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Surfactants Market Opportunity Study - January 2009 - Soy New Uses

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EMULSION POLYMERIZATION<br />

OVERVIEW<br />

The amount of emulsion polymers produced in the United States is around 5.5 billion<br />

pounds. The growth rate of this market is 3-4% per year.<br />

The major polymers produced are styrene-butadiene latex, acrylics, polyvinyl acetate<br />

and vinyl-acrylics.<br />

This type of polymerization starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomer and a<br />

surfactant. Emulsion polymerization is used to manufacture several important<br />

polymers. Many of these polymers are used as solid materials and must be isolated<br />

from the aqueous dispersion after polymerization. In other cases the dispersion is the<br />

end product. This dispersion is often called latex. These products are typically found in<br />

adhesives, paints, paper coatings and textile coatings.<br />

<strong>Surfactants</strong> play a significant role in the production and application of emulsion<br />

polymers. They control the particle size and distribution which in turn dictates the<br />

rheology and viscosity of the final latex.<br />

MARKET TRENDS<br />

The polymers and latexes from emulsion polymerization are finding increasing<br />

acceptance and are preferred over solvent-based products in suitable applications as a<br />

result of their eco-friendly characteristics due to the absence of VOCs (Volatile Organic<br />

Compounds) or petroleum solvents. Although the coatings are water-based, they still<br />

typically contain 5-10% organic solvent to function properly. Solvents are required for<br />

durable film formation (“coalescents”), to provide package stability in cold weather<br />

(“freeze/thaw stabilizers”) and to dilute coatings additives. Industry has been challenged<br />

to reduce or eliminate these solvents while still providing economical and durable<br />

coatings. To meet the lower VOC regulations, industry has taken several approaches:<br />

• Use of additives that contain little or no VOCs<br />

• Modify film forming polymers so that they need little or no coalescing<br />

solvent and/or freeze/thaw stabilizer<br />

• Use of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymers that form good coating films with<br />

little or no organic solvent<br />

SURFACTANT INNOVATIONS<br />

<strong>New</strong> emulsifiers have been developed in response to increasing global environmental<br />

protection regulations and recommendations to phase out the use of alkyl phenol<br />

ethoxylates (APEs). These new products have been designed to meet environmental<br />

requirements while providing effective performance in emulsion polymerization.<br />

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