Shapes This section de
Page 793 and 794:
anchored, but you do not wish the s
Page 795 and 796:
pgf/outer ysep=〈dimension〉 alia
Page 797 and 798:
Hello World! \begin{pgfpicture} \pg
Page 799 and 800:
pgf/local bounding box=〈node name
Page 801 and 802:
The net effect of the 〈code〉 sh
Page 803 and 804:
\makeatletter \def\foo{foo} \pgfdec
Page 805 and 806:
The following example shows how a s
Page 807 and 808:
Specifying the cells and rows. spec
Page 809 and 810:
• You can now use the optional ar
Page 811 and 812:
85 Coordinate and Canvas Transforma
Page 813 and 814:
Page 815 and 816:
\pgftransformarcaxesattime{〈time
Page 817 and 818:
Unlike the coordinate transformatio
Page 819 and 820:
86 Patterns 86.1 Overview There are
Page 821 and 822:
\pgfdeclarepatterninherentlycolored
Page 823 and 824:
\pgfdeclareimage[interpolate=true,h
Page 825 and 826:
%% Draw a large colorful background
Page 827 and 828:
% In file main.tex: ... As we see i
Page 829 and 830:
As a final remark, note that the ba
Page 831 and 832:
% This is the file survey.tex \docu
Page 833 and 834:
89 Creating Plots This section desc
Page 835 and 836:
\begin{tikzpicture}[y=3cm/360] \pgf
Page 837 and 838:
90 Layered Graphics 90.1 Overview p
Page 839 and 840:
91 Shadings 91.1 Overview A shading
Page 841 and 842:
Conceptually, the function will be
Page 843 and 844:
also scaled such that the shading
Page 845 and 846:
As a final example, let us define a
Page 847 and 848:
\pgfdeclarefading{〈name〉}{〈co
Page 849 and 850:
\begin{pgftransparencygroup} 〈env
Page 851 and 852:
Internal openin handle \r@pgf@reada
Page 853 and 854:
Page 855 and 856:
Part X The System Layer by Till Tan
Page 857 and 858:
96 Commands of the System Layer 96.
Page 859 and 860:
96.3 Canvas Transformation System C
Page 861 and 862:
\pgfsys@miterjoin Sets the join to
Page 863 and 864:
\pgfsys@color@reset@inordertrue Set
Page 865 and 866:
\pgfsys@functionalshading{〈name
Page 867 and 868:
• a \pgfpoint... command. The fir
Page 869 and 870:
\pgfsyssoftpath@getcurrentpath{〈m
Page 871 and 872:
98 The Protocol Subsystem This sect
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Index This index only contains auto
Page 875 and 876:
label key, 180 label distance key,
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’, 177 >, 144 above, 169, 170 abo
Page 879 and 880:
matrix anchor, 243 mid left, 174 mi
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