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Table 8 Snow Leopard and other wildlife items observed during market surveys undertaken in 2002, in Pakistan Species/specimen Quantity Price (USD) January 2002 Antique shop, Peshawar Snow Leopard skin 2 340/skin Furrier shop, Peshawar, Namak-Mandi market Snow Leopard skin 2 350/skin Leopard Panthera pardus skin 1 500/skin Head of Markhor Capra falconeri 1 Marmot skins Several 5-10/skin Taxidermist shop in Lahore Snow Leopard head 1 170 Stuffed <strong>Tiger</strong> cub 1 Stuffed lion 3 Stuffed Leopard July 2002 Furrier shop, Peshawar, Namak-Mandi market Pieces of Leopard skin Several 0.4/cm 2 Pieces of musk deer skin Several 0.7/cm 2 Marmot skins Several 10/skin Coats made of fox Vulpes vulpes skins 1 670/coat Coats made of Himalayan Civet Paguma larvata 1 1 170/coat Peshawar, Kissa-Khawani market Snow Leopard skins 6 340-510/skin Stuffed Leopard 1 Leopard skin 1 500/skin Musk deer Moschus spp. Skins 15 Wolf Canis lupus skins >200 Asian Black Bear Ursus thibetanus skin 2 Otter Lutra lutra skins Several 130/skin Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis skins >100 Marmot skins >90 Snow Leopard nails 20 17/kg Snow Leopard teeth 10 17/kg Leopard nails 25 17/kg Leopard teeth 10 17/kg Leopard meat and bones (of one animal) 250 Brown Bear Ursus arctos fat 340/kg Roots of Saussurea costus 1.7/kg Taxidermist, Lahore Stuffed Leopard head 1 170 Karachi Awide variety and number of furs including wolf, Leopard Cat, fox, jackal, lynx and marmot Note: Blanks in this table indicate “no data available”. Source: Khan, 2002a and b. 40 FADING FOOTPRINTS: the killing and trade of Snow Leopards
Credit: Javed Khan Four Snow Leopard pelts (two with broken tails) in a shop in Peshawar, Pakistan No Snow Leopard skins or other body parts were observed in the markets and shops visited in Karachi and Rawalpindi in July 2002, but a number of traders claimed that they could provide these upon request. In general, traders at markets in Karachi and Rawalpindi seemed to be well aware that the trade in Snow Leopard was illegal and were careful because of this. According to traders in Karachi, the availability of Snow Leopard skins had decreased over the last decade. Origin of the skins in trade and trade routes According to interviews with skin traders, Snow Leopard skins are brought to Peshawar and other markets from locations across the species’s range in Pakistan. In January 2002, the town of Skardu in the Northern Areas province was visited (Khan, 2002b). Skardu is reported to be an important trading place for various wildlife products and especially skins. From Skardu, Snow Leopard skins are often taken to Peshawar, where higher prices are paid. Based on an interview with a hunter from the North West Frontier Province, Snow Leopards as well as other fur-bearing animals are generally hunted using traps or poison, probably to ensure that the skins are kept intact and to avoid bullet holes. Most trappers and hunters have well-established contacts with local traders who sell the skins at local markets or to the bigger traders in cities such as Peshawar. Peshawar supplies skins to cities elsewhere in Pakistan. The common means of transportation for Snow Leopard skins in Pakistan is by truck, hidden among bundles of legal hides, such as sheep skins. Snow Leopard skins are also moved by public transport, sometimes after arrangement with the driver. The most important consumers of Snow Leopard products in Pakistan are wealthy people, and skins or stuffed specimens are reported to be sold to high-ranking government officials. A trader in Peshawar reported selling two Snow Leopard skins to a senior politician in the North West Frontier Province. According to the Northern Areas Wildlife Department, no charges have been FADING FOOTPRINTS: the killing and trade of Snow Leopards 41
Page 1 and 2: FADING FOOTPRINTS: THE KILLING AND
Page 3 and 4: FADING FOOTPRINTS: THE KILLING AND
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the course
Page 7 and 8: Although it is difficult to assess
Page 9 and 10: Raise awareness of the threats pose
Page 11 and 12: BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION The Sno
Page 13 and 14: METHODOLOGY A large part of this re
Page 15 and 16: Credit: International Snow Leopard
Page 17 and 18: Table 1 Distribution and population
Page 19 and 20: Mongolia The Snow Leopard is distri
Page 21 and 22: and human encroachment, which have
Page 23 and 24: BOX I CITES-REPORTED TRADE IN SNOW
Page 25 and 26: At national level Snow Leopards are
Page 27 and 28: protest of conservation groups (Tse
Page 29 and 30: Law enforcement is also often imped
Page 31 and 32: Conflict with herders Killings of S
Page 33 and 34: Snow Leopards in 1989-90, which rep
Page 35 and 36: from Russia in the 1920s has been e
Page 37 and 38: Kabul) (Chivers, 2002) and, in July
Page 39 and 40: • The pelt and bones of Snow Leop
Page 41 and 42: north-west Himalayan tourist towns
Page 43 and 44: demand from Chinese traders. Trader
Page 45 and 46: Table 7 Snow Leopard products noted
Page 47 and 48: Trade in Snow Leopards skins has be
Page 49: Pakistan has been well known for it
Page 53 and 54: targeted in the region and trade wi
Page 55 and 56: New networks of hunters, middlemen
Page 57 and 58: Snow Leopards are accidentally trap
Page 59 and 60: y Snow Leopard Enterprises direct f
Page 61 and 62: aised for re-investment into wildli
Page 63 and 64: Snow Leopard Survival Strategy and
Page 65 and 66: and of their prey for subsistence a
Page 67 and 68: • CITES membership Snow Leopard r
Page 69 and 70: Protecting and/or recovering the na
Page 71 and 72: and benefits associated with their
Page 73 and 74: Anon. (1999). Issues relating to sp
Page 75 and 76: Fox, J.L. (1994). Snow Leopard cons
Page 77 and 78: Ma, J., Zou, H. and Cheng, K (2002)
Page 79 and 80: Sumiya, G and Buyantsog, B. (2002).
Page 81 and 82: taken/fine imposed, source of infor
Page 83 and 84: FADING FOOTPRINTS: the killing and

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