ExamView - 2011-2012 AP Ecology Unit Exam.tst - AP Biology

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16) Species introduced by humans to new geographic locations A) can outcompete and displace native species for biotic and abiotic resources. B) increase the diversity and therefore the stability of the ecosystem. C) are usually successful in colonizing the area. D) always spread because they encounter none of their natural predators. E) are always considered pests by ecologists. 17) Two plant species live in the same biome but on different continents. Although the two species are not at all closely related, they may appear quite similar as a result of A) gene flow. B) introgression. C) allopatric speciation. D) convergent evolution. E) parallel evolution. 18) Which lake zone would be absent in a very shallow lake? A) limnetic zone B) pelagic zone C) aphotic zone D) littoral zone E) benthic zone 19) Which of the following is characteristic of most terrestrial biomes? A) a distribution predicted almost entirely by rock and soil patterns B) vegetation demonstrating vertical layering C) cold winter months D) annual average rainfall in excess of 250 cm E) clear boundaries between adjacent biomes 20) When climbing a mountain, we can observe transitions in biological communities that are analogous to the changes A) in biomes at different latitudes. B) in an ecosystem as it evolves over time. C) in a community through different seasons D) at different depths in the ocean. E) across the <strong>Unit</strong>ed States from east to west. 21) A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics? I. inhabiting the same general area II. belonging to the same species III. possessing a constant and uniform density and dispersion A) I only B) III only C) I and II only D) II and III only E) I, II, and III 4
22) Which of the following groups would be most likely to exhibit uniform dispersion? A) moths, in a city at night B) dwarf mistletoes, which parasitize particular species of forest tree C) red squirrels, who actively defend territories D) lake trout, which seek out cold, deep water high in dissolved oxygen E) cattails, which grow primarily at edges of lakes and streams 23) Which of the following is the best example of uniform distribution? A) a cultivated cornfield in the Midwest B) territorial songbirds in a mature forest during mating season C) bees collecting pollen in a wildflower meadow D) snails in an intertidal zone at low tide E) mushrooms growing on the floor of an old growth forest 24) Which of the following causes populations to shift most quickly from an exponential to a logistic population growth? A) decreased death rate B) removal of predators C) increased birth rate D) competition for resources E) favorable climatic conditions The following questions refer to Figure 53.3, which depicts the age structure of three populations. 25) Which population(s) is (are) in the process of decreasing? A) I B) II C) III D) I and II E) II and III 26) A population's carrying capacity A) generally remains constant over time. B) can be accurately calculated using the logistic growth model. C) may change as environmental conditions change. D) increases as the per capita growth rate (r) decreases. E) can never be exceeded. 5
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ExamView - 2011-2012 AP Ecology Unit Exam.tst - AP Biology

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